[Long-time survival case of glucagonoma metastatic to the liver treated with TAE therapy].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Ueda
Publications and source records attributed to Y Ueda.
Mitotic kinase expression and colorectal cancer progression.
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Aurora Kinases↗
A G-CSF receptor-gyrase B fusion gene: A new type of molecular switch for expansion of genetically modified hematopoietic cells.
We have developed a novel system for expansion of transduced hematopoietic cells. This system involves "selective amplifier genes" encoding fusion proteins between the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (Gcr) and the estrogen receptor (Er). The GcrEr chimeric gene conferred estrogen-dependent growth ability on murine hematopoietic cells. Here, we constructed a modified "selective amplifier gene" to circumvent possible concerns with the Er/estrogen switching system. The bacterial gyrase B (Gyr) gene was fused to the Gcr gene, and the GcrGyr fusion construct was introduced into interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent Ba/F3 cells. The dimeric antibiotic coumermycin induced IL-3-independent growth in Ba/F3 cells expressing GcrGyr. This stimulatory effect was antagonized by an excess amount of novobiocin, a monomeric form of coumermycin. These results suggest the feasibility of using Gyr as a molecular switch to regulate a growth signal in hematopoietic cells.
Aminocoumarins↗
Expression of cytokeratin 19 mRNA in human lung cancer cell lines.
The present study was designed to clarify the mechanism by which some lung cancer cell lines can produce cytokeratin 19 (CK19) fragment and others cannot. We hypothesized that some lung cancer cell lines which cannot release CK19 express an incomplete sequence of CK19 mRNA. Expression of mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR using several primer pairs for CK19. CK19 in the culture supernatant was measured by an immuno-radiometric assay. CK19 protein synthesis was evaluated by Western immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. Among 16 lung cancer cell lines, 7 released significant amounts of CK19 in the supernatant. In some cell lines, expression of CK19 mRNA was observed only in some combinations of primers, suggesting that incomplete mRNA was expressed. 3'-RACE analysis detected amplified products of a shorter size compared with normal amplified products in cell lines which expressed incomplete CK19 mRNA, suggesting that 3'-ends of mRNA for CK19 were deleted. Results of Western immunoblot and immuno-histochemical staining using anti-human CK19 monoclonal antibody completely correlated with the results on CK19 levels in culture supernatants as well as with complete expression of mRNA. We conclude that levels of CK19 closely relate to the expression of complete mRNA for CK19.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Aberrant plasticity in Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a region-specific degenerative disease that mainly impairs the temporal and parietal lobes, with preservation of the frontal lobes until advanced stages of disease. Since [11C]diacylglycerol PET facilitates examination of loci exhibiting plasticity, it was performed in eight patients with AD and six age-matched normal control subjects to evaluate frontal lobe function. [11C]Diacylglycerol tomograms obtained from patients with AD demonstrated strong spotty incorporation of [11C]diacylglycerol mainly in the frontal association areas. However, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose tomograms exhibited region-specific findings such as decreased CMRGIc in the parietotemporal association areas, which are involved in impairment of cognitive function. The strong spotty incorporation of [11C]diacylglycerol suggested a compensatory plastic process in the frontal lobes in response to involvement by Alzheimer's disease of the posterior association areas.
Adult↗
Identification of the canarypox virus thymidine kinase gene and insertion of foreign genes.
We mapped the canarypox virus (CaPV) thymidine kinase (TK) gene within a 5.8-kbp XbaI fragment of the genome by Southern blotting using the fowlpox virus (FPV) TK gene as a probe. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the fragment revealed seven open reading frames (ORFs) showing gene organization similar to that of FPV. The TK gene contained in this region had an ORF of 179 amino acids encoding a polypeptide with a putative molecular mass of 20.0 kDa. An A/T-rich region and a transcription termination signal, TTTTTAT, were found upstream and at the end of the ORF, which is consistent with poxvirus early gene regulation. The consensus sequence of the late promoter TAAAT also overlapped with the initiation codon of the ORF. The amino acid sequence similarity between the TK genes of CaPV and FPV, avipoxviruses, was 64.2%, which was lower than the similarities between vaccinia and variola orthopoxviruses (97.2%) and between Shope fibroma and myxoma leporipoxviruses (82.6%). However, the monophyly of avian clades of CaPV and FPV was supported by phylogenetic analysis. We then inserted the genes encoding lacZ, luciferase (luci), and envelope of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1 env) into the TK gene of CaPV to evaluate its suitability as an expression vector. The recombinant viruses obtained were unstable, although the foreign genes were expressed efficiently in the mammalian cells infected with the viruses.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic subsets in patients with acute myocardial infarction using digital color Doppler velocity profile integration and pulmonary venous flow analysis.
Four major hemodynamic subsets from cardiac index (CI) and mean pulmonary artery (PA) wedge pressure with a PA catheter usually reflect clinical status and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Recently, a new color Doppler technique has been developed for automated cardiac output measurements (ACOM). Color Doppler echocardiography also provides noninvasive estimation of PA wedge pressure from pulmonary venous (PV) flow analysis. This study evaluates the value of ACOM and PV flow analysis by color Doppler echocardiography for the assessment of hemodynamic subsets in patients with AMI. We performed ACOM and PV flow analysis by color Doppler echocardiography in 55 patients with AMI who underwent hemodynamic assessment with a PA catheter. From both noninvasive and invasive methods, we classified hemodynamic subsets as follows: subset I: normal hemodynamics (CI >2.2 L/min/m2, PA wedge pressure < or =18 mm Hg); subset II: pulmonary congestion (CI >2.2 L/min/m2, PA wedge pressure >18 mm Hg); subset III: peripheral hypoperfusion (CI < or =2.2 L/min/m2, PA wedge pressure < or =18 mm Hg); and subset IV: pulmonary congestion and peripheral hypoperfusion (CI < or =2.2 L/min/m2, PA wedge pressure >18 mm Hg). Doppler assessment of hemodynamic subsets was possible in 50 of 55 patients (91%). CI from ACOM correlated well with that from the thermodilution method (r = 0.94) with close agreement. There was a good correlation between the systolic fraction (systolic velocity-time integral expressed as a fraction of the sum of systolic and diastolic velocity-time integrals) of PV flow and PA wedge pressure measured from cardiac catheterization (r = -0.83). When we determined the value of 45% in the systolic fraction as the cut-off point in predicting >18 mm Hg in PA wedge pressure, there was 90% (45 of 50 patients) agreement between noninvasive and invasive hemodynamic subsets. Thus, ACOM and PV flow analysis by color Doppler echocardiography is useful in the noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic subsets in patients with AMI.
Adult↗
Immunohistological studies of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 6-deficient mice show no abnormality of retinal cell organization and ganglion cell maturation.
Immature retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) initially show a multistratified dendritic pattern, and, during the postnatal period, these dendrites gradually monostratify into ON and OFF sublaminae. The selective agonist of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR), L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP-4), hyperpolarizes ON bipolar cells and reduces glutamate release. On the basis of L-AP-4-evoked inhibitory effects on ON-OFF segregation of developing RGCs, it has been hypothesized that glutamate-mediated synaptic activity is crucial for formation of the ON-OFF network. Gene-targeted ablation of mGluR6 specifically expressed in ON bipolar cells blocks normal ON responses but has been predicted to enhance glutamate release from ON bipolar cells. The mGluR6 knock-out mouse therefore provides a unique opportunity to investigate whether glutamate release and ON responses are important factors in the development of ON-OFF segregation. The combination of several different morphological analyses indicates that ON bipolar cells, as well as several distinct amacrine cells, in mGluR6 knock-out mice are normally distributed and correctly extend their terminals to defined retinal laminae. Importantly, both alpha and delta RGCs in adult mGluR6 knock-out mice are found monostratified into cell type-specific layers. Furthermore, no difference between wild-type and mGluR6 knock-out mice is observed in the maturation and dendritic stratification of developing RGCs. Hence, despite a deficit in normal ON responses, mGluR6 deficiency causes no abnormality in the retinal cellular organization nor in the stratifications of both ON bipolar cells and developing and mature RGCs. Based on these findings, we discuss several possible mechanisms that may underlie ON-OFF segregation of RGCs.
Animals↗
Lower plasma levels and accelerated clearance of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol in scavenger receptor class B type I transgenic mice.
Recent studies have indicated that the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) may play an important role in the uptake of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesteryl ester in liver and steroidogenic tissues. To investigate the in vivo effects of liver-specific SR-BI overexpression on lipid metabolism, we created several lines of SR-BI transgenic mice with an SR-BI genomic construct where the SR-BI promoter region had been replaced by the apolipoprotein (apo)A-I promoter. The effect of constitutively increased SR-BI expression on plasma HDL and non-HDL lipoproteins and apolipoproteins was characterized. There was an inverse correlation between SR-BI expression and apoA-I and HDL cholesterol levels in transgenic mice fed either mouse chow or a diet high in fat and cholesterol. An unexpected finding in the SR-BI transgenic mice was the dramatic impact of the SR-BI transgene on non-HDL cholesterol and apoB whose levels were also inversely correlated with SR-BI expression. Consistent with the decrease in plasma HDL and non-HDL cholesterol was an accelerated clearance of HDL, non-HDL, and their major associated apolipoproteins in the transgenics compared with control animals. These in vivo studies of the effect of SR-BI overexpression on plasma lipoproteins support the previously proposed hypothesis that SR-BI accelerates the metabolism of HDL and also highlight the capacity of this receptor to participate in the metabolism of non-HDL lipoproteins.
Animals↗
Alterations of asparagine-linked sugar chains of N-acetyl beta-D-hexosaminidase during human renal oncogenesis: a preliminary study using serial lectin affinity chromatography.
Enzymatic properties and asparagine (Asn)-linked sugar-chain structures of N-acetyl beta-D-hexosaminidase A (Hex A) were compared in human tissues between normal renal cortex and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). No significant differences between the two Hex A preparations were observed with respect to enzymatic properties such as molecular mass, Michaelis-Menten value or optimal pH. With RCC preparations, relatively more Hex A passed through the concanavalin A (Con A) column, bound weakly to Con A, or bound strongly to Con A and also to the wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) column, than with preparations from normal renal cortex. In contrast, relatively less Hex A bound strongly to the Con A column, but passed through the WGA column with RCC preparations than with those from normal renal cortex. Asn-linked sugar-chain structures might apparently be altered during human renal oncogenesis.
Asparagine↗
Plasma adenosine levels and platelet activation in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Platelet activation is observed in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). P-selectin, which is expressed on platelet activation, plays an important role in the formation of thromboemobli. Because adenosine is known to attenuate platelet activation, we evaluated adenosine levels and 2 indicators of platelet activation, i.e., expression of P-selectin on platelets and plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin, in 28 patients with AF (20 men and 8 women, age range 64+/-2 years) with sex- and age-matched (+/-2 years) subjects with sinus rhythm. The incidence of risk factors for stroke except for coronary heart disease and in echocardiographic parameters did not differ between the 2 groups. Plasma adenosine levels were lower (p <0.05) in patients with AF than in controls (mean [interquartile range] 13.4 [19.3-9.3] vs 19.1 [30.8-11.9] nmol/L). The expression of P-selectin on platelets (6.8% [13.6-3.4] vs 4.0% [8.8-1.8]) and plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin were higher (p <0.05) in patients with AF. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that an antagonist of adenosine receptors, 8-sulfophenyltheophylline, increased the expression of P-selectin on platelets in a dose-dependent manner in the in vitro study. These results suggest that decreased plasma levels of adenosine were associated with platelet activation in patients with AF. Substitution of adenosine may provide a strategy for preventing platelet activation in these patients.
Adenosine↗
The effects of selenium deficiency on differentiation, degradation, and cell lysis of L8 rat skeletal muscle cells.
We investigated the effects of selenium (Se) deficiency on differentiation, protein degradation, and cell lysis in cultured skeletal muscle cells, using L8 rat skeletal muscle cells cultured in serum-free (SF) medium to induce differentiation and to maintain myotubes. Creatine kinase activity was reduced (p < 0.05) by approximately 15% without Se supplementation for 96 h. Confluent myoblasts were treated with SF media with four different levels of vitamin E (0, 10, 35, and 100 microM) in the absence and presence of Se (0 and 0.25 microM, respectively). After 96 h, vitamin E at a high dose (100 microM) was effective in the prevention of the decrease of differentiation caused by Se deficiency (p < 0.05). Following differentiation, the effects of three Se concentrations (0, 0.25, and 2.5 microM) on degradation of proteins as assessed by release of 3H-labeled free amino acids secreted into the media were studied. Selenium supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) total protein degradation. However, Se deficiency increased (p < 0.05) lactate dehydrogenase released from lyzed dead cells. The results indicate that Se is required to maintain an optimal rate of muscle cell differentiation and health of myotube cultures.
Animals↗
Early and mid-term outcomes of cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery in over-75-year-olds with postoperative quality of life assessment.
The early and mid-term outcomes of cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery were reviewed in seventy-two consecutive patients aged 75 years and older, together with assessment of postoperative quality of life. Twenty-six patients had ischemic heart disease, twenty had valvular heart disease, one had congenital heart disease, and twenty-five had thoracic aortic aneurysm. Twenty-five (34.7%) required an emergency operation. There were 6 early deaths (8.3%) and 11 late deaths (17.2%), of which the emergency cases had higher mortality of 5 early deaths (20.0%) and 3 late deaths (15.0%). In particular, most cases with a ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm died eventually from various complications including neurological dysfunction. The others with a non-ruptured aneurysm also had atherosclerotic aortic or arterial lesions which caused a lethal cerebrovascular accident or ischemic heart disease. The quality of life of 51 of 53 survivors was assessed using the Rosser and Watts index being based on disability and distress scores. The response was satisfactory--the disability score was 2.6 +/- 1.9 and the distress score was 1.4 +/- 0.4. The patients with a thoracic aortic aneurysm had worse quality of life scores than those of the ischemic heart disease or valvular heart disease patient-groups because of various perioperative complications. Our experiences demonstrate that the results including the postoperative quality of life following cardiac and aortic surgery in the elderly is satisfactory except for emergency cases. The results would prompt us to operate, if possible, electively in their stable conditions, even on elderly over-75-year-olds.
Age Factors↗
Coronary artery bypass grafting in a case with severe aortic atheromatosis associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
A 69-year-old man with coronary artery disease associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm underwent a one-stage operation utilizing a low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass. Ordinary cardiopulmonary bypass was abandoned as a result of severe atheromatous finding in the entire aorta. However, coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass was hazardous as a result of heart enlargement and deteriorating function. Therefore, the abdominal aortic aneurysm was first replaced with a bifurcated graft. Coronary artery bypass grafting with two arterial grafts was then performed successfully on the beating heart with the support of a low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass connected to the bifurcated graft.
Aged↗
Nucleotide sequences of the mouse globin beta gene cDNAs in a wild derived new haplotype Hbb(w1).
Haplotypes of the beta-globin gene complex (Hbb) in laboratory mice have been defined as d, p, and s. We previously found a new haplotype w1 in wild mice collected from northwestern China. This study analyzed the nucleotide sequences of b1 and b2-globin gene cDNAs of both the p and w1 haplotypes, in comparison with those of the d haplotype. In Hbb-b1 cDNA, six base substitutions were found between the d and w1 haplotypes and also between p and w1, but none existed between d and p. In Hbb-b2 cDNA, three base substitutions were found between the d and w1 haplotypes and also between d and p, but none between p and w1. This result indicated that the Hbb gene complex of the p haplotype carries b1(d) and b2(w1) genes and is probably a recombinant between d and w1 haplotypes. The hemoglobin containing the W1 phenotype showed oxygen-binding properties identical with those of the hemoglobins containing D and P phenotypes.
Animals↗
High origin of the right coronary artery with congenital heart disease.
We encountered a case of anomalous high origin of the right coronary artery associated with ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. The right coronary artery originated from the distal part of the ascending aorta resulting in unsuccessful induction of cardiac arrest by cardioplegia. We describe this rare case with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery.
Aorta↗
Retrograde cerebral perfusion for aortic arch surgery: analysis of risk factors.
BACKGROUND: Retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) has been widely adopted during aortic arch surgery under hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA). However, the risks in terms of mortality and morbidity in aortic arch surgery using HCA with RCP have not yet been confirmed. METHODS: The present study is a retrospective review of 249 patients who underwent aortic arch surgery at three Japanese cardiovascular centers where RCP is a routine adjunct. The median age was 65 years, and 38 patients were more than 75 years old. The pathology in the aortic arch was atherosclerotic aneurysm in 133 patients and dissection in 116. Seventy patients had surgery on an emergency basis. Surgery was performed through a median sternotomy in 182 patients and through a left thoracotomy in 67. Using HCA with RCP, graft replacement of the total aortic arch was performed in 109, the distal arch in 63, and the ascending aorta and hemi-arch in 66; 11 patients had patch repair. RESULTS: The overall hospital mortality was 25/249 (10%), and 12/70 (17%) in emergent surgery. Stroke developed in 11 patients (4%). The median duration of RCP was 46 minutes (range, 5 to 95). Univariate analysis of risk factors revealed that an age of 75 years or more (p < 0.001), and urgency of surgery (p = 0.02) affected hospital mortality. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that pump time (p = 0.0001), age (p = 0.0001) and RCP time (p = 0.05) are the most significant risk factors for mortality. The risk factors for mortality and neurological morbidity combined are pump time (p = 0.0001), age (p = 0.0002), and urgency of surgery (p = 0.07); RCP time is marginally significant (p = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: The dominant risk factors for mortality and morbidity are pump time, urgency of the surgery, and age. RCP is a simple and useful adjunct for aortic arch surgery with up to 80 minutes of HCA, although prolonged RCP is a risk factor for mortality and morbidity.
Adult↗
Control of breathing in infants born to smoking mothers.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether infants born to smoking mothers have an abnormal respiratory drive and a blunted ventilatory response to hypoxia. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-four healthy infants, aged 2 to 24 months, were classified into smoking (n = 19) or non-smoking (n = 45) groups based on maternal smoking habits. Resting ventilation, lung function, and mouth pressure 100 milliseconds after an airway occlusion at the onset of inspiration (P(0.1 )) were measured. The ventilatory response to hypoxia was assessed in 15 infants (6 in the smoking group and 9 in the non-smoking group) while breathing 14% oxygen. RESULTS: Respiratory drive (P(0.1 ) = 4.9 +/- 1.3 cm H(2 )O) was lower in infants in the smoking group compared with those in the non-smoking group (P(0.1 ) = 5.9 +/- 1.2 cm H(2 )O) (P <.05). The time to peak tidal expiratory flow (tPTEF) was also shorter (0.25 +/- 0.04 seconds vs 0.32 +/- 0.09 seconds, P <.05). Infants born to non-smoking mothers showed a significant ventilatory response to hypoxia and a 24.6% increase in P(0.1 ). Infants in the smoking group showed a blunted ventilatory response to hypoxia and no increase in P(0.1 ). A dose-response relationship existed between the number of cigarettes smoked by the mother (0, 1 to 10, >10 per day) and the results for P(0.1 ) and tPTEF. Paternal smoking had no influence on the infant's resting ventilation, respiratory drive, or ventilatory response to hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS: Infants born to smoking mothers have a reduced drive to breathe and a blunted ventilatory response to hypoxia. These findings may contribute to the increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome in these infants.
Analysis of Variance↗