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Biomedical subjects

Y Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uchida.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders. Biochemical and immunocytochemical studies on peroxisomes in human amniocytes.

Prenatal diagnoses of peroxisomal disorders, including peroxisome-deficient Zellweger syndrome, isolated deficiency of peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzyme and rhizomelic type chondrodysplasia punctata were investigated by means of the lignoceric acid oxidation assay, indirect immunofluorescence staining and pulse-chase experiments, using cultured amniocytes. Assessment of peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity by means of [1-14C]lignoceric acid oxidation is essential for the diagnosis of a single enzyme deficiency of peroxisomal beta-oxidation with detectable enzyme protein. For the diagnosis of Zellweger syndrome, the absence of peroxisomes was readily determined by immunofluorescence staining of only a few amniocytes. Evidence for abnormal processing of 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase leads to the diagnosis of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata. All the fetuses were considered to be normal and the neonates were normal. Use of these methods requires only a small number of amniocytes and will facilitate the prenatal diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders.

Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An economical synthesis of famciclovir.

An economical synthesis of famciclovir from N-2-acetyl-7-benzylguanine by a novel regioselective alkylation with the diester cyclopropane compound was developed.

2-Aminopurine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical application of vascular closure staple clips for blood access surgery.

We investigated the usefulness of nonpenetrating titanium vascular closure staple (VCS) clips developed for anastomosis of peripheral blood vessels. VCS clip applier systems (Autosuture; United States Surgical Corporation, Norwalk, CT) were used for 10 patients on hemodialysis who needed peripheral vascular anastomoses for blood access. Two arteriovenous (AV) fistulas, one closure of a fistula with reconstruction of the radial artery, six vascular graft implantations, and one vascular graft closure were performed. Medium clips were used for AV fistulas and large clips for vascular graft implantation. It took 12 min, on average, for vascular access graft anastomoses and 8.5 min, on average, for the AV fistulas. In two patients, bleeding from the anastomosed site occurred after declamping and additional sutures were required; however, neither hematoma nor wound infection occurred at 9 to 12 months after surgery. In one patient, stenosis of the graft-venous junction was found and was successfully treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The VCS clip applier is easy to manipulate, is as safe as hand-suture methods, and has time saving potential. We conclude that these VCS clips are useful for vascular anastomoses of blood access.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of the presence and severity of esophagogastric varices by splenic index in patients with liver cirrhosis.

PURPOSE: To determine whether spleen size is related to the severity of esophageal varices or associated gastric varices and liver functions in patients with cirrhosis. METHOD: The authors retrospectively studied spleen size on CT (splenic index [SI] = length x width x height of the spleen), liver functions, and the results of esophagogastric endoscopy in 110 patients with cirrhosis. They also analyzed SI in 112 controls. RESULTS: In controls, body weight, height, and age affected the SI. The SI in patients with uncompensated cirrhosis was greater compared with the SI in those with well-compensated disease (p = 0.0363). The SI in patients with esophageal varices was greater than in patients without esophageal varices (p<0.0001), but patients with and without gastric varices had similar SI values. The SI in patients with the red color signs (red wale marking, cherry red spot, and hematocystic spot) on esophageal varices or with risky varices (enlarged tortuous varices with beady, nodular, or tumor shape associated with red color signs) was greater than in patients without these signs (p = 0.0029 and p = 0.0030, respectively). CONCLUSION: The SI is a good indicator of the severity of esophageal varices and hepatic functional reserve in patients with cirrhosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of gastrin on the histamine-secretory and proliferative activity of cultured carcinoid cells derived from the stomach of the rodent Mastomys natalensis.

The effects of gastrin on the synthesis and release of histamine and on cellular proliferation were investigated in a homotransplantable carcinoid tumor implanted in the rodent Mastomys natalensis and in cultured cells derived from the tumor. The homotransplanted tumor was immunopositive for histamine, synaptophysin and protein gene product 9.5, and its cells contained numerous secretory granules that were visualized by electron microscopy. When carcinoid cells were cultured in a medium with a high concentration of gastrin-I (10(4) pg/mL) for 7 days, large electron-dense secretory granules were characteristically observed in the cytoplasm. By contrast, only a few such granules and numerous secondary lysosomes were seen in cells that had been cultured in the same medium without gastrin-I. A high concentration of gastrin-I (10(4) pg/mL) significantly increased the release of histamine into the culture medium from the carcinoid cells compared with the control (P < 0.05). Cellular proliferation, as determined by monitoring the incorporation of [methyl-3H]-thymidine into the carcinoid cells increased significantly at lower concentrations of gastrin-I (10(2) and 10(3) pg/mL), (P < 0.05). At higher concentrations (10(4) pg/mL or more), gastrin-I had no effect on proliferation. These findings indicate that gastrin stimulates the synthesis and release of histamine by carcinoid cells, as well as their proliferation.

Animals↗