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Biomedical subjects

Y Tsuji

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tsuji.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Normal age-related conversion of bone marrow in the mandible: MR imaging findings.

OBJECTIVE: The mandible is one of the most common sites for osteomyelitis and other marrow-based diseases. Therefore, knowledge of the normal patterns of marrow distribution could help evaluate marrow-based diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the age-related normal sequence of conversion from hematopoietic to fatty marrow in the mandible as depicted on MR images. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We prospectively reviewed T1-weighted MR images of the mandible for the distribution of hematopoietic and fatty marrow. Forty-five subjects 4 months to 25 years old with no known marrow abnormality were examined with the spin-echo technique. Marrow conversion was assessed in the condyle, ramus, angle, and body of the mandible using visual grading based on homogeneity, signal intensity, and a signal-intensity ratio determined by the intensities of the surrounding subcutaneous fat and air. RESULTS: Conversion of hematopoietic to fatty marrow occurred first in the mandibular body, followed by the angle, ramus, and finally the condyle. The marrow in the region distal to the ramus had almost fully converted to fatty marrow by the third decade of life, but the remaining regions contained some hematopoietic marrow. Further substantiating these results, the signal-intensity ratio increased up to about 90% in the angle and 70% in the ramus by the age of 10 years and then leveled off. On the other hand, the signal-intensity ratio in the condyle reached 60% by age 15 and remained unchanged for the following 10 years. CONCLUSION: The normal age-related conversion from hematopoietic to fatty marrow in the mandible follows a well-defined sequence, first seen in the mental region early in childhood, then in the body, the ramus, and finally the condyle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Preventive chemotherapy for residual liver after resection of hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer].

We compared 12 cases treated with intra-arterial chemotherapy (group A), with 15 cases only undergoing the usual hepatectomy (June 1991-February 1995). Six cases in group A were H1, 4 were H2, and 2 were H3; 12 cases in group B were H1, and 3 were H2. In both groups, primary lesions were removed. All cases received high-dose intermittent 5-FU infusion (WHF) at 1,000 mg/m2 via a reservoir for 5 hours a week at the outpatient clinic. Cumulative survival rates for 1 and 3 years are 100% and 68.6%, respectively, in group A, and 58.7% and 25.2% in group B, which indicates the treatment outcome in group A was significantly better. Recurrence in residual liver was not found in group A except for one case whose tumor was unremoved, but it was found in 8 cases (53.3%) in group B up to this writing. CEA value after resection in group A was within the normal range except for one case with a local recurrence. It seems that intra-arterial 5-FU infusion chemotherapy for residual liver after resection of hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer has a preventive effect on residual liver, and the improvement of the cumulative survival rate can be expected.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on anaemia after gastrectomy: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of recombinant human erythropoietin in reducing the need for homologous blood transfusion during operations by studying its effect on the recovery of postoperative anaemia. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: University hospital, Japan. SUBJECTS: 10 patients with gastric cancer undergoing distal gastrectomy. INTERVENTIONS: 5 Patients were given erythropoietin 200 IU/kg/day together with ferric pyrophosphate 40 mg/day intravenously for seven days before operation and 14 days afterwards, and 5 were given ferric pyrophosphate 40 mg/day alone (control group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, and white and red cell counts. RESULTS: There was no significant change in packed cell volume after the operation in the erythropoietin group, but in the control group it dropped from a mean (SD) of 0.378 (0.074) before operation to 0.329 (0.068) on day 1 (p < 0.05). Haemoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in the erythropoietin group than the control group on day 7 (mean (SD) 137 (14) compared with 110 (19) p < 0.05), and on day 10 (140 (9) compared with 108 (15) p < 0.01) after operation. CONCLUSION: Erythropoietin prevented postoperative anaemia after gastrectomy as judged by packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, and red cell count. Erythropoietin given before and after operation therefore has the potential to reduce the need for homologous blood transfusion during and after major operations.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Growth of human tumor xenografts on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo.

We evaluated the success rates of transplantation and growth conditions of 33 human tumor xenografts transplanted on the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos. Eleven out of 14 renal cell carcinomas (78.6%), 7 out of 9 urothelial carcinomas (77.8%), 2 out of 3 testicular tumors (66.7%), an adenocarcinoma of the colon and an adenocarcinoma of the ovary but none of the 5 prostatic carcinomas were transplanted successfully. Histologically, carcinoma cells survived on the chorioallantoic membrane forming organoids the structure of which was well preserved. Several regions of the grafts frequently became necrotized. However, the viability of carcinoma nests was not influenced by the inflammatory changes surrounding necrotic tissues. Renal cell carcinomas survived diffusely with prominent angiogenesis. Immunostaining with anti-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and Ki-67 monoclonal antibodies demonstrated a strong correlation between the %BrdU labeling index of the cancer cells on the chorioallantoic membrane and %Ki-67 index of the original tumors. No difference in %BrdU indexes was found between small and large cancer nests. Growth conditions remained constant for 8 days after inoculation. The growth potential of cancer nests surviving on the chorioallantoic membrane, which was identical to that of the original carcinomas, appeared to be unchanged during incubation. However, it might be difficult to exploit the chorioallantoic membrane for anticancer chemosensitivity tests except for renal cell carcinoma since few cancer cell nests were produced in spite of the high transplantation success rates.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on SY5555 dry syrup in children].

SY5555 is a new oral penem antibiotic. Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies using SY5555 dry syrup (powder which is dissolved before use) were performed in pediatric patients. 1. Pharmacokinetic investigation Peak plasma concentrations of SY5555 after dose of 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg were, respectively, 1.58 +/- 0.37 micrograms/ml, 2.78 +/- 0.54 micrograms/ml and 5.28 micrograms/ml at 1 hour. The average half-life with 5 mg/kg administration was 0.94 +/- 0.05 hours, that with 10 mg/kg was 1.46 +/- 0.31 hours and that with 15 mg/kg was 0.88 hours. 2. Clinical investigation Enrolled in the study were 15 patients including 5 with acute otitis media, 5 with urinary tract infections and 1 each with pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and subcutaneous abscess. Responses were excellent in 4 patients, good in 8 patients, fair in 2 patients and poor in 1 patient. In the assessment of the bacteriological efficacy, 8 out of 10 strains of organism identified previous to treatment were eradicated and 2 strains were unchanged, hence the eradication rate was 80.0%. 3. No adverse reactions attributable to the drug were observed and good drug compliance were obtained. From the above results, it has been concluded that SY5555 is a highly effective and safe agent for mild to moderate respiratory and urinary tract infections in children.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[A case of gastric cancer with multiple liver metastasis responding to combined therapy with UFT and mitomycin C].

A 66-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of anorexia and epigastric pain. Examination of the gastrointestinal tract revealed Borrmann III type gastric carcinoma, 5 cm x 5 cm in size, in the lesser curvature of the stomach. Multiple liver metastases were detected on abdominal computed tomography. In January 1993, she underwent subtotal gastrectomy as a palliative therapy. Pathological diagnosis of the resected specimen was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Two weeks after operation, administration of UFT (300-450 mg/day, orally) and mitomycin C (12 mg/three months, intravenously) was started. This chemotherapy had to be discontinued within six months because of its severe side effects, such as leukopenia and acral erythema. However, a marked reduction in the size of the metastatic liver tumors was observed on abdominal computed tomogram, and the patient is now (15 months after operation) alive without local recurrence or re-growth of liver metastatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Activation of eosinophils in the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis.

We studied the role of eosinophils as effector cells in the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis. In the active stage of this disease, the colonic mucosa exhibited infiltration of numerous eosinophils positive to the EG2 antibody, which reacts specifically with the secretory form of eosinophil cationic protein. Electron microscopic studies demonstrated that the eosinophils had specific granules in various stages of degranulation. Hence, it is strongly suggested that the eosinophils infiltrating the inflamed mucosa are activated and may induce tissue damage during the degranulation and release of this cationic protein. Changes in the levels of serum eosinophil cationic protein in 14 patients who remained for in long-term remission were studied. Four of these patients showed persistently high concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (equal to or greater than 30 micrograms/l) and persistently high percentage (mean, 30.2%) of hypodense eosinophils (specific gravity < 1.082) in the peripheral blood. Such findings were associated with mild active disease at colonoscopy. These features suggest that the activation of eosinophils is one of the factors that contribute to the chronic inflammation in ulcerative colitis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1995

[Outpatient chemotherapy with continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (CI 5-FU) and intravenous bolus leucovorin (IVB LV) in advanced gastrointestinal cancer: the second report].

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and quality of life (QOL) of outpatient chemotherapy with 5-FU and LV in advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Treatment consisted of CI 5-FU 450 mg/body/day, days 1-28, IVB LV 30 mg/body q wk (schedule, sch. A) and CI 5-FU 200 mg/m2/day, days 1-28, IVB LV 20 mg/m2 q wk (sch. B). 5-FU was administered with the Baxter infusor (0.5 ml/hr). Oral UFT (400-600 mg/day) was administered after these chemotherapy. Sixteen patients (pts) (sch. A 9 pts, sch. B 7 pts) with advanced gastrointestinal cancer have been treated to maintain the efficacy of prior inpatient chemotherapy. Twenty pts treated as adjuvant chemotherapy were added to evaluate toxicity and QOL. The median time to progression in sch. A was 3.0 months and sch. B was 2.4 months. Grade 3 or 4 toxicities of mucositis were seen 40% in sch. A and 0% in sch. B. Grade 1 or 2 skin toxicities were seen 100% in sch. A and 52% in sch. B. Mean score of QOL in sch. A was 78.0 +/- 11.5, sch. B was 89.5 +/- 7.8 ranked between inpatient chemotherapy (5-FU + CDDP 59.0 +/- 13.8) and UFT (91.8 +/- 6.1). In conclusion, these schedule of 5-FU and LV combination offers a high patient QOL and is suitable for advanced gastrointestinal cancer treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Identification and characterization of a sperm peptide antigen recognized by a monoclonal antisperm autoantibody derived from a vasectomized mouse.

A monoclonal autoantibody (MAb) to mouse sperm was established from a vasectomized mouse. The MAb, termed 4A11, reacted exclusively to mouse and rat live sperm tail, without any cross-reaction with sperm of other mammalian species or any somatic organ tissues in the mouse. MAb 4A11 significantly inhibited in vitro fertilization of mouse ova. Western blotting showed a single band of 67 kDa as the corresponding antigen protein of MAb 4A11. By screening a mouse testis cDNA library with MAb 4A11, one positive clone (964bp) was obtained. DNA sequence of the clone showed no homology with any previously reported mammalian genes, but showed 54% homology with a bacterial gene of sucrose-specific phosphotransferase enzyme II. The rabbit antisera raised to the recombinant protein of the 4A11 cDNA gene showed reaction to mouse, rat, hamster and guinea-pig sperm.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Prevalence of serum and salivary antibodies to HTLV-1 in Sjögren's syndrome.

There is accumulating evidence that human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection contributes to the development of various inflammatory disorders. To elucidate the relation between the infection and Sjögren's syndrome, seroepidemiological and virological studies were conducted on patients with this syndrome in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, an area heavily endemic for HTLV-1. The HTLV-1 seroprevalence rate among the patients with Sjögren's syndrome (17/74, 23%) was significantly higher than that among blood donors (916/27,284, 3%), whereas the difference between patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and blood donors was insignificant. Moreover, among Sjögren's syndrome patients the seroprevalence was high irrespective of age, unlike that among blood donors, which rose with age. Titres of serum antibodies in the HTLV-1 seropositive patients with Sjögren's syndrome were similar to those among patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and significantly higher than those among healthy carriers. IgM class antibodies were commonly detected in the serum of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. However, unlike that in HAM/TSP patients, the viral load in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells was not necessarily high in the seropositive Sjögren syndrome group. Salivary IgA antibodies to HTLV-1 were common among seropositive patients with Sjögren's syndrome (5/7), which might be due to increased viral activity in the salivary glands. These antibodies were barely detectable in HAM/TSP patients (prevalence 1/10) or in healthy carriers (0/11). The findings strongly suggest that HTLV-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease in a subset of patients with Sjögren's syndrome in endemic areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Studies of the neutral trisaccharides of goat (Capra hircus) colostrum and of the one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectra of 6'-N-acetylglucosaminyllactose.

Four neutral trisaccharides were isolated from goat colostrum by dialysis, and ion-exchange, activated charcoal column, preparative paper, and Bio-Gel P-4 column chromatography. The following structures were elucidated by GC analysis of hydrolysis products and by 400-MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy: alpha-L-Fuc p-(1-->2)-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc, alpha-D-Gal p- (1-->3)-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc, beta-D-Gal p-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc, and beta-D-Gal p-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc. beta-D-Glc pNAc-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc, previously reported to be present in goat milk, was not detected in this study. beta-D-Glc pNAc-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc (6'-N- acetylglucosaminyllactose) was prepared by beta-D-galactosidase digestion of beta-D-Gal p-(1-->3)[beta-D-Glc pNAc-(1-->6)]-beta-D-Gal p-(1-->4)-D-Glc (lacto-N-novotetraose) and characterized by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy at 600 MHz.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

HTLV-I proviral DNA in umbilical cord blood of babies born to carrier mothers.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in cord blood raises the possibility of intrauterine transmission as an alternative pathway to transmission via breast milk. However, none of 7 children with HTLV-I proviral DNA positive cord blood had seroconverted by 24-48 months. Contamination of cord blood by maternal blood was precluded on the basis of viral load and IgA concentration. Thus cord blood proviral DNA is not a hallmark of intrauterine infection. Moreover, none of the cord blood samples of 9 formula-fed children later confirmed to be infected was positive for HTLV-I, indicating that intrauterine infection is not a likely candidate as an alternative pathway.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1994

Chemical characterization of sialyl oligosaccharides isolated from tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) milk.

Two components of the sialyl oligosaccharides were separated from milk of the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Their molecular weights, estimated by gel filtration on HPLC using 5 mM triethylamine-acetate buffer (pH 5.0), were approx. 3,000. Their monosaccharide compositions, determined by GC analysis after methanolysis and by colorimetric assay, were (Glc)1(Gal)9(GlcNAc)2(Neu5Ac)1, and (Glc)1(Gal)8(GlcNAc)2(Neu5Ac)2. Their chemical structures were further elucidated by 1H-NMR and methylation analysis. The results suggest that their approximate structures are: [formula: see text]

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Case of 46,XX/47,XY, +21 chimerism in a newborn infant with ambiguous genitalia.

We describe whole-body chimerism in a newborn infant with small phallus, pseudo-vaginal perineal hypospadias, and a bifid scrotum containing gonads. The human testis determining factor gene (SRY) was detected by PCR amplification. GTG-banding chromosome analysis in peripheral blood lymphocytes and cultured fibroblasts derived from right cubital skin showed a 46,XX/47,XY, +21 karyotype. Their ratios in each cell line were 294:5 and 178:7, respectively. QFQ-banding chromosome analysis documented 3 heteromorphic satellites on trisomic chromosomes 21 in the 47,XY, +21 cell line and a homozygous satellite pattern in the 46,XX cell line. Heteromorphic patterns of chromosomes 4, 13, 14, and 22 were also different between the two cell lines. To our knowledge, such disomy/trisomy chimeras have not been described previously.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1994

A point mutation at ATP-binding region of the ALD gene in a family with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.

A prenatal diagnosis was performed in a family with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). A fetus was at high risk of suffering the disease by segregation analysis and by very long chain fatty acid-CoA synthetase activity assay. A transition (G to A) at codon 617 of the candidate ALD gene was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) based sequencing of the fetal liver RNA. The mutation was located in highly conserved ATP-binding site in this gene and deduced amino acid transversion R617H was thought to be the cause of ALD in this family.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Successful surgical treatment of a pseudoaneurysm after composite graft replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta: report of two cases.

Composite graft replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic valve has now become a safe surgical procedure; however, early and late complications still frequently occur. Anastomotic dehiscence after a composite graft replacement is one potentially lethal complication. We herein report two cases of a pseudoaneurysm caused by dehiscence of the right coronary anastomosis, and the proximal aortic anastomosis. A follow-up with an echocardiogram and computed tomography scan was found to be very useful and accurate. We thus successfully treated two cases of pseudoaneurysm using either Bentall's or Carbrol's procedures.

Adult↗