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Biomedical subjects

Y Terai

Publications and source records attributed to Y Terai.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis in cervical cancer after preoperative chemotherapy.

The correlation between apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis in uterine cervical cancer treated by preoperative intraarterial infusion chemotherapy (IAC) was investigated. Cervical cancer samples surgically obtained from 12 patients (stages Ib-IIIb) receiving IAC and from 10 patients (stages Ib-IIb) receiving no chemotherapy and biopsy specimens from the 12 patients before IAC were examined. The apoptotic index (AI) was determined with an in situ end-labeling assay. Intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD) and thymidine phosphorylase (dThdPase) expression were evaluated immunohistochemically using anti-CD34 and anti-dThdPase antibodies. AIs were higher in the 8 patients with complete or partial response to IAC than they were in the 4 nonchemoresponsive patients and in the 10 patients who received no chemotherapy (P < 0.01) and were inversely related to IMVDs (r = 0.724; P < 0.01). AIs and IMVDs after IAC were higher and lower than those before IAC (P < 0.01), respectively. The expression of dThdPase, which has angiogenic activity, was markedly decreased after IAC. These results suggest that the antitumor effects of IAC are closely associated with apoptotic cell death, which may be influenced in part by the extent of tumor angiogenesis inhibition.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

SINE cousins: the 3'-end tails of the two oldest and distantly related families of SINEs are descended from the 3' ends of LINEs with the same genealogical origin.

AFC short interspersed elements (SINEs) were isolated from cichlids from Madagascar, the New World, and Africa and characterized. A new family of long interspersed elements (LINEs), designated the CiLINE2 family, was also isolated from African cichlids, and its consensus sequence was deduced. Upon aligning all of the consensus sequences, we found that the 3'-tail regions of the AFC SINEs and the CiLINE2 family were very similar, providing another example in which a reverse transcriptase responsible for retroposition of SINEs might be contributed in trans by a LINE. Sequence comparisons showed that CiLINE2 in cichlids was closely related to LINE2 in mammals. Furthermore, we found that the 3'-tail sequence shared by the AFC SINEs and CiLINE2 in cichlids was very similar to the 3'-tail sequence shared by the MIR SINEs and LINE2 in mammals, even though the remaining parts of the AFC SINEs and the MIR SINEs were totally different from each other. Thus, the present report not only describes a new pair of SINEs and LINEs with the same 3' tail in cichlids, but also provides a new example of the phenomenon whereby the 3' ends of LINEs with the same genealogical origin can be incorporated into the 3'-end tails of different families of SINEs that have been generated independently in two different lineages during evolution.

3' Flanking Region↗
PubMed1998

A novel family of short interspersed repetitive elements (SINEs) from cichlids: the patterns of insertion of SINEs at orthologous loci support the proposed monophyly of four major groups of cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika.

Short interspersed repetitive elements (SINEs) have been shown to be excellent markers of molecular phylogeny, since the integration of a SINE at a particular position in a genome can be considered an unambiguous derived homologous character. In the present study, we isolated a new family of SINEs from cichlids in Lake Tanganyika, whose speciation and diversification have been regarded as prime examples of explosive adaptive radiation. Members of this new SINE family, which we named the AFC family, are about 320 bp in length, and each has a tRNA-related region in its 5' region, as do most of the members of SINE families reported to date. A dot blot hybridization experiment showed that this family is distributed extensively in the genomes of cichlids in Africa, with estimated copy numbers of 2 x 10(3)-2 x 10(4) per haploid genome. Our investigations of the patterns of insertion of members of this family at six orthologous loci demonstrated clearly that four previously identified tribes, namely, the Lamprologini, Ectodini, Tropheini, and Perissodini, each form a monophyletic group. These results provide a basis for the elucidation of the phylogenetic framework of the cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of sex steroids and growth factors on invasive activity and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine sensitivity in ovarian adenocarcinoma OMC-3 cells.

Effects of sex steroids (estradiol-17 beta, E2; progesterone, Prog) and growth factors (epidermal growth factor, EGF; transforming growth factor-alpha, TGF-alpha) on invasive activity and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-dFUrd) sensitivity of ovarian adenocarcinoma OMC-3 cells were investigated. Tumor cell migration along a gradient of substratum-bound fibronectin and invasion into reconstituted basement membrane were inhibited by 10 microM Prog, but stimulated by 0.1-10 nM EGF and TGF-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner. E2 did not have any effect on tumor cell migration or invasion. The zymography of tumor conditioned medium showed that the treatment of OMC-3 cells with EGF and TGF-alpha resulted in increases of type IV collagenase, stromelysin and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). EGF and TGF-alpha up-regulated thymidine phosphorylase (dThdPase) expression of tumor cells and consequently enhanced the antiproliferative action of 5'-dFUrd, which is converted to 5-fluorouracil by dThdPase. E2 and Prog did not have significant effects on the expression of proteolytic enzymes and dThdPase, or on the 5'-dFUrd sensitivity of tumor cells. The inhibitory effect of Prog on tumor cell invasion may depend on its inhibitory action on the motility of tumor cells. These results suggest that EGF and TGF-alpha simultaneously up-regulate the potential of ovarian adenocarcinoma cells to invade extracellular matrices and their dThdPase expression, both of which are associated with the specific action of 5'-dFUrd selectively to kill tumor cells with high invasive and metastatic potential.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1997

Stimulatory effects of EGF and TGF-alpha on invasive activity and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine sensitivity in uterine cervical-carcinoma SKG-IIIb cells.

We investigated the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha on migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression of uterine cervical-carcinoma SKG-IIIb cells, and whether these growth factors affect pyrimidine-nucleoside-phosphorylase (PyNPase) activity and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-dFUrd) sensitivity of tumor cells. Tumor-cell migration along a gradient of substratum-bound fibronectin and invasion into reconstituted basement membrane were stimulated by 0.1 to 100 ng/ml of EGF and TGF-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner. The zymography of tumor-conditioned medium showed that the treatment of tumor cells with EGF and TGF-alpha resulted in an increase of the 92-kDa type-IV collagenase (MMP-9), which was confirmed by immunoblot analysis. These growth factors also up-regulated the expression of PyNPase activity of tumor cells and consequently enhanced the anti-proliferative action of 5'-dFUrd, a cytostatic that is biotransformed to 5-fluorouracil (5-FUra) by PyNPase. However, EGF and TGF-alpha did not have significant effects on the 5-FUra sensitivity of tumor cells. These results suggest that EGF and TGF-alpha, tumor environmental factors, simultaneously up-regulate the potential of uterine cervical-carcinoma cells to invade extracellular matrices and their PyNPase activity, which are subsequently associated with the specific action of 5'-dFUrd selectively killing tumor cells of gynecological origin with high invasive and metastatic potential.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1997

Grapevine berry inner necrosis, a new trichovirus: comparative studies with several known trichoviruses.

Biological, morphological and serological properties of grapevine berry inner necrosis virus (GINV), the casual virus of grapevine berry inner necrosis disease occurring in Japan, were compared with those of several known trichoviruses. Host range and particle length of GINV were quite similar to those of apple chlorotic leaf spot trichovirus (ACLSV). In ultrathin sections of the infected tissues, GINV particles existed in aggregated masses in the cytoplasm of vascular parenchyma and mesophyll cells. No virus specific inclusion bodies, such as pinwheels, viroplasmas or vesicles were observed. Serological relationships were not found between GINV and ACLSV, grapevine virus A or grapevine virus B. The cDNAs of the 3'-terminal region of the GINV genome were synthesized from poly (A)+RNAs extracted from infected tissues by PCR-selected cDNA subtraction and 3'-RACE PCR. The sequence of the 3'-terminal 2469 nucleotides contained three open reading frames (ORF) encoding a protein with the conserved motifs of RNA polymerase (ORF1), a 39 kDa putative movement protein (ORF2) and a 22 kDa protein (ORF3). The 22 kDa protein expressed in Escherichia coli reacted with antiserum against GINV, indicating that it is the coat protein of GINV. Polymerase and coat protein amino acid sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses with nine species of the genera Trichovirus and Capillovirus indicated that GINV is a new trichovirus relatively close to ACLSV.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Intraoperative blood salvage in abdominal uterine myomectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To study the safety and efficacy of intraoperative blood salvage in abdominal uterine myomectomy. METHOD: Thirty-seven patients with a clinical diagnosis of uterine myoma who underwent abdominal uterine myomectomy were treated with an intraoperative blood salvage apparatus, Cell Saver, and compared with the patients without autotransfusion. RESULT: Thirty-five patients received autologous blood transfusion alone and only two patients required additional homologous transfusion. The hemoglobin of processed and reinfused blood was proportional to the volume of intraoperative blood loss. There were no adverse reactions related to autologous transfusion. In the patients with more than 500 ml of blood loss, the mean blood loss volume in the Cell Saver group was higher than that in the control group, and the postoperative hemoglobin level was also higher. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative blood salvage was safe and certainly promising for patients with heavy blood loss during abdominal uterine myomectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Cloning of chalcone-flavanone isomerase cDNA from Pueraria lobata and its overexpression in Escherichia coli.

Chalcone-flavanone isomerase (CHI) cDNA was isolated from Pueraria lobata by combination of cDNA library screening using Phaseolus vulgaris CHI cDNA as a probe and polymerase chain reaction techniques. Analysis of nucleotide sequence of the cloned cDNA revealed a 675-bp open reading frame encoding a 225-amino-acid polypeptide with a molecular weight of 23,803 Da. The CHI cDNA coding region was cloned into pET-3d expression vector and successfully overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells as active CHI enzyme. The recombinant CHI was then purified to apparent homogeneity by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. Replacement of Cys-119 with Ala was carried out by site-directed mutagenesis and the result that the mutant CHI showed CHI enzyme activity confirmed that Cys-119 is not involved in the CHI catalytic active site.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

The 3' ends of tRNA-derived short interspersed repetitive elements are derived from the 3' ends of long interspersed repetitive elements.

Short interspersed repetitive elements (SINEs) are a type of retroposon, being members of a class of informational molecules that are amplified via cDNA intermediates and flow back into the host genome. In contrast to retroviruses and retrotransposons, SINEs do not encode the enzymes required for their amplification, such as reverse transcriptases, so they are presumed to borrow these enzymes from other sources. In the present study, we isolated a family of long interspersed repetitive elements (LINEs) from the turtle genome. The sequence of this family was found to be very similar to those of the avian CR1 family. To our surprise, the sequence at the 3' end of the LINE in the turtle genome was nearly identical to that of a family of tortoise SINEs. Since CR1-like LINEs are widespread in birds and in many other reptiles, including the turtle, and since the tortoise SINEs are only found in vertical-necked turtles, it seems possible that the sequence at the 3' end of the tortoise SINEs might have been generated by recombination with the CR1-like LINE in a common ancestor of vertical-necked turtles, after the divergence of side-necked turtles. We extended our observations to show that the 3'-end sequences of families of several tRNA-derived SINEs, such as the salmonid HpaI family, the tobacco TS family, and the salmon SmaI family, might have originated from the respective LINEs. Since it appears reasonable that the recognition sites of LINEs for reverse transcriptase are located within their 3'-end sequences, these results provide the basis for a general scheme for the mechanism by which SINEs might acquire retropositional activity. We propose here that tRNA-derived SINEs might have been generated by a recombination event in which a strong-stop DNA with a primer tRNA, which is an intermediate in the replication of certain retroviruses and long terminal repeat retrotransposons, was directly integrated at the 3' end of a LINE.

Alligators and Crocodiles↗
PubMed1996

[Reversal of portal-systemic encephalopathy by shunt-preserving disconnection of portal and systemic circulation].

Obliteration of portal-systemic shunts surgically or by interventional radiological techniques is fairly effective in reversing intractable portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE), but is often associated with ascites accumulation and/or formation of esophageal varices. This study reports four patients with incapacitating PSE who were treated by interventional radiological techniques via percutaneous transhepatic route. One case had the shunt embolized directly. In the other three the blockage was placed on the proximal part of the splenic vein, whereby disconnecting the mesenteric-portal blood flow from the systemic circulation while preserving the shunt. The patient of shunt closure showed transient correction of encephalopathy, but developed massive ascites and esophageal varices, encephalopathy recurred, resulting in death from hepatic failure two months after the procedure. In the cases of shunt-preserving disconnection of portal and systemic circulation (SPDPS) immediate and permanent clearing of encephalopathy was achieved without manifestation of ascites or esophageal varices during the follow-up period of 10 to 31 months. The difference of portal pressure between before and after the procedure was 18 mmHg in the shunt-closed patient and 3 mmHg in SPDPS group. We conclude from this limited experience that SPDPS can be an effective and safe method in treating PSE in adequately selected patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case of pancreatic pseudocyst with intracystic hemorrhage and repeated gastrointestinal bleeding].

The case is a 83-year-old woman who came to our hospital with melena and epigastralgia as chief complaints, presenting pre-shock state with high serum amylase value. ERP revealed diffuse dilatation of pancreatic duct and cyst of the accessory pancreatic duct. Endoscopy showed hemorrhage of the accessory papilla. A diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and hemosuccus pancreaticus was made. Because of the patient's advanced age, conservative treatment (total parenchymal nutrition, transfusion, hemostatics, etc.) were prescribed. The patient succumbed due to heart failure 15 months later. This case of gastrointestinal bleeding from a pancreatic pseudocyst due to neighboring arterial rupture is discussed with reference to some related literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Meningeal hamartoma of the scalp. A variant of primary cutaneous meningioma.

A case of meningeal hamartoma of the scalp is reported. A 15-year-old girl was admitted complaining of scalp nodules in the midline occipital region. A midline skull defect was found under the nodular lesions. Histologically, the mass had a fibrocollagenous tract extending to the dura and showed an admixture of mature adipose tissue, small vessels, strands of fibrocollagenous tissue, and scattered foci of meningocytes. Immunohistochemically, the meningocytes desmosomes, interdigitating processes, and intermediate filaments. The patient's brother also had the meningeal hamartoma of the scalp. Meningeal hamartoma as a variant of primary cutaneous meningioma is extremely rare, and this is the first report of such a case in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Direct thrombosis of aneurysms with cellulose acetate polymer. Part II: Preliminary clinical experience.

The authors report the treatment of seven intracranial aneurysms in six patients with direct infusion of cellulose acetate polymer solution, a new liquid thrombotic material. These aneurysms were considered inoperable because of their size or location, or because of the patient's neurological condition. This material avoids the difficulties associated with balloon occlusion, and completely fills even irregularly shaped aneurysms. Cellulose acetate polymer solution hardens in about 5 minutes and remains solid once inside the aneurysm. Because this technique is less invasive than surgery, it can be used for high-risk patients in the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Transient motor aphasia occurred in one patient. A small residual neck, which caused rebleeding 3 months after the treatment, remained in another patient. This article describes the new material, the procedure for direct thrombosis, and preliminary clinical results.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Unbranched-site aneurysm of intracranial internal carotid artery].

Most intracranial saccular aneurysms arise from the angle between a parent vessel and an arterial branch. Saccular aneurysms without relation to any arterial branch are rare. During the last 24 years, 210 patients with intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms were directly operated on at our institution. We found eight saccular aneurysms arising from intracranial ICA without relation to any arterial branch. So we call them unbranched-site aneurysms of intracranial ICA, and describe their unique characteristics. Of the eight cases with unbranched-site aneurysm of intracranial ICA, three were men and five were women. The age ranged from 31 to 61 years with an average age of 48. Seven cases suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured unbranched-site aneurysm, and the other case had been admitted to our department because of accompanying ruptured left internal carotid-posterior communicating aneurysm. All cases of unbranched-site aneurysm presented intraoperative and/or angiographic findings of arteriosclerosis, and five of the patients had a past history of hypertension. Of the four unbranched-site aneurysms at the C2 portion of ICA, two arose from the lateral wall, one arose from the superior wall and the other arose from the infero-lateral wall of ICA. Of the four unbranched-site aneurysms at the C1 portion of ICA, three arose from the superior wall and the other arose from the supero-medial wall of ICA. Radical operation was performed in all cases and intraoperative rupture occurred in two cases. It was suggested that arteriosclerotic change in the arterial wall, and local hemodynamic stress played important roles in the development of unbranched-site aneurysms of intracranial ICA.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Direct embolization with occluding spring embolus for large aneurysm and carotid-cavernous fistula].

The authors describe a technique using occluding spring emboli for direct obliteration of an unclippable large aneurysm, and carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) which failed to be occluded by transarterial and transvenous approaches. Case 1: This 44 year-old man had a history of head trauma 30 years ago. He was admitted to our department on October 16, 1989, because of an aneurysm incidentally found by a CT scan taken for the examination of his vertigo. Angiograms revealed a large aneurysm at the C3 portion of the right internal carotid artery. A right frontal craniotomy was performed on November 2, 1989, but neck clipping of the aneurysm was impossible, because it was a pseudoaneurysm with quite a fragile neck. Subsequently, fourteen occluding spring emboli were inserted into the aneurysm through a polyethylene catheter directly into the aneurysmal dome. Postoperative angiograms showed almost complete obliteration of the aneurysm with good preservation of the parent artery. Case 2: This 26 year-old woman without a history of head trauma was admitted to our department on May 10, 1989, complaining of right conjunctival injection and exophthalmos. Angiograms revealed a spontaneous CCF which had a single orifice at the C4 portion of the right internal carotid artery and drained through the superior ophthalmic vein and inferior petrosal sinus. Initially, transarterial and transvenous approaches were tried, but the attempts were unsuccessful. Subsequently, a right frontotemporal craniotomy was performed on August 8, 1989, and 27 occluding spring emboli were placed into the cavernous sinus through a polyethylene catheter which had been inserted directly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hop stunt viroid strains from dapple fruit disease of plum and peach in Japan.

Viroids have been isolated from plum trees (Prunus salicina Lindley) affected with plum dapple fruit disease and from peach trees (Prunus persica Batsch) showing dapple fruit symptoms. The viroids were inoculated mechanically to cucurbitaceous plants, in which symptoms typical of hop stunt viroid (HSV) infection appeared. The complete nucleotide sequences of an isolate from plum and an isolate from peach (AF isolate) were shown to be identical, consisting of 297 nucleotides with a 93.6% sequence homology to HSV-hop. Another isolate from peach (A9 isolate) also consists of 297 nucleotides, but the sequence homology to HSV-hop is 99.7%, showing only one nucleotide replacement. These results indicate that these three viroids are strains of HSV, which we designate HSV-plum, HSV-peach (AF) and HSV-peach (A9), respectively. Comparative analysis of the nucleotide sequences of HSV strains from hop, grapevine, citrus, cucumber, plum and peach revealed variable and conserved regions in the HSV molecule. In Japan, these viroids are closely related not only to dapple fruit disease in plum cv. Taiyo, but also to dapple fruit symptoms on peach cv. Asama-Hakutou.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Extracranial surgery of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Reconstruction of the vertebral artery in the distal first portion].

Fourteen patients with symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by vertebral artery stenosis in the distal first portion underwent surgical reconstruction. They ranged in age between 42 and 73 years, with a median age of 57 years. Their symptoms included vertigo, dysarthria, syncope, hemiparesis, and homonymous quadrant anopsia. The etiologies of the stenoses involved kinking in 12 cases and mechanical compression due to cervical sympathetic nerve, osteophyte, or fibrous bands in two cases. Digital subtraction angiography revealed that stenosis was maximal at systole and minimal at diastole in six of eight cases. In two of the 14 cases, stenosis was not demonstrated in the neutral position, but stenosis of the left vertebral artery appeared when the head was rotated to the right. Surgical procedures involved 13 decompressions of the vertebral artery and one subclavian artery-vertebral artery bypass using the saphenous vein. Postoperatively, 12 cases of miosis and one of asymptomatic phrenic nerve palsy were observed, but there were no serious complications. All but two patients had complete resolution of their symptoms. Stenosis due to kinking and/or mechanical compression disappeared in all cases after decompression of the vertebral artery. The effects of arterial pulse and neck rotation on vertebral artery stenosis in the distal first portion are discussed.

Adult↗