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Biomedical subjects

Y Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uchida.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Characterization and treatment of 20 canine dominance aggression cases.

This study was undertaken to characterize 20 cases of dominance aggression seen at Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine and to investigate the efficacy of our non-confrontational behavior modification program for 8 weeks. The 20 cases included 18 pure breed and 2 mixed breed dogs. Thirteen of the dogs were male. The dogs' ages ranged from 7 to 84 months (mean 32.1 +/- 22.64 SE). There was no correlation between the severity of dominance aggression and the signalment of the dogs. At the conclusion of the eight week follow up period, 14 dogs (70%) were reported to have responded to the treatment to some degree. Six dogs did not demonstrate any noticeable reduction in aggressive behavior or became more aggressive. The results of the study is powerful evidence of the efficacy of the non-confrontational behavior modification program.

Aggression↗
PubMed1997

[Investigation of autopsy cases of patients who had endoscopic injection sclerotherapy performed, classified by their age at the time of initial therapy].

We performed endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) for esophageal varices on approximately 214 patients between October 1981 and July 1994 at our hospital. Of the 214 patients 114 have died, and we divided them into two groups according to their age when EIS was first performed: (i) group 1, less than 70 years old; and (ii) group 2, more than 70 years old. We investigated the efficacy of EIS for the group 2 patients with esophageal varices by comparing the two groups. EIS was considered effective in the group 2 patients because there was no difference between the two groups in the period of observation after EIS, but the time to re-therapy in the autopsy cases of this age group was significantly less. As a result of investigating the surgical outcome and the direct cause of death, it was suggested that; in future, prevention of death by hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic failure was necessary for both groups.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

[Emergency surgery making use of video-assisted thoracoscopy--2 case reports].

We recently experienced two emergency operating cases using video-assisted thoracoscopy. First case was a 17-year-old male with foreign body and pneumothorax in the right thorax. He was emergencilly treated by means of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The operation was carried out using double-lumen endotracheal anesthesia. Short trocars were inserted through the right intercostal spaces to introduce a flexible video thoracoscope and surgical instruments. Foreign body was looked for easily and removed out. Second case was a 22-year-old male with hemo-pneumothorax at the right side. He was treated using video-assisted thoracoscopy emergencilly. Bleeding point was searched and hemostasis was done by the electrical mess and the clip. Bulla was removed out with surgical instruments. These were good adaptation of emergency operation using video-assisted thoracoscope. The advantages of this thoracoscopic surgery are: less operative invasion and postoperative pain, early recovery and short hospital stay, and cosmetic preservation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Central sleep apnea syndrome successfully treated with nasal bi-level positive airway pressure and sleep position adjustment].

A 55-year-old obese man was admitted to our hospital because of a severe morning headache. He snored and had recurrent episodes of sleep apnea that began 10 years earlier and had since become much worse. An overnight polysomnographic recording confirmed that he had sleep apnea syndrome, predominantly of the central type. The apneas were more frequent when he lay on his back (apnea index 54.5) than on his side (apnea index 1.2). He was treated with sleep position adjustment and nasal bi-level positive airway pressure, inspiratory positive airway pressure at 5 cmH2O and expiratory positive airway pressure at 2 cmH2O. His snoring, headache, and oxygen desaturation resolved. This case suggests that airway collapse may cause central apnea, and that nasal continuous positive airway pressure, and nasal bi-level positive airway pressure and adjustment of sleep position can be effective in some patients with central-type sleep apnea syndrome.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Essential thrombocythemia in transformation to acute leukemia (FAB-M0) as a natural history from myelofibrosis with t(1;7)].

A 34-year-old man was found to have leukocytosis and thrombocytosis in 1983. In 1988, his leukocyte count was 10,400/microliter, Hb 16.5g and a platelet was 73 x 10(4)/microliter. A bone marrow examination showed megakaryocyte hyperplasia. Essential thrombocythemia (ET) was diagnosed but no treatment was given. In February 1993, anemia and hepatosplenomegaly developed and cytogenetic study of the peripheral blood demonstrated t(1;7) (q10;p10). Myelofibrosis was diagnosed as by bone marrow biopsy. The patient was treated with blood transfusion, oxymetholone and prednisolone, but without effect. In 1995, acute myeloid leukemia developed, and he died in December 1995 due to septicemia. We report here a case of the ET developed myelofibrosis with t(1;7) (q10;p10) anomaly and acute leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

[A case of chronic expanding hematoma resected 37 years after lobectomy].

A 65-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of slowly growing mass shadow in the right lower lung field on chest X-ray film. He had undergone right upper lobectomy for pulmonary tuberculosis 37 years before. As we could not rule out a suspicion of mediastinal tumor, thracotomy was performed. Histological examination of the resected mass showed a hematoma surrounded by dense fibrotic tissue. And the mass was resultantly diagnosed as chronic expanding hematoma. The mechanism of chronic expanding hematoma is unclear. In our review of the Japanese literatures, only 10 cases including this one, resected more than twenty years after the initial trauma or operation, could be found.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[A device in reconstruction method after distal subtotal gastrectomy: special reference to double tract method with jejunal pouch].

In the surgery of gastric cancer, it is necessary to consider not only the curability of gastric resection but also the quality of life of the patients in the choice of reconstruction method after distal gastrectomy. We have devised the jejunal pouch double tract method after gastrectomy. We reported in this study on the details of method and the satisfactory results. We employed 15 cases of gastric cancer which should be resected over three quarters of the stomach because the tumor occupation were in the middle third of the stomach and were expected long survival period. The operative procedure was as follows: (1) completion of gastric resection and lymph node dissection, (2) separation of jejunum at the site of 25 cm anal side from the Treitz's ligament, (3) pulling up the anal side of the jejunum preparing double jejunal pouch with approximately 10 cm in length using GIA, (4) anastomosis between residual stomach and jejunal pouch, (5) duodenojejunostomy at the site of 3-5 cm anal side from the pouch, (6) jejunojejunostomy at the site of 15 cm anal side from the duodenojejunostomy. Double tract reconstruction with jejunal pouch after distal gastrectomy is well-balanced method in the storage and discharging capacity, and useful in the view of better quality of life, especially in the cases which could be expected long survival period.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1997

Serum concentrations of zinc and copper in bull terriers with lethal acrodermatitis and tail-chasing behavior.

OBJECTIVE: To establish similarities or differences in tissue concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron in Bull Terriers with lethal acrodermatitis (LAD) and tail-chasing behavior (TCB) and to confirm the suspicion that copper is involved in the etiopathogenesis of LAD. SAMPLES: Serum samples from 29 Bull Terriers (9 control dogs, 6 dogs with LAD, 14 dogs with TCB), and liver and kidney specimens from 2 dogs and 1 and 4 dogs with LAD or TCB, respectively. PROCEDURE: Serum, liver, and kidney mineral (zinc, copper, and iron) concentrations in Bull Terriers with LAD or TCB and in a group of control dogs were analyzed, using flame atomic absorption after wet ashing technique. RESULTS: Serum zinc and copper concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in dogs with LAD, compared with values for control dogs and dogs with TCB. Liver zinc and copper concentrations were similar to serum values. Kidney zinc and copper concentrations were similar among the 3 groups. Serum, liver, and kidney iron concentrations had a wide range of variability within all 3 groups. CONCLUSION: Copper deficiency is associated with LAD. The primary cause of LAD may be copper deficiency, with zinc involved secondarily, or combined zinc and copper deficiencies. The role of ion deficiency in TCB was not clarified. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Serum zinc and copper concentrations should be determined when LAD is suspected.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1997

[Chronic myelogenous leukemia received unrelated bone marrow transplantation following surgical resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformation--first case report].

We report a 15-year-old boy with chronic myelogenous leukemia who received unrelated bone marrow transplantation (uBMT) after surgical resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage caused by rupture of cerebral ABM in cases of BMT is uncertain. However, since the risk of rupture of AVM was supposed to increase due to both severe thrombocytopenia after intensive chemotherapy and increased intracranical pressure because of total body irradiation (TBI) as preconditioning therapy for BMT, we have first carried out surgical resection of the cerebral AVM, and subsequently performed uBMT. This resulted in a favorable clinical course without serious complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[A new surgical management of esophageal stenosis without esophagectomy].

In many cases, reflux esophagitis following surgical treatment for esophageal stenosis is caused by the recurrence of that after esophagectomy and esophogogastrostomy. We performed a new management without esophagectomy for a 66-year-old man with sliding hiatal hernia and esophageal stenosis induced by reflux esophagitis. A Expanding Metalic Stent (MES) was inserted to the stenotic portion of the esophagus, and then Collis-Nissen's procedure was done through left thoracotomy and phrenotomy. The postoperative course was satisfactory, and no gastroes-ophageal reflux was detected with the use of 24h pH-monitoring of the esophagus after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding rat very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase.

The cDNA encoding rat very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (VLACS) was cloned, using degenerative primers synthesized according to the partial amino acid sequences of the peptide fragments of the purified rat liver enzyme. The longest cDNA insert was 2972 base pairs with a 1860-base pair open reading frame encoding 620 amino acids. The calculated molecular mass of 70,692 daltons was consistent with size of the purified enzyme. In Northern blot analysis, a single band was detected at the position of about 3 kilobases, corresponding to the size of the cloned cDNA. cDNA-directed expression in Escherichia coli resulted in accumulation of expressed protein, as an inclusion body. An antibody was raised using this expressed protein to characterize the cDNA and the enzyme. The subcellular localization of VLACS in peroxisomes and microsomes was demonstrated in Western blot analysis. The specific activity and the substrate specificity of the cDNA expressed enzyme in COS-1 cells were consistent with those of the purified rat enzyme. The predicted amino acid sequence of VLACS had a high sequence similarity to fatty acid transport protein (Schaffer, J. E., and Lodish, H. F. (1994) Cell 79, 427-436), and was considered to have domains for adenylation and thioester formation. The entire structure of VLACS was dissimilar to that of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (Suzuki, H., Kawarabayashi, Y., Kondo, Y., Abe, T., Nishikawa, K., Kimura, S., Hashimoto, T., and Yamamoto, T. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 8681-8685), except for the domains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Immunoreactivity of growth inhibitory factor in normal rat brain and after stab wounds--an immunocytochemical study using confocal laser scan microscope.

The growth inhibitor factor (GIF) is a new member of the metallothionein family that is downregulated in Alzheimer's disease brain. Using a confocal laser scan microscope with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to GIF, and monoclonal antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and MAP-2, we demonstrated that GIF immunoreactivity was expressed primarily in astrocytes and much less in neurons. In astrocytes of normal rat brain GIF immunoreactivity was detected mainly in the cell bodies, while GFAP immunoreactivity was detected mainly in the processes. GIF immunoreactivity was more strongly expressed in reactive astrocytes. These findings were confirmed with both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Following stab wounds, a number of GIF-positive reactive astrocytes were detected around the wounds at 3 days postoperation. After 7 days GIF immunoreactivity was detected in cell bodies and processes of reactive astrocytes. The number of GIF-positive astrocytes and the intensity of the immunoreactivity remained elevated over the control levels at least through 28 days. These immunocytochemical findings correlated well with changes in GIF protein and mRNA levels. Not only changes in GIF protein and mRNA levels but also intracellular localization of GIF in normal rat brain and after stab wounds in rat brain were different from those of GFAP. These results support the concept that GIF plays an important role in the processing of reconstruction after brain damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Tolerance to lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in vascular permeability in mouse skin.

We investigated whether tolerance develops to the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in vascular permeability of mouse skin on pretreatment with Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharide-induced plasma extravasation was assessed by determining Pontamine sky blue dye accumulation in the skin where lipopolysaccharide was injected s.c. 2 h previously. When mice were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide (0.15 mg/kg i.p.), the dye leakage induced by s.c. challenge with lipopolysaccharide (400 micrograms/site) was significantly, inhibited for 2-24 h after pretreatment, indicating the development of lipopolysaccharide tolerance. At 4 h after lipopolysaccharide (0.15 mg/kg i.p.), the dose-response curve of dye leakage against the challenge dose of lipopolysaccharide shifted about 2-fold to the higher dose. The dye leakage induced by lipopolysaccharide was inhibited by pretreatment with lipopolysaccharide in a dose-dependent manner (0.05-0.15 mg/kg i.p.). Lipopolysaccharide tolerance was not seen in adrenalectomized mice. When mice were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, at the same time, the hyporesponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide challenge disappeared. However, L-NAME was ineffective to inhibit the development of lipopolysaccharide tolerance when administered 24 h after lipopolysaccharide pretreatment or just before the lipopolysaccharide challenge. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha but not interleukin-6 induced a similar hyporesponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that tolerance develops to the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in vascular permeability in mouse skin after a single lipopolysaccharide administration and that endogenous glucocorticoids and NO are necessary for induction of lipopolysaccharide tolerance. Hyporesponsiveness induced by lipopolysaccharide pretreatment may be mediated by production of some cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1 alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Enhancement of anticoagulant action by warfarin-benzbromarone interaction.

To investigate the interaction between warfarin potassium and benzbromarone, administration of benzbromarone to patients receiving long-term treatment with both drugs was discontinued for 1 week and then resumed, and the resulting changes in the coagulation system were examined. Thrombotest value, activity of coagulation factors II and VIII, concentration of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), total plasma concentration of warfarin, and free warfarin concentration were measured during the period of concurrent administration of the two drugs, 1 week after discontinuation of benzbromarone, and after resumption of benzbromarone administration. After administration of benzbromarone had been discontinued for 1 week, the thrombotest value and factor II activity rose significantly whereas PIVKA-II activity dropped significantly compared with corresponding levels before discontinuation, but these parameters tended to revert to the previously maintained levels after resumption of benzbromarone treatment. Activity of the vitamin K-independent factor VIII displayed almost no changes, however. Total plasma warfarin concentration also decreased significantly, and free warfarin concentration was nearly unchanged. These results verified that the anticoagulant action of warfarin is enhanced by concurrent administration of benzbromarone. Accordingly, adequate consideration must be devoted to the prevention of grave hemorrhagic tendencies when these two drugs are administered concurrently.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Repair of a ruptured aortic arch aneurysm complicated by postoperative paraplegia: report of a case.

We report herein the rare case of a 79-year-old man who suffered permanent paraplegia after undergoing an otherwise successful total arch replacement for a ruptured aortic arch aneurysm. During cardiopulmonary bypass, perfusion to the distal aorta was maintained from the femoral artery, and postoperative aortography showed intact tributaries from the aorta including the intercostal arteries. Postoperative paraplegia is an extremely rare complication of operations on the aortic arch; however, we speculate that the paraplegia in this patient could be attributed either to a steal phenomenon involving the radicular artery, or to the anatomical particularity of the spinal cord artery described by Cole and Gutelius as the "segmental system".

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Induction of thrombolysis and prevention of thrombus formation by local drug delivery with a double-occlusion balloon catheter.

The efficacy of the local delivery of an antithrombotic drug in preventing thrombosis and enabling thrombolysis was investigated in 29 dogs. An antithrombotic drug (heparin, 25 U/kg), or an antithrombin (argatroban, 0.05 mg/kg) was infused into injured canine iliac arteries, using a double-occlusion balloon catheter, and the preventive effect of the drug was evaluated. Local delivery of low-dose tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA; Tisokinase, 50,000 U; Kowa, Nagoya and Asahi Chemical Industries, Fuji, Japan) into thrombosed canine iliac arteries, using the same catheter, or intravenous infusion of low-dose or high-dose t-PA (30,000 U/kg) was also performed. Angiographically, stenotic thrombosis was 2% by local delivery of argatroban and 7% by local delivery of heparin (P < 0.01 vs each control; 47% and 51% respectively). Thrombotic stenosis, as observed by angiography, decreased from 91% to 9% after local delivery of t-PA, and from 94% to 52% in controls. Local delivery of t-PA effectively reduced the thrombus size (P < 0.01 vs control). After systemic intravenous delivery of low-dose t-PA, no reduction of residual thrombotic stenosis, was observed. Reduction of residual thrombotic stenosis after intravenous delivery of high-dose t-PA, was similar to that achieved by local delivery of the drug. Angioscopy demonstrated a similar trend. High-dose drug delivery reduced systemic coagulability. Local delivery of an antithrombotic drug, using a double-occlusion balloon catheter, effectively prevented thrombus formation, and local delivery of t-PA induced thrombolysis without exerting a significant influence on coagulability.

Angioscopy↗