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Biomedical subjects

Y Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ueda.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Multiple cranial neuritis associated with large granular lymphocytosis.

A patient with a unique form of large granular lymphocytosis and multiple cranial neuritis is reported. The patient presented with facial weakness, diplopia and dysarthria. An increase in large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) was seen in blood (1.8 x 10(9)/l), CSF (237/microliters) and bone marrow (20% in a normocellular bone marrow). The phenotype of the LGLs in CSF, blood and bone marrow was CD2+ CD3+ CD4+ CD8- CD16- CD56- and CD57-. The unique features of this case include the CD4+ phenotype, the relative abundance of CSF LGL and the clinical presentation.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1994

Vector analysis of corneal astigmatism after scleral buckling surgery.

We conducted a short-term prospective study of 125 eyes with retinal detachment to examine changes of corneal astigmatism about 2 weeks after scleral buckling surgery, using a vector method on 2-fold-angle rectangular coordinates. Segmental buckles of one to less than two quadrants produced significantly greater changes in astigmatism (1.65 +/- 0.97 dptr) than those of less than one quadrant (0.88 +/- 0.75 dptr) and those spanning two quadrants or more (1.09 +/- 0.38 dptr) (p = 0.0005, Kruskal-wallis test; n = 73). The amplitude of differential vectors after explant buckling surgery (1.33 +/- 0.89 dptr, n = 24) was significantly greater than after implant buckling surgery (0.65 +/- 0.45 dptr, n = 15) (p = 0.009, Mann-Whitney U-test) with buckles of one quadrant or less. Differential vectors tended to direct toward the buckles. There was no obvious directional tendency in the case of encircling procedures (n = 52).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Tissue distribution of macromolecular conjugate, adriamycin linked to oxidized dextran, in rat and mouse bearing tumor cells.

Tissue distribution of the radioactivities after intravenous administration of [14C]adriamycin ([14C]ADM) or [14C]ADM linked to oxidized dextran ([14C]ADM-OXD) in mouse bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and rat bearing Walker 256 carcinosarcoma was studied. ADM conjugated with OXD increased plasma half-life and gave high area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC). The AUC values were 13.0 and 5.8 times higher than those of the [14C]ADM group in mice and rats, respectively. In the tumor tissues, AUC values of the [14C]ADM-OXD group were also respectively 1.6 and 1.9 times higher than those of the [14C]ADM group. However, the AUC values in the heart of the [14C]ADM-OXD group were about half those of [14C]ADM group in both animals. Thus the distribution of ADM was changed by the conjugation with OXD. The excretion profile of ADM was also changed by the conjugation. During 6 h after administration, [14C]ADM-OXD was mainly excreted into rat urine at 45.2% of the original dose, but in the [14C]ADM group recovery in urinary excretion was 4.2%. Using [14C]ADM-OXD and ADM-[14C]OXD, the respective tissue distribution of ADM and OXD portions in the ADM-OXD was studied in rats bearing Walker 256. The radioactivities of both [14C]ADM-OXD and ADM-[14C]OXD groups increased in tumor and liver within 1 h after administration. In the liver, both radioactivities were retained for 24 h, which suggested that ADM and OXD were retained as conjugated form, however, different behavior was observed between the two groups in tumor tissues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Large left-to-right shunt through a small atrial septal defect produced by progressive aortic stenosis in the elderly--a case report.

We present a 74-year-old female who showed a large left-to-right shunt through a small atrial septal defect presumably due to diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle caused by the progression of aortic stenosis. Accordingly, elderly patients with even small atrial septal defect should be followed carefully, since diastolic dysfunction of the acquired left ventricular disorder could increase the left-to-right shunt.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Protective effect of FR115427 against ischemic hippocampal damage in gerbils.

Excitatory amino acids and their receptors have been postulated to be involved in mediating ischemic neuronal damage. We occluded the bilateral carotid arteries for 5 min in gerbils to examine the effect of FR115427, a novel N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, on ischemic neuronal damage. FR115427 prevented hippocampal CA1 cell damage at a dose of 10 mg/kg and reduced spontaneous locomotor hyperactivity in gerbils after the development of ischemia at a dose of 32 mg/kg. The effective doses of MK801 were 3.2 mg/kg for preventing hippocampal CA1 cell damage and 1 mg/kg for reducing spontaneous locomotor hyperactivity. Moreover, we monitored the changes in body temperature of ischemic gerbils for 24 hr. The body temperature of ischemic gerbils significantly increased 1 hr after reperfusion. The pretreatment with FR115427 or MK801 prevented the hyperthermia provoked 1 hr after reperfusion in ischemic gerbils. In addition, the hypothermia was developed in gerbils treated with MK801 24 hr after reperfusion. However, FR115427 did not show hypothermia at any time. These results indicate that FR115427 has a protective effect against ischemic hippocampal CA1 cell damage after systemic administration, and this protective effect appears to be due to anti-NMDA activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Recent progress in TSH receptor studies with a new concept of "autoimmune TSH receptor disease".

Recent progress in the studies of epitope analysis of the TSH-R against TSH-R Ab was reviewed extensively. Using both site-directed mutagenesis and synthetic TSH-R peptide, binding and/or action sites of TSH-R Ab have been known to be multiple and discontinuous, but the significance of two unique and TSH-R specific regions has been implicated. Further, the possible existence of heterogeneity among stimulatory TSH-R Ab has also been indicated. As for immunogenetic factors related to autoimmune thyroid diseases, studies on HLA analysis, TSH-R specific T lymphocyte analysis and VH analysis of TSH-R Ab were discussed. Of note was the negative association of HLA-DP w2 antigen in Japanese patients with Graves' disease and hypothyroidism due to blocking TSH-R Ab, and we proposed a new concept of autoimmune TSH receptor disease within autoimmune thyroid disease and emphasized possible critical roles of HLA-DP. Recent evidence of restricted usage of the Ig VH gene in cloned B lymphocytes from Graves' patients producing TSH-R Ab has also been presented.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Development of a novel drug release system, time-controlled explosion system (TES). I. Concept and design.

A novel controlled drug release system. Time-Controlled Explosion System (TES) has been developed. TES has a four-layered spherical structure, which consists of core, drug, swelling agent and water insoluble polymer membrane. TES is characterized by a rapid drug release with a precisely programmed lag time; i.e. expansion of the swelling agent by water penetrating through the outer membrane, destruction of the membrane by stress due to swelling force and subsequent rapid drug release. For establishing the concept and development strategy, TES was designed using metoprolol and polystyrene balls (size: 3.2 mm in diameter) as a model drug and core particles. Among the polymers screened, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC) and ethylcellulose (EC) were selected for a swelling agent and an outer water insoluble membrane, respectively. The release profiles of metoprolol from the system were not affected by the pH of the dissolution media. Lag time was controlled by the thickness of the outer EC membrane; thus, a combination of TES particles possessing different lag times could offer any desired release profile of the model compound, metoprolol.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1994

[Intraoperative pulmonary angioscopy to undergo pulmonary embolectomy for acute massive pulmonary embolism].

An urgent pulmonary embolectomy on a patient under intraoperative angioscopy for the treatment of massive pulmonary embolism was performed and successfully saved the patient. The case was a 19-year-old man who had been bedridden over along period of time. He developed pulmonary embolism immediately after the initiation of walking rehabilitation. Although anticoagulation therapy was immediately carried out, hemodynamics deteriorated, and as a result, it became necessary to treat this patient with the urgent surgical procedure. Under extracorporeal circulation with the clamping of the aorta, the pulmonary artery was opened. Following embolectomy for the left pulmonary artery, the right pulmonary artery, where the presence of clots had not been confirmed with the naked eye, was inspected using an flexible fiberoptic choledochoscope 4.9 mm in diameter. Consequently, amount of clots were removed using forceps or an aspirating tube. The patient recovered from hypoxemia after surgery. The use of intraoperative angioscopy in the pulmonary artery proved to be very useful to examine the presence of emboli up to tertiary branches of pulmonary artery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

The effect of SRI 63-675, a competitive platelet-activating factor receptor-antagonist, in the generalized Shwartzman reaction.

Evidence indicates a role for platelet-activating factor (PAF) in endotoxin (LPS)-induced shock. To determine its involvement in LPS-induced intravascular coagulation, we assessed the efficacy of SRI 63-675, a specific PAF receptor antagonist, to prevent fibrin deposition in the various organs of New Zealand White rabbits 4 h after two intravenous doses of LPS (100 micrograms/kg), spaced 24 h apart. SRI 63-675 significantly lowered peak tumor necrosis factor levels after LPS challenge. Administration of SRI 63-675 around either the first (150 mg/kg) or second LPS dose (120 mg/kg), however, did not prevent coagulation. The unexpected high mortality after combined administration of SRI 63-675 and LPS precluded assessment of PAF inhibition around both LPS doses on coagulation. Sole administration of SRI 63-675 induced rapid and transient changes in peripheral blood cell counts, and blood pressure and heart rate suggestive of intrinsic PAF-like activity. Although some other intrinsic toxic effect of SRI 63-675 cannot be ruled out, it is suggested that endotoxin may have primed the rabbit to the lethal, PAF-like, effects of SRI 63-675.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cholesterol sulfate, a novel activator for the eta isoform of protein kinase C.

Activity of protein kinase C depends on the interaction with polar head-groups of two membrane lipids, i.e., phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol. In the present study, we demonstrated a novel activation mechanism of the eta isoform of protein kinase C (nPKC eta), which is predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues in close association with epithelial differentiation. We found that the nPKC eta was activated by cholesterol sulfate, a metabolite of cholesterol formed during squamous differentiation. This activation was greater than that by phosphatidylserine plus phorbol ester; the Vmax for the activation by cholesterol sulfate was 3.6 times that by phosphatidylserine plus phorbol ester, while Kms were almost equal. In the presence of cholesterol sulfate, phorbol ester only weakly enhanced the activity of nPKC eta. Activation of nPKC eta by cholesterol sulfate was further demonstrated by autophosphorylation of the kinase molecule. However, the alpha and delta isoforms of protein kinase C were not activated by cholesterol sulfate. The present observation affords a new insight into a signal transduction pathway of squamous differentiation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Plasminogen activators and their inhibitor in osteosarcomas and other bone tumors.

The concentrations of the plasminogen activators u-PA and t-PA as well as the inhibitor PAI-1 were studied immunohistochemically in 35 osteosarcoma specimens compared to 15 Ewing's sarcomas and various other bone lesions. The immunoreactivities of plasminogen activators in osteosarcoma specimens were significantly higher than PAI-1. Biochemically in cell cultures and immunohistochemically in the pathological specimens of the osteosarcomas u-PA was the dominant antigen, all factors showing a generally strong reactivity. Here a relation to the malignancy and invasivity of the tumors could be seen, which was comparable to the results in other tumors. This correlation, however, could not be detected in Ewing's sarcomas. On the whole low immunoreactivity of all enzymes, and of u-PA in particular, could be seen. In comparison in some benign lesions (fibrous dysplasias, aneurysmal bone cysts) the immunohistochemical reactions were distinctly stronger. Dominant antigens did not exist in Ewing's sarcomas. In all mesenchymal tumors studied the immunohistochemical localisation and concentration of the antigens showed a definite correlation with their histological differentiation. Chondroblastic differentiations in different tumors (chondrosarcomas, enchondromas, chondroblastic osteosarcomas) or chondroid parts were always negative for both activators and the inhibitor, especially in their central parts. Here, the biological malignancy was not decisive for the result.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical studies of renal trauma].

A total of 70 patients with renal trauma were treated at the Department of Urology, Nara Medical University and Nara Prefectural Hospital, including Life-Saving Emergency center, from January 1982 to June 1993. They were between 3 and 79 years old (mean 30.0) and preponded to the younger generation. The main cause of injury was traffic accident in 46 cases (65.7%). According to the Classification of Renal Injury by the Japanese Association for the Surgery of Trauma in Japan, there were 31 cases (44.3%) of type I (subcapsular injury), 18 cases (25.7%) of type II (superficial injury), 15 cases (21.4%) of type III (deep injury), and 6 cases (8.6%) of type IV (pedicle injury). Surgical treatment was performed in 17 cases (24.2%). The major associated injuries were bone fracture in 32 cases (45.7%), lung injury in 17 cases (24.2%), and liver injury in 15 cases (21.4%). Furthermore, hydronephrosis and ureteral tumors were incidentally found in 4 and 1 patient during the course of treatment for renal trauma. Post-traumatic plasma renin activities (PRA) in types III and IV were significantly higher than those in types I and II. Hypertension developed in 1 case of types I and II and 4 cases of types III and IV. The mean level of PRA was significantly decreased 2 years after renal injury in both groups. We should bear in mind that renal trauma may be associated with other urological diseases such as hydronephrosis and urological malignancies, and post-traumatic PRA should be followed carefully.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Anesthetic management of a patient with 21-hydroxylase deficiency].

21-hydroxylase deficiency was described as a fatal disease in infancy manifested by severe adrenal insufficiency with lack of differentiation of the external genitalia in males. Patients are in adrenal insufficiency or receiving long term corticosteroid therapy and are unable to respond normally to surgery or other forms of stress. Therefore, supplementation with corticosteroids and various regimens are required for surgery and anesthetic management. A 3 year 10 months correction of 6] old phenotypic female [correction of male] with 21-hydroxylase deficiency and congenital adrenal hyperplasia was scheduled for critroplasty. Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen. After endotracheal intubation, a caudal epidural catheter was placed. At the induction of anesthesia, the patient received a bolus of hydrocortisone 30 mg i.v. followed by a continuous infusion of hydrocortisone. The patient's general condition was good during surgery without any major complications. Caudal epidural anesthesia is considered to be effective for anesthetic management of these patients.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1994

Reduction of homologous blood transfusion in reoperative valve surgery.

From April 1979 to October 1993, 126 adult patients underwent reoperative cardiac valve surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: 53 patients who underwent surgery before January 1990 (group 1) and 73 patients who underwent surgery after January 1990 (group 2). After January 1990, a clinical strategy for reducing homologous blood transfusions was implemented, including the use of predonation of autologous blood in the operating room, reduced heparin doses, an elevated threshold of indication for blood transfusion, and autotransfusion of shed, drained blood after surgery. In group 1, 44 patients (93.0%) received an average of 3785 +/- 1251 ml of homologous blood transfusions. In group 2, only 26 patients (35.6%) needed homologous blood transfusions and had a smaller amount (2985 +/- 1521 ml) on average. Furthermore, only seven patients needed fresh blood transfusion in group 2.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Time course study of the extracellular matrix in puromycin-aminonucleoside-induced glomerulosclerosis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of glomerulosclerosis, which is an important histopathological feature of various renal diseases. Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) was administered to rats to produce glomerular lesions, and the kidneys were examined by repeated renal biopsy with light microscopy and immunohistochemical detection of glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) components (laminin, fibronectin, type I, III, and IV collagen). Immunohistochemical studies utilizing the streptavidin-biotin method showed marked accumulation of laminin and type IV collagen in the adhesions between the glomerular epithelium and Bowman's capsule, as well as in the mesangial matrix. Fibronectin was detected in the normal mesangium and the basement membrane of Bowman's capsule, while adhesions and the matrix accumulations were also positive. The sclerotic lesions of the glomeruli were also stained for type I and III collagen, which exist in normal interstitial tissue, but never in healthy glomeruli. Type I collagen appeared in the lesions after type III collagen. All of the ECM components examined in this study were present in advanced glomerulosclerosis and showed distinctive patterns of progression. These finding suggest that abnormal accumulation and production of ECM components in the glomeruli may have a role in the development of glomerulosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Mitral valve replacement with maintenance of mitral annulopapillary muscle continuity in patients with mitral stenosis.

Postoperative left ventricular performance was evaluated in patients with mitral stenosis who underwent mitral valve replacement with maintenance of the continuity of the mitral anulus and papillary muscles. Mitral valve replacement with preservation of autologous chordae tendineae (n = 7) or their replacement with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene sutures (n = 14) was performed in 21 patients with mitral stenosis. Hemodynamic parameters were compared with those of 28 patients who underwent conventional mitral valve replacement and 27 patients who underwent open mitral valve commissurotomy. No deaths occurred in the early or late follow-up period. All hemodynamic parameters were improved after the operation, and no significant differences were detected among the three groups with regard to postoperative cardiac index or mitral valve area. No significant differences were observed in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, end-systolic volume index, or contractility index, but the postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction in the chordal preservation and open commissurotomy groups was greater than that in the group having conventional mitral valve replacement. Postoperative regional shortening was greatest at the diaphragmatic portion in the chordal preservation group and at the long axis in the open commissurotomy group. In the mid-term postoperative period, although no differences were noted among the three groups in echocardiographic data or global ejection fraction measured by multigated equilibrium radionuclide angiography, the regional shortening at the anterolateral portion of the left ventricle in the chordal preservation and commissurotomy groups was greater than that in the group having conventional mitral valve replacement. Postoperative radionuclide angiography during exercise failed to demonstrate any difference between the ejection fraction in the chordal preservation group and that in the group having conventional mitral valve replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical effects of a combination treatment with fosfomycin and clavulanic acid/ticarcillin for infections in patients complicated with hematological disorders].

We evaluated clinical effects and toxicities of a combination of fosfomycin (FOM) and clavulanic acid/ticarcillin (CVA/TIPC) for treatment of infections complicated with hematological disorders in 61 patients. Fifty-eight patients were evaluable, including 40 with acute leukemia, 13 with malignant lymphoma and 5 with other hematological disorders. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 21 cases, good in 13 cases, fair in 2 cases and poor in 22 cases. The efficacy rate was 58.6% (34 cases/58 cases). This treatment was also effective in 12 of 20 cases in which granulocyte counts were less than 500/microliters through the course of administration. No subjective side effects were observed. Abnormal values in laboratory tests were noted in 1 case. Mild elevations of GOT and GPT were observed. Thus, the combination of FOM and CVA/TIPC is an effective and safe regimen for the treatment of infections in patients complicated with hematological disorders.

Adolescent↗