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Biomedical subjects

Y Tsuchida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tsuchida.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Oncogene amplification in human neuroblastomas].

N-myc, which has partial sequence homology to the oncogene c-myc, was isolated from human neuroblastoma cell lines. We have surveyed amplification of N-myc, clone 8 and pG21 in human neuroblastoma cell lines, xenografts and in primary tumors and found that amplification frequently occurred in tumors classified as stage III and IV. In situ hybridization studies demonstrated that in neuroblastomas, chromosome aberrations such as HSR (homogeneously staining region) and DMs (double minutes) are cytological manifestations of the amplification of these clones. The N-myc-related gene seems to contribute to cell growth or differentiation of the nerve cell and its amplification with enhanced expression promotes the progression of the tumor with poor prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Differences in the structure of alpha-fetoprotein and its clinical use in pediatric surgery.

Techniques have been studied which distinguish two variants of human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) on the basis of characteristics of the carbohydrate moiety of this glycoprotein. AFP in serum samples from six children with tumors of yolk sac origin showed little concanavalin-A (Con A) binding. In contrast, Con A binding of AFP was almost complete in serum samples from 14 other subjects with elevated AFP, including two with liver-cell tumors, eight with neonatal cholestasis, and four normal newborn infants. Differences were confirmed by immunoelectrophoretic studies. Thus, AFP from cells of yolk sac origin can be distinguished from AFP from liver cells or from tumors of hepatic cell origin.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1985

Radioimmunoassay development for human neuron-specific enolase: with some clinical results in lung cancers and neuroblastoma.

A double-antibody radioimmunoassay for human neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was developed, using rabbit antiserum against the gamma subunit of enolase purified from human brain. Intra-assay variance was 3.8-5.1% and inter-assay variance 4.3-7.3%, and recovery of NSE added to normal serum was 100.2% on average. Normal serum NSE levels for 451 adults ranged from 3.6 to 10.8 ng/ml (mean 6.6 ng/ml). Antibodies raised against the gamma gamma enolase isozyme did not cross-react with the alpha alpha and beta beta isozymes at concentrations of 1,000 ng/ml, but showed a cross-reactivity of 41.5% (theoretically 50%) with the alpha gamma isozyme. It was also shown that hemolysis of 160 mg/dl hemoglobin can add 5.73 ng/ml of NSE to the true level. The coefficient of correlation between the radioimmunoassay and the sandwich enzyme immunoassay [1] was 0.99 (n = 21), and values determined by the RIA were about twice those obtained by the EIA. Serum NSE was abnormally high in 42 of 52 patients (80.8%) with small cell lung carcinoma, and in all 38 children with neuroblastoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Chromosome findings in human neuroblastomas xenografted in nude mice.

Chromosomes were successfully studied in 8 of 9 human neuroblastomas (NBs) xenografted in nude mice. Structural abnormalities in the short arm of chromosome #1 were found in 6 of the 8 tumors; these included nonreciprocal translocations and simple deletions. The breakpoints were distributed between 1p11 and 1p34, and all of them had lost the terminal portion of 1p (1pter----1p34). Double minutes (DMs) and homogeneously staining regions (HSRs) were observed in 7 tumors; 6 had either DMs or HSRs, and one had some cells with DMs and other cells with HSR. Only one tumor had neither DMs, nor HSRs. Our study revealed that structural abnormalities in the NB xenografts were essentially the same as those in the NB cell lines and fresh tumors reported previously, and that DMs and HSRs were seen in most NB xenografts as frequently as in NB cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Neuron-specific enolase in neuroblastoma and other pediatric tumors: a comparative nude mouse and clinical investigation.

Neuron-specific enolase (gamma-subunit isozyme) in extracts of human neuroblastomas and other tumors in children was measured by means of a radio-immunoassay in order to elucidate the rationale for clinical determination of its serum concentrations in patients. Surgical specimens as well as tumors xenotransplanted in nude mice were studied. The neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentrations in extracts of xenografted and surgical neuroblastomas were 1,733.2 +/- 677.3 (range; 883-2,659) ng/mg protein and 1,735.3 +/- 941.1 (559-2,933) ng/mg protein, respectively, while other pediatric tumors examined showed much lower levels of NSE: 121.5 +/- 146.1 (22-374) ng/mg protein in xenografts and 17.7-610 ng/mg protein in surgical specimens. Sera of nude mice bearing human neuroblastomas also showed NSE concentrations ranging from 1,102 to 4,400 ng/ml, very much higher than those in sera of nude mice without tumors or with other pediatric tumors. These results tend to confirm the specificity of NSE for neuroblastoma, and the difference in NSE concentrations among five neuroblastoma xenografts is discussed in relation to their cytogenetic characteristics.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Stage IV-S neuroblastoma involving the liver and ectopic liver. Report of an unusual case.

Stage IV-S (special) neuroblastoma involving the liver and ectopic liver attached to the left adrenal gland of a 38-day-old girl was reported. At surgery, the ectopic liver with neuroblastoma metastases was excised, and the liver was biopsied. The histologic features of neuroblastoma involving hepatic tissue were quite similar in the liver and the ectopic liver. Eighteen months after surgery, the patient was doing well after treatment with less intensive chemotherapy. No similar case has been reported in the literature, and study of this case indicates that the hypothesis of fetal hematogenous metastasis proposed by Wieberdink does not suffice to explain the pathogenesis of extensive involvement of the liver in Stage IV-S neuroblastoma.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1984

High-resolution studies in patients with aniridia-Wilms tumor association, Wilms tumor or related congenital abnormalities.

We attempted to determine whether all cases of AWTA (anirida-Wilms tumor association) or any of the following groups of patients show 11p deletion: cases of Wilms tumor with congenital abnormalities other than aniridia, those without any congenital abnormalities, tumor itself in cases of Wilms tumor without constitutional 11p deletion and cases of aniridia or hemihypertrophy without Wilms tumor. We studied a total of 29 index patients including five cases of AWTA, four cases of Wilms tumor with various congenital abnormalities, 16 cases of Wilms tumor without other abnormalities, three cases of aniridia in one of which Wilms tumor developed later and a case of hemihypertrophy. In all five cases of AWTA and in a case of aniridia who later developed Wilms tumor, 11p deletion involving the p13 band was detected. The mother of the latter also showed an identical 11p deletion. The common segment of deletion was the middle part of the p13. Two possible hypotheses on the mechanism through which Wilms tumor might develop were evaluated, based on the distribution of break points. All other cases, including five with tumor culture, showed a normal karyotype.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ileocecal resection in neonates--a follow-up study.

From 1977 to 1982 ileocecal resection was done in five neonates admitted to our pediatric surgical units. The growth and development of these infants were examined and comparisons were made with age matched controls. Two who had undergone ileocecal resections had a slight diarrhea. Physical examination, hematology and blood chemistry, including serum levels of rapid turnover proteins, were all within the normal ranges. Significant differences between data on these patients and the controls were not noted. Our findings indicate that ileocecal resection with less extensive ileal resection can be done in neonates as an adequate nutrition is physiologically feasible.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1984

Nude mouse xenograft study for treatment of neuroblastoma: effects of chemotherapeutic agents and surgery on tumor growth and cell kinetics.

Four human neuroblastomas transplanted into nude mice were used for experimental chemotherapy and surgery, and the following results were obtained. Cyclophosphamide was the most effective for human neuroblastoma, cis-platinum being the second, among several chemotherapeutic drugs examined. Aclacinomycin A is more effective than Adriamycin. VM26 should be administered 48 to 72 hours after injection of cis-platinum, according to flow cytometric analysis. Flow cytometric analysis also disclosed that residual tumor grows most rapidly seven days after subtotal excision. However, chemotherapy is more effective in the postoperative period than it is in the preoperative period.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1984

Double termination of the alimentary tract in females: a report of 12 cases and a literature review.

Twelve female infants with double termination of the alimentary tract were reported. One patient had a high rectovaginal fistula, but in the other 11 cases the tract opened into the bowel uniformly at the level of the levator ani (anorectal-vestibular fistula). In these patients, diagnosis of the anatomical level of the fistula was made definitely with our radiological technique. Excision of not only the fistulous tract but also the anterior half of the rectum below the fistula is essential to achieve a cure without recurrence. The pathogenesis of this condition is discussed and the pertinent literature reviewed.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1984

Reoperation for biliary atresia after hepatic portoenterostomy--experience in 29 cases with a report on the longest survivor in Japan.

This communication reviews the experience with reoperations for correction of biliary atresia on 29 patients at the University of Tokyo Hospital since 1972, and discusses their value in the management of biliary atresia. It also includes a report on a patient who was treated by a repeated hepatic portoenterostomy in 1972 and has survived for more than ten years without jaundice.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1984

Structure of the sugar chain of alphafetoprotein purified from a human yolk sac tumor and its reactivity with concanavalin A.

We have attempted to determine the carbohydrate moiety of human alphafetoprotein (AFP) produced by a yolk sac tumor. AFP was obtained from the cystic fluid of human yolk sac tumors grown in nude mice and was purified using an immunoadsorbent column coupled with monoclonal anti-AFP antibody. Then, the carbohydrate chain of the purified AFP was quantitatively released from the polypeptide chain. The resulting oligosaccharide was labeled and, by sequential exoglycosidase digestion in combination with methylation analysis and periodate oxidation, the structure was determined to be: Sia alpha 2----6Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----2Man alpha 1----6 (GlcNAc beta 1----4) (Sia alpha 2----6Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----2Man alpha 1----3) Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4 (Fuc alpha 1----6) GlcNAcOT Compared with the known structure of the sugar, chain of human hepatic AFP, it was found that the sugar chain of yolk sac AFP contained an additional sugar, N-acetylglucosamine (bisect GlcNAc) linked to the beta-mannose. In the light of recent knowledge, this result indicates that the Concanavalin A (Con-A) binding site of the sugar chain is blocked by this GlcNAc in human yolk sac AFP. This fact forms the basis for the clinical use of the Con-A binding test to determine the origin of AFP in patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Surgical management of piriform sinus fistula.

Four cases of acute cervical abscess resulting from infection through the left piriform sinus fistula are described. The fistula seems to be related to the cause of infection in many of previously reported cases of acute suppurative thyroiditis or "recurrent lateral cervical fistula." Complete removal of the fistula is essential to a permanent cure, and the guide of a Fogarty catheter through the fistula is useful at operation for patients with repeated infection.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of advanced neuroblastoma with regimens containing cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum--effect and toxicity].

Ten children with advanced neuroblastoma were treated with regimens containing cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP-regimens). Six cases had been refractory or had evidenced inadequate response to previous chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin or vincristine, and radiotherapy. Clinical response was evaluable for 9 cases. Complete response was obtained in 2 cases, partial response in 2 cases, minor response in 2 cases, no change in 1 case and progressive disease in 2 cases. Six of these 9 cases had 2nd look surgery after several CDDP-regimens. Complete resection of tumor was possible in 1 case, subtotal resection in 4 cases and partial resection in 1 case. In an additional case whose clinical response was impossible because of absence of palpable tumor, the tumor had completely disappeared by the time of surgery. Three cases have survived for 5 months, 5 months and 28 months respectively without clinical evidence of tumor, 2 cases for 9 months and 12 months, respectively, with tumor. Four cases died of progressive tumor growth at 9 months, 10 months, 10 months, and 59 months, respectively. One case died of pneumonia at 10 months without clinical evidence of tumor. These results are far better than in our previous experience. Nephrotoxicity was observed in all cases, but it was tolerable in all cases including 3 heminephrectomized children. Hypomagnesemic, hypocalemic tetany was observed in 1 case. This complication was ameliorated by administration of magnesium gluconate. Mean +/- standard deviation of the lowest serum concentration of calcium and magnesium during this medication was 9.75 +/- 0.76 mg/dl and 1.39 +/- 0.44 mg/dl, respectively, against 7.56 +/- 1.64 mg/dl and 0.90 +/- 0.29 mg/dl without the medication, respectively. CDDP is concluded to be against neuroblastoma and its toxicity is tolerable. Magnesium gluconate administration is essential for prevention of tetany.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗