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Biomedical subjects

Y Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uchida.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effect of morphine on aluminium fluoride and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP induced reduction of field potentials in hippocampal slices.

Effects of morphine and aluminum fluoride on field potentials evoked in hippocampal pyramidal cells were investigated revealing the physiological significance of adenylate cyclase in morphine action. Dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (db-cAMP) reduces the amplitude of potentials, while morphine enhances it. Morphine was without effects on db-cAMP induced reduction of potentials. Aluminum fluoride, known to activate GTP binding proteins, also reduced potentials and this was antagonized by morphine. Furthermore, N-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulphonamide dihydrochloride (H-8), a protein kinase A inhibitor, enhanced potentials. When GABA synthesis was inhibited by 3-mercaptopropinoic acid, both morphine and db-cAMP was without effect. These results suggested the inhibition of adenylate cyclase by morphine which might be related with the reduction of GABA release in hippocampal slices.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1995

Identification of virulence-associated antigens and plasmids in Rhodococcus equi from patients with AIDS.

Rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. However, little is known about the characteristics of R. equi isolates from humans. This study characterized the plasmid content, expression of a virulence-associated antigen, and mouse virulence of 19 R. equi isolates from patients with and without AIDS. EcoRI digestion patterns and Southern, Western, and virulence analyses of these isolates with cryptic plasmids allowed definition of a new category of R. equi. Isolates from patients with AIDS tended either to be virulent and have 15- to 17-kDa antigens and an 85-kb plasmid (10(6) bacteria needed for lethality) or have intermediate virulence (10(7) bacteria needed for lethality) and one of four distinct large plasmids that share DNA homology and express a 20-kDa antigen. Most of the non-AIDS isolates were avirulent (> 10(8) bacteria needed for lethality) and did not express any of these antigens.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Familial mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with deaf-mutism, ophthalmoplegia and leukodystrophy.

We report two sisters (32 and 36 years old) with familial deaf-mutism, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, leukodystrophy and mitochondrial myopathy. T2-weighted brain MRI demonstrated diffuse symmetrical high intensity areas in the white matter. Their muscle biopsies showed ragged-red fibers and cytochrome c oxidase (CCO)-negative fibers. CCO activity in biopsied muscle decreased to about 20% of normal control. They had no deletions of the mitochondrial DNA and no point mutations in mitochondrial tRNA. Their brother was diagnosed as having Kugelberg-Welander disease, grand mal seizures and urinary dysfunction. Their parents and grandparents had consanguinity. Three relatives were found to have deaf-mutism without accompanying ophthalmoplegia. This rare combination of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and familial deaf-mutism might be caused by a nuclear DNA mutation in these sisters.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Single photon emission computed tomography in systemic lupus erythematosus with psychiatric symptoms.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with n-isopropyl-p-[123I]iodoamphetamine (IMP) was performed on 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fifteen of the patients showed areas of hypoperfusion. All nine patients who had florid psychiatric manifestations at the time the SPECT was performed had hypoperfusion areas. Four patients who had abnormal SPECT findings during psychiatric remission had psychiatric exacerbation one to six months after the SPECT. Four patients who had no hypoperfusion during psychiatric remission had good psychiatric prognoses. Two patients who had no history of psychiatric abnormality but showed hypoperfusion had psychiatric manifestations one month after the SPECT. The IMP-SPECT may be useful as a biological marker that represents the activity of cerebral involvement underlying psychiatric manifestations and the presence of subclinical CNS involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Specific binding of endothelin-1 to canine tracheal epithelial cells in culture.

We have studied the binding of endothelin-1 (ET-1) to cultured canine tracheal epithelial cells. A single specific binding site for 125I-labeled ET-1 was identified with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.2 nM, maximal binding sites (Bmax) of 6.7 x 10(3) sites/cell, and half-maximal inhibition (IC50) of 0.3 nM during a 2-h incubation period. The binding of 125I-ET-1 to these cells was inhibited by the presence of unlabeled ET-1, ET-2, or BQ-123, whereas ET-3 and sarafotoxin S6c did not compete for this binding site. These binding characteristics are consistent with those of the ETA receptor. At 37 degrees C, specific binding continuously increased over 18 h, while at 4 degrees C, it reached a plateau by 2 h. The increase in binding at 37 degrees C was not associated with DNA synthesis but was dependent upon protein synthesis, suggesting that epithelial binding sites were produced continuously under these incubation conditions. Our results indicate that canine tracheal epithelial cells possess specific binding sites for ET-1 with characteristics similar to those of the ETA receptor subtype. Because these cells are demonstrated to both release and bind ET-1, the results further suggest that ET-1 is involved in paracrine and/or autocrine control mechanisms in the airway epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Biliary cefpiramide excretion: its relation to biliary excretion of bile acids and sulfobromophthalein.

Cefpiramide, a beta-lactam antibiotic, has been reported to be excreted from hepatocytes into the bile by a carrier-mediated system. Herein, the relationship of biliary cefpiramide excretion to the excretion of bile acids and sulfobromophthalein was studied in rats. Biliary cefpiramide excretion was markedly inhibited by sulfobromophthalein, lithocholate-3-O-glucuronide and taurolithocholate-3-sulfate, whereas it was not inhibited by ursodeoxycholate or taurocholate. However, the inhibitory effect of cefpiramide on the biliary excretion of sulfobromophthalein or lithocholate-3-sulfate was very small. These findings indicate that, although cefpiramide is excreted by a process common to organic anions and bile acid sulfate and glucuronide, two or more excretory pathways for organic anions exist and cefpiramide has affinity for only one of these carriers.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Local delivery of heparin inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in injured rabbit artery.

The efficacy of local delivery of an antithrombotic drug on neointimal hyperplasia was investigated in 17 rabbits. One rabbit iliac artery was injured by a balloon catheter as a control injured artery. The other iliac artery was also injured and treated by local delivery of 25 U/kg of heparin. One hour after the balloon injury, angioscopy demonstrated an occlusive or mural thrombus in all the controls, but few in the locally-treated arteries. Four weeks after balloon injury, the percent stenosis was 34 +/- 31% in the heparin treated group (n = 7, p < 0.005) vs control side 73 +/- 17%). Accumulation of FITC-labeled heparin at the injured site was confirmed by microscopy. The activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen level did not change significantly. PDGF-B chain was prominent at the neointimal layer in all the controls, whereas it was less in the locally treated arteries. Thus local delivery of heparin can inhibit neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury by reducing thrombus-related growth stimulation.

Angioscopy↗
PubMed1995

[A case of urachal carcinoma associated with elevated levels of CA19-9].

A 53-year-old man was admitted with the chief complaint of gross hematuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed a non-papillary tumor at the dome of the bladder. The plasma level of CA19-9 was markedly elevated before treatment. Total cystectomy with en bloc removal of the tumor and radical lymphadenectomy were performed under the diagnosis of urachal carcinoma. The plasma CA19-9 level decreased to the normal level after operation and was well correlated with postoperative course. The monitoring of CA19-9 may be useful for follow up in patients showing a high elevation of CA19-9.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Surgery of aneurysm of the left subclavian artery applying imaged thoracoscopy--a case report].

A 23-year-old male with aneurysm of the left subclabian artery was successfully treated by means of imaged thoracoscopic surgery. The operation was carried out using double-lumen endotracheal anesthesia. Short trocars were inserted through the left intercostal spaces to introduce a flexible video thoracoscope and surgical instruments. After the area around the proximal end of the subclabian artery was exposed, a tape and Nelaton tube were applied in order to interrupt the artery completely. The maneuvors for aneurysm could be accomplished with minimum invasion, and without thoracotomy. The advantages of this thoracoscopic surgery are: less postoperative pain and discomfort, early recovery and short hospital stay, and cosmetic preservation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Factors affecting the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after graft replacement of type A aortic dissection].

Fifty-seven patients of type A aortic dissection were underwent operations from Jan. 1985 to Nov. 1994. The number of patients who underwent graft replacement of the aorta and received aortogram after the operation was twenty-nine. To investigate factors affecting the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after graft replacement of the aorta, the aortograms of the 29 patients were examined retrospectively. The aortograms revealed leakage at the distal anastomotic site on 11 of the 29 patients. Eight factors: the kind of graft, Marfan's syndrome, the use of felt at the anastomotic site, the clamping method, distal anastomotic site, acute or chronic, the state of the aortic wall at the anastomotic site and the blood pressure control after operation, were examined relating to the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. The results showed 3 factors; acute or chronic, the state of the aortic wall and the blood pressure control, affected the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. In short, the anastomotic leakage easily occurred in patients who underwent in the acute stage and whose blood pressure was uncontrolled after the operation. Therefore, strict control of the blood pressure after the operation is the most effective for preventing anastomotic leakage.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1995

[A case of pulmonary blastoma composed of histological features of both pulmonary blastoma and pulmonary endodermal tumor resembling fetal lung].

A case of pulmonary blastoma in a 71-year-old male was reported. Chest X-ray and CT scan showed a well demarcated mass lesion in the apical segment of the right lung. A polypoid tumor was detected in the apical branch of the right bronchus by bronchoscopy. The biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma. The patient underwent a right upper lobectomy with lymph nodes dissection on Jan. 26, 1990. The resected tumor was really composed of two parts: a main tumor in the lung parenchyma and polypoid one protruding into the bronchus from the main tumor. The polypoid tumor exhibited typical features of pulmonary blastoma with both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. The histology of the main tumor was identical to pulmonary endodermal tumor resembling fetal lung (PET). The metastases in the excised lymph nodes consisted entirely of carcinomatous elements. The patient died of brain stem metastasis a year after his operation. The present case, with typical pulmonary blastoma and PET present in the same tumor, supports the idea that pulmonary blastoma and PET belong to the same group neoplasma.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of hilar 67Ga-citrate uptake in bronchogenic carcinoma].

We evaluated hilar uptake on 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy and correlated with hilar lymph node metastases in one-hundred seventeen cases (two-hundred thirty four hila) of bronchogenic carcinoma. Hilar uptake was classified into three grades independently on anterior and posterior chest views: no uptake (grade 0), uptake equal to that in the thoracic vertebrae (grade 1), uptake higher than that in the thoracic vertebrae (grade 2). If a summed grade of anterior and posterior view was larger than 3, hilar uptake was considered as positive. In forty-four cases (forty-nine hila) with hilar lymph node metastases, positive hilar uptake was found in ten cases (eleven hila), resulting in sensitivity of 22% based on cases and 23% based on hila. In seventy-three cases (one-hundred forty-six hila) without hilar lymph node metastases, positive hilar uptake was found in six cases (ten hila), resulting in specificity of 91% based on cases and 93% based on hila. In comparison to scintigraphic findings of unilaterally positive hilar uptake, findings of bilaterally positive hilar uptake showed significantly lower accuracy in determining presence of hilar lymph node metastases. No definite correlation between hilar uptake and histopathology or 67Ga-citrate uptake in a primary tumor was observed. The results indicate that usefulness of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy is limited when evaluating hilar lymph node metastases in bronchogenic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Correlation analysis between patlak plot and DAR using 11C-methionine PET].

Seven patients were studied with positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C-methionine. All had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma but one, who had Hodgkin's disease. By assuming a simple three-compartment model for dynamic data analysis, we used the graphic method proposed by Patlak et al., where Ki (K2K3/(K1+K3)) was compared with DAR (differential absorption ratio). Trichloroacetate was added to each plasma sample, and the activity of the acid-soluble fraction was counted to eliminate the influence of the protein-bound fraction of injected activity. Patlak data plots, using this acid-soluble fraction as an input factor, showed good linearity over the time of data collection. All tumors showed clear 11C-methionine accumulation. Tumor activity reached almost a plateau within 10 min and was kept at the same level for at least 30 min. Ki and DAR were 0.070 +/- 0.035 and 4.64 +/- 1.85 (mean +/- SD), respectively. There was no apparent correlation between histological type and Ki or DAR, while the correlation efficient between Ki and DAR was 0.875. Our conclusion is that DAR will give almost the same result as dynamic data in the analysis of methionine metabolism using PET.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of T cell subsets in autoimmune hemolytic anemia patients].

To clarify a role of immunoregulatory T cells in the pathophysiology of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), we investigated T cell subsets in the peripheral blood of 15 patients with AIHA by two color analysis using flow cytometry. Consequently both CD4+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells decreased in proportion, irrespective of the disease activity (active or remission phase). CD4+CD45RA+ cells are regarded as naive T cells. Incidentally the ratio of CD45RA+ cells in CD4+ cells also fell in the low level in active phase, but it recovered to the normal ratio in remission. On the other hand, CD8+ cells and CD8+ +S6F1+ cells that may represent activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes increased in active phase and then both entered the normal range in remission. These findings suggest that AIHA could be caused partly by the alternative balance of CD4+CD45RA+ cells probably constituting a member of IRT and moreover by the activation of CTL.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of traumatic rupture of the aortic valve with dove-coo murmur--case report].

Aortic regurgitation due to traumatic rupture of the aortic valve with dove-coo murmur is rare. A 71-year-old man was admitted for cardiac failure due to aortic regurgitation with dove-coo murmur, 4 years after the traffic accident. The aortic valve replacement was performed and his postoperative course was good. The aortic valve was tricuspid valve with the tear in the left side of right coronary cusp, and the size of the tear was 7 mm. The aortic valve was not recognized the findings of inflammatory or rheumatic change in the pathological study.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of right atrial papillary fibroelastoma, originated from the eustachian valve--a case report].

Papillary fibroelastoma is one of the most common benign primary cardiac tumor after myxoma. However, it is rare to originate from Eustachian valve. A 44-year-old woman was pointed out the right atrial tumor during admission for vasospastic angina. On two-dimensional echocardiogram, the tumor was found in the right atrium, and easily moved to the right ventricle. At operation, the tumor originated from Eustachian valve, and was resected together with the valve by means of extracorporeal circulation. The size of tumor was 57 mm in length, and the histological diagnosis was papillary fibroleastoma. The post-operative course was uneventful.

Adult↗