Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Torii.
A 23-year-old male patient with giant Meckel diverticulum containing enteroliths is presented. Computed tomography (CT) and sonography were useful for correctly suggesting the diagnosis. The unique manifestations of this rare lesion are described.
One hundred fourteen patients with sarcoidosis, who were diagnosed as having sarcoidosis histologically, have been typed for HLA class 1 (A, B, and C) and class 2 (DR and DQ) antigens. Controls consisted of 478 healthy Japanese subjects. The frequencies of HLA-A1, HLA-Bw46, HLA-Cx46, HLA-DRw8, HLA-DRw9, and HLA-DRw52 were significantly increased in sarcoidosis compared to control subjects, but only four patients were positive for HLA-A1. Increased frequencies of HLA-Bw46 and HLA-Cx46 were thought to be attributable to linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRw8. Patients with HLA-DRw52 were the most frequent (84 cases of 113). No significant differences were observed between HLA-DRw52-positive and HLA-DRw52-negative patients in their clinical features, but all of the patients with muscular involvement (six cases) were positive for HLA-DRw52. Among patients positive for HLA-DRw52, those with HLA-DR5 showed a significantly better clinical course and earlier onset of the disease than those with HLA-DRw8. These results suggest that HLA antigens may play an important role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.
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We investigated the roles of endogenous leukotrienes (LTs) and prostaglandins (PGs) in the healing of gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid in rats. The mucosal levels of LTB4 and sulfidopeptide LT at the ulcer edge had increased by one day after the induction of ulcers. AA-861, a selective inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, did not affect the ulcer healing. Indomethacin delayed the healing. Cimetidine did not affect this delay, but ornoprostil, a PGE1, derivative, prevented it. These results suggest that endogenous LTs are not related to the healing of gastric ulcers and that a deficiency in endogenous PGs may be involved in the persistence of gastric ulcers.
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The clinical efficacy and the safety of fluconazole as given at an intravenous dose of 100-400 mg daily were assessed in 7 patients with deep mycosis associated with hematological malignancy. Enrolled in the study were 1 patient with acute lymphatic leukemia, 1 with acute myelocytic leukemia, 2 with acute myelomonocytic leukemia, 2 with malignant lymphoma and 1 with myelodysplastic syndrome. Pathogens isolated from 4 patients were all Candida species including 2 Candida albicans, 1 Candida parapsilosis and 1 Candida krusei. Diagnoses of fungal infections of the patients were Candida pneumonia in 3 patients, candidemia in 1 and fungemia suggested in 3. Assessment of the clinical efficacy was made on 4 patients from whom pathogens were isolated. The global clinical improvement was good in 2 patients and fair in 1 with Candida pneumonia and good in 1 with candidemia. In the mycological assessment, pathogenic fungi were eradicated in 3 patients and decreased in 1 patient. No significant adverse reactions nor abnormality in clinical laboratory tests related with the dosing of fluconazole were observed in any of the patients.
A mandibular metastasis which appeared as the first symptom from a hepatocellular carcinoma is reported. Bone metastasis related to hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively infrequent. Even less frequent is the occurrence of a mandibular metastasis as a prior symptom of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this case, also, the metastatic lesion was detected as hypervascular mass on a CT scan, thus the nature of lesion was disclosed before a biopsy was performed.
Carious lesions are usually studied using light microscopy and/or microradiography which require preparation of thin sections. Backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BSEM) has received little attention although it provides information similar to that obtained with microradiographs, with the potential for higher resolution. Recently, microscopes have been introduced that can be used to study wet or nonconducting specimens, offering techniques for studying specimens without desiccation or preparation of thin sections. This investigation sought to determine if secondary carious lesions have the same characteristics when studied by microradiography as when using the "wet" BSEM mode. Microradiographs were made of thin sections from restored teeth with secondary caries induced in an artificial caries system. The thin sections were also studied by BSEM with a partial pressure in the specimen chamber to prevent specimen charging. Comparisons of the lesion size and shape were made using the two methods. Lesion depth measurements in enamel were the same; lesions that penetrated into dentin appeared to be of similar size and shape, but lesion depths measured by BSEM were slightly greater (paired t-test, p less than .05). This was a result of cracks at the carious enamel-dentin interface that probably developed during storage of the samples. Variations in the surface enamel rod structure and the development of subsurface lesions were apparent. Several zones were also apparent in the carious dentin, demonstrating loss of dentinal tubule detail in the depth of the lesion, collapse of tubules, and hypermineralized regions near the advancing front of the lesion. Several additional samples of natural carious teeth were examined. They demonstrated the characteristic structural features of the carious process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Class 5 preparations in human molars were restored with amalgam. In half of the restorations, an experimental resin liner capable of bonding amalgam to tooth structure was used. The restored teeth were incubated in a bacterial medium containing sucrose and a culture of Streptococcus mutans. Artificial carious lesions were produced around all restorations. The experimental liner inhibited penetration of the lesions along the cavity wall. This inhibition was more effective at the occlusal side.
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Subjects in a cefotaxime (CTX) single administration group and in a CTX + fosfomycin (FOM) administration group were randomly selected for a comparative study on the utility of each product against respiratory tract infections. Overall improvement rates were 81.3% in 32 cases of the CTX single administration group, and 75.6% in 41 cases of the CTX + FOM concomitant administration group. No statistical difference was observed. As for adverse reactions and abnormal laboratory test results, pyrexia, thrombocytopenia, increases in GOT and GPT, and increase in GPT were observed in 4 cases of the CTX single administration group, while angialgia, increases in GOT and GPT (3 cases), and increases in BUN, (totalling 5), were observed in the CTX + FOM group. However, all the symptoms were transient, and none was serious in nature.
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Radiation therapy combined with radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia was performed on 5 advanced cancer patients. Included were one each with urinary bladder cancer, hepatoma with left axillary node metastasis, breast cancer, tongue cancer with left cervical metastasis, and mandibular cancer. All had large tumours, which were judged to be uncontrollable by radiotherapy alone. They were treated with irradiation (Linac: 10 MV X-ray 1.8-2.0 Gy/day, 5 days/week), followed within an hour by RF hyperthermia once or twice a week. Partial response was obtained in the urinary bladder cancer patient. Surface overheating around the margin of electrodes occurred in all but no severe complications were observed.
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