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Biomedical subjects

Y Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uchida.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[A case of advanced gastric cancer with multiple bone metastasis successfully treated by both methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil sequential therapy, and endoscopic intratumoral injection of 5-fluorouracil].

We reported a case of advanced gastric cancer with multiple bone metastasis successfully treated by both methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sequential therapy, and endoscopic intratumoral injection of 5-fluorouracil. A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of appetite loss and bone pain. He could not walk by himself for the bone pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a lesion like II c + III in the greater curvature of the angulus. By both MTX /5-FU sequential therapy and endoscopic intratumoral injection of 5-FU, partial response (PR) was obtained against gastric primary lesion, and his performance status was improved. PR was maintained for 5 months. Severe side effects of the chemotherapy were not observed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Infective endocarditis--a review of 21 cases in last 10 years].

Twenty one cases of infective endocarditis in last 10 years were re-evaluated by Duke's criteria. Fourteen strains of Streptococcus viridans, 4 of Enterococcus faecalis, 1 of Haemophilus parainfluenzae were isolated from blood culture. As to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 strains of Streptococci, imipenem revealed the lowest MIC value, following penicillin G, ceftriaxon not equal to ampicillin, vancomycin and gentamicin. One strain of them was penicillin-resistant (0.8 micrograms/ml). Serum inhibitory test (SIT) and serum bactericidal test (SBT) were undergone for 6 cases. The assay was efficient to determine penicillin-tolerance of causative bacterium. Vegetations were observed in 18 cases of 21 by the echo-cardiography, especially transesophageal echocardiography had better diagnostic sensitivity compared to transthoracic echocardiography. However, it took 12 weeks from the first febrile episode to achieve definite diagnosis. One of reasons to take such a long time to reach diagnosis was that major causative organism was S. sanguis, whose inflammatory reaction to the host was said to be strikingly weak.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Cardiovascular effects of (2RS,3SR)- 2-aminomethyl-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-2,3,5,8,8-pentamethyl-6H-furo- [2,3-e]indol-7-one hydrochloride (UK-1745), a novel cardiotonic agent with vasodilatory and antiarrhythmic properties.

The cardiovascular effects of (2RS,3SR)-2-aminomethyl-2,3,7,8- tetrahydro-2,3,5,8,8-pentamethyl-6H-furo[2,3-e]indol-7-one hydrochloride (CAS 170684-14-7, UK-1745), a novel cardiotonic agent, were investigated using in vitro and in vivo preparations. In paced left atria isolated from guinea pigs, both UK-1745 and vesnarinone (CAS 81840-15-5) showed a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect. In spontaneously beating guinea pig right atria, both agents caused only a minimal chronotropic effect. In isolated, blood-perfused canine papillary muscle preparations, UK-1745 and vesnarinone injected intra-arterially into the anterior septal artery (ASA) increased the developed tension in a dose-dependent manner. In isolated, blood-perfused canine sinoatrial node preparations, both agents injected into the right coronary artery (RCA) did not cause any appreciable changes in the sinus rate. UK-1745 increased the blood flow through the ASA and the RCA in a dose-dependent manner, whereas vesnarinone did not. In anesthetized open-chest dogs, UK-1745 injected intravenously increased cardiac contractility and cardiac output, and decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, systemic vascular resistance and heart rate. In experimentally induced acute heart failure in anesthetized open-chest dogs, intravenously injected UK-1745 effectively improved hemodynamic functions. In conscious instrumented dogs, orally administered UK-1745 increased LV dP/dtmax with insignificant changes in systemic blood pressure and heart rate. In mice, orally administered UK-1745 protected the development of ventricular fibrillation induced by chloroform inhalation, whereas vesnarinone did not. Thus, in respect of inotropic and chronotropic effects, UK-1745 closely resembled vesnarinone, but differed from vesnarinone in respect of coronary vasodilating and antiarrhythmic effects. The results suggest that UK-1745 is a novel positive inotropic agent with vasodilatory and antiarrhythmic properties, without significant chronotropic action, and may be beneficial for the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1998

[A case of fibromatosis needed reconstruction of the chest wall for postoperative local recurrence].

The case was a sixty-four-year-old female with a history of fibrous tumor in the right supraclavicular and neck region thirty years ago. A fibrous tumor developed in the right pleural cavity and was surgically resected. Since local recurrence occurred, the chest wall was partially resected including the tumor followed by reconstruction with a composite graft. This graft was made of hydroxyapatite filler wrapped with two sheets of Dacron fabric. A diagnosis of fibromatosis was made according to the study of the resected specimen, which showed unclear borders, homogenisity, poor evidence of nuclear atypia and mitosis in histological examination as well as negative finding of CD 34 in immunohistochemical examination.

Female↗
PubMed1998

Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose and carbon-11-methionine evaluation of lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis.

UNLABELLED: Uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 11C-methionine (Met) in mediastinum and hilar lymph nodes was studied using PET in 31 patients with sarcoidosis. The aim of our study was to examine whether these different tracers play a differential role in clinical assessment of pulmonary involvement. METHODS: Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose and 11C-Met PET were administered on different days. The differential absorption ratio of these tracers was calculated for the region of interest with the highest level of activity. Clinical reassessment of sarcoidosis was made at least 1 yr after the first PET examination. In seven patients whose lymph nodes still remained visible by other imagings at the time of reevaluation, the same PET study was performed again. RESULTS: Both FDG and Met were accumulated in the lymph nodes in all but one patient. The FDG and Met uptake ratios in all patients were not correlated, but they could be divided into the FDG-dominant group (FDG/Met uptake ratio > or = 2) and the Met-dominant group (FDG/Met uptake ratio < 2). Within each group, the FDG and Met uptake values were correlated. The rate of improvement assessed by clinical status and chest radiographs was considerably higher in the FDG- (78%) than in the Met-dominant group (33%). In the seven patients of the repeated PET examination, their FDG/Met uptake ratios were generally unchanged after 1 yr. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the FDG/Met uptake ratio using PET may reflect the differential granulomatous status in sarcoidosis and be a useful tool for pretreatment evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A case of giant hepatocellular carcinoma effectively treated with UFT].

A 73-year-old man complaining of general fatigue and abdominal fullness was hospitalized in April 1994. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measuring 25 x 11 cm was detected in the right liver lobe. The patient received transcatheter artery embolization, and AFP and PIVKA-II levels were decreased thereafter. However, after three months, AFP levels were increased gradually. Therefore, 300 mg of UFT was administered daily. AFP and PIVKA-II levels decreased and the tumor decreased in size. The patient remained in a good state of health for about two years and six months. Our case suggests that UFT is effective for the treatment of HCC.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

[Bleomycin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, deacadron, etoposide (BACOD-E) chemotherapy for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: long-term survival rate and complications].

This study was performed to analyze the effect of Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Deacadron, Etoposide (BACOD-E) chemotherapy for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Seventy patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (stage I: 15, stage II: 23, stage III: 20, and stage IV: 12) were treated at the Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, between 1987 and 1995. The response rates for treatment were CR: 63%, PR: 35%, and PD: 2%. The overall disease-free 5-year survival rate was 54%, and those for each stage were as follows: stage I: 78%, stage II: 55%, stage III: 51%, and stage IV: 28%. There were no significant differences between patients with and without B symptoms, or those with and without elevated LDH levels. Treatment associated deaths occurred in six patients. Two patients died due to side effects of chemotherapy during treatment, and one patient due to leukemia 2 years and 5 months after treatment. One patient died due to radiation pneumonitis, one patient due to heart failure, and one patient due to an unknown reason one month after treatment. This chemotherapy may be useful for patients with advanced disease or unfavorable prognostic factors such as B symptoms or elevated LDH. Moreover, the addition of radiation therapy may prolong survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

UVB irradiation up-regulates serine palmitoyltransferase in cultured human keratinocytes.

The enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT; EC 2.3.1.50), which catalyzes the first committed and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid synthesis, is up-regulated in the epidermis as part of the homeostatic repair in response to permeability barrier perturbation. Moreover, UVB exposure, which also perturbs the barrier, up-regulates sphingolipid synthesis, but the basis for this increase is not known. The recent isolation of cDNAs for SPT (i.e., LCB1 and LCB2) allow molecular regulation studies to be performed. Therefore, we determined whether UVB exposure alters mRNA, protein, or activity levels for SPT in cultured human keratinocytes (CHKs) as a mechanism for regulation of epidermal sphingolipid synthesis. In CHK, transcripts for both LCB1 (3.0 kb) and LCB2 (2.3 kb) are evident by Northern blot analysis, and UVB exposure (23 mJ/cm2) induces a delayed 1.8 to 3.3-fold increase in LCB2 mRNA levels (P < 0.01) 48 h after treatment versus non-irradiated control cells. In contrast, neither LCB1 nor a second LCB2 transcript (8.0 kb) changed significantly. Likewise, Lcb2 protein levels (by Western blot analysis), as well as SPT activity, increase in parallel with the increased LCB2 mRNA. Finally, incorporation of [14C]-acetate into sphingolipids was increased significantly 48 h after UVB treatment. Together, these results demonstrate that CHKs respond to UVB by increasing sphingolipid synthesis, primarily through increases in both LCB2 mRNA and protein levels, leading to increased SPT activity. These results demonstrate one mechanism (UVB) whereby SPT is regulated at the molecular level, and suggest further that epidermis up-regulates sphingolipid synthesis at both the mRNA and protein levels in response to UVB.

Acetates↗
PubMed1998

[A new reconstruction procedure as antireflux surgery after proximal gastrectomy. Interposition of the jejunal pouch with valvuloplasty].

In order to reduce the incidence of reflux esophagitis following proximal gastrectomy, we have developed a new reconstruction procedure with an interposed jejunal pouch with antireflux valvuloplasty between the esophagus and the gastric remnant. After a standard proximal gastrectomy and lymph node dissection, the jejunum is divided at a point 25 cm from the Treitz ligament. The distal jejunum is pulled up through the transverse mesocolon with a mesenterium and anastomosed to the esophagus with a PCEEA stapling device. The pulled through jejunum is doubled up at a point 30 cm from the esophagojejunostomy, and the 5 cm tip of the jejunum is resected. A 5.5 cm autosuture GIA is inserted into the jejunum from both cut ends of the jejunum for side-to-side anastomosis on the antimesenteric side to make a 5 cm long jejunal pouch, and the jejunum is further divided 5 cm distal from the jejunal pouch. As a result, the interposed jejunal segment is omponed of a single-lumen 15 cm jejunum, a parallel lumen 5 cm jejunum, and a double-lumen jejunum. In the double-lumen jejunum, the jejunal pouch plays the role of a pressure absorber in the residual stomach, and the septum of the parallel lumen jejunum that of an anti-reflux valve. Peristalsis of the single lumen 15 cm jejunum prevents reflux to the esophagus. Postoperative examinations showed that this reconstruction method has satisfactory to excellent results.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cationic amino acid transporter-2 mRNA induction by tumor necrosis factor-alpha in vascular endothelial cells.

Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis may be coupled to the activity of the cellular L-arginine transporter, namely the cationic amino acid transporter. The present study examined tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced alterations in the gene expression of the cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) and NO production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In quiescent endothelial cells, CAT-1 mRNA expression, determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, was dominant to that of CAT-2. TNF-alpha (10 ng/ml for 1-24 h) induced a time-dependent increase in CAT-2 but not CAT-1 expression. Moreover, TNF-alpha (1-30 ng/ml) treatment for 6 h induced a concentration-dependent increase in CAT-2 mRNA expression. The upregulation of CAT-2 expression by TNF-alpha was associated with enhanced nitrite accumulation in the culture medium (70% increase compared with vehicle-treated cells at 24 h). Thus, induction of the cationic amino acid transporter may constitute one mechanism for the TNF-alpha-induced NO production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic↗
PubMed1997

Gene cloning and characterization of maleate cis-trans isomerase from Alcaligenes faecalis.

Maleate cis-trans isomerase, which catalyses the conversion of maleate to fumarate, was purified and characterized from Alcaligenes faecalis IFO13111. The molecular weight of maleate isomerase was estimated as 60 kDa, consisting of a 28 kDa dimer as shown by gel-filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE analysis. Kinetic studies showed that the Michaelis constant for maleate was 4.0 x 10(-5) M. The reverse reaction (fumarate to maleate) activity of the enzyme was detected even though it was quite weak. The maleate isomerase gene (maiA) was cloned by hybridization using the oligonucleotide DNA probes designed on the basis of the determined N-terminal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme. The determined DNA sequence of the maiA gene contains an open reading frame which encodes a 254-amino-acid sequence. The amino acid sequence of the maiA gene product shows no significant homology to any amino acid sequences in the protein data base.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1997

Nitric oxide mediates down regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha in brown adipocytes.

We previously reported that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)/cachectin suppresses lipoprotein lipase activity and its gene expression in brown adipocytes differentiated in culture. Recent evidence suggests that the effect of TNF-alpha over various cells is related to the enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO). The present study examined whether the suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on lipoprotein lipase activity is mediated by production of NO in the brown adipocytes. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay revealed that TNF-alpha caused a concentration- and time-dependent expression of inducible NO synthase in brown adipocytes. Increasing concentrations of TNF-alpha (0.5-50 ng/ml) for 24 h resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in lipoprotein lipase activity with reciprocal increase in nitrite production in the medium. The suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on lipoprotein lipase activity was significantly prevented by NO synthase inhibitors, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and aminoguanidine, but not by D-NAME, an inactive isomer. Furthermore, 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, cell permeant cGMP, suppressed lipoprotein lipase activity and 1 H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a selective inhibitor for soluble guanylate cyclase, restored the TNF-alpha-suppressed lipoprotein lipase activity. These results suggest that TNF-alpha stimulates brown adipocytes to express inducible NO synthase, followed by production of NO, which in turn mediates the suppressive effect of TNF-alpha on lipoprotein lipase activity. The effect of NO is mediated, at least partly, through production of cGMP.

Adipocytes↗
PubMed1997

Magnetic resonance imaging of reticulo-endothelial system in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by accelerated platelet destruction in the reticulo-endothelial system (RES). We performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to estimate the degree of activated RES. MRI was performed with a Gyroscan S-15 (1.5 tesla) in 7 healthy volunteers and 22 patients with ITP. The 22 patients included 19 who were at initial diagnosis or were nonresponders to the therapy (non-DX group), and 3 who were responders. For the non-DX group, the T1 relaxation time of the spleen was initially significantly shorter than for healthy volunteers, but normalized after responding to the therapy. The initially shorter T1 values of the spleen for ITP patients correlated with a low platelet count (P < 0.05). This condition may indicate foam cells or fatty components due to platelet destruction. There was no significant relationship between the sequestration in (111)In-scan and T1 values of the liver or spleen. However, MRI is a noninvasive method, and it may be a clinically useful tool in the evaluation of RES in patients with ITP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Activated eosinophils stimulate endothelin-1 release from airway epithelial cells by direct adherence via adhesion molecules.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1), synthesized in airway epithelial cells, has a potent constrictive action on airway smooth muscle. In this study, we investigated the effect of eosinophils on ET-1 release from guinea pig cultured tracheal epithelial cells. Eosinophils with or without the activation were directly co-cultured with tracheal epithelial cells. Eosinophils activated by GM/CSF or IL-5 potentiated ET-1 release, but non-activated ones did not. Treatment of activated eosinophils with antibodies against macrophage-1 (Mac-1) and/or very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) suppressed the potentiated ET-1 release. However, inhibition of lipid mediators derived from activated eosinophils could not suppress the potentiated ET-1 release. Moreover, separated co-culture of activated eosinophils with tracheal epithelial cells using Millicell-CM had no effect on ET-1 release. These observations suggest that adherence of activated eosinophils to epithelial cells via adhesion molecules such as Mac-1 and VLA-4 was essential for potentiation of ET-1 release. Since presence of eosinophils in the epithelial layer has been commonly demonstrated in bronchial biopsies and autopsy specimens from patients with asthma, epithelial cells would be activated by adherence of eosinophils via adhesion molecules and potentiate ET-1 release in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Expression of PCNA and p53 in esophageal dysplasia and esophageal carcinoma.

We examined the immunohistochemical expression of proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 proteins in dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma of the esophagus. Immunohistochemistry was performed with monoclonal antibodies directed against PCNA and p53. We used surgically resected specimens from 29 patients who had a total of 55 lesions of severe dysplasia (n = 16), intraepithelial carcinoma (n = 21), and mucosal carcinoma (n = 18). The mean PCNA index with immunoreactivity for p53 was 48.9 +/- 6.5 in areas of severe dysplasia (n = 7), 58.2 +/- 7.3 in areas of intraepithelial carcinoma (n = 10), and 71.4 +/- 9.3 in the invasive areas of mucosal carcinoma (n = 10). The mean PCNA index without immunoreactivity for p53 was 41.2 +/- 5.5 in areas of severe dysplasia (n = 9), 48.0 +/- 7.4 in areas of intraepithelial carcinoma (n = 11), and 63.7 +/- 9.1 in invasive areas of mucosal carcinoma (n = 8). The PCNA indices of the areas of severe dysplasia with immunoreactivity for p53 were significantly lower than those of intraepithelial carcinoma and mucosal carcinoma with immunoreactivity for p53. Similarly, the PCNA indices of severe dysplasia without immunoreactivity for p53 were significantly lower than those of intraepithelial carcinoma and mucosal carcinoma without immunoreactivity for p53. These results thus suggest that severe dysplasia has a lower proliferative potential than carcinoma and may therefore represent a precancerous lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas.

A case of lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) of the pancreas is presented. A 48-year-old man complaining of general fatigue was found to have a heterogeneous water-dense mass protruding from the surface of the pancreas on plain computed tomography (CT). Dynamic CT disclosed septa within the mass. Magnetic resonance imaging, (MRI) showed a hypointense mass on T1-weighted imaging, and a hyperintense mass on T2-weighted imaging. MRI with gadolinium enhancement revealed septa within the mass. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed septa and fine echogenic structures within the cystic echoic lesion. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography showed a normal duct system. Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed, with a suspected diagnosis of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Histopathologic examination disclosed LEC of the pancreas. Our case suggests that LEC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1997

Involvement of the alpha2-adrenergic system in polydipsia in schizophrenic patients: a pilot study.

Animal studies have suggested the involvement of the adrenergic system in drinking behavior. The present study investigated the involvement of the alpha2-adrenergic system in the polydipsia of patients with chronic schizophrenia by use of an alpha2 agonist and an antagonist. Four patients with schizophrenic disorders accompanied by intermittent hyponatremia and polydipsia were the subjects of, and completed, this study. Drinking behavior was assessed by calculating the percent of maximum weight gain [PMWG: (maximum diurnal weight - standard weight) x 100/standard weight]. Standard weight was defined as body weight after 8 h of water restriction. Clonidine (75, 150, and 225 mg/day) increased the PMWG in a dose-dependent manner in the four subjects. In contrast, in three of the subjects, mianserin (30, 60, and 90 mg/day) decreased PMWG, and the severe polydipsia disappeared almost completely. These findings indicate clearly that the alpha2-adrenergic system is involved in the drinking behavior of schizophrenic patients. Mianserin appears to be clinically useful in treating such patients with polydipsia.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗