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Y Tashiro

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tashiro.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Necessity of adjuvant therapy after radical mastectomy based on a study of patients with negative nodes, who have recurrent breast cancer].

The status of the regional lymph nodes influences the prognosis of women with breast cancer who have received a radical mastectomy. To investigate the characteristics of patients with negative nodes who have had a recurrent breast cancer, a statistical study has been carried out involving 279 women who had received a radical mastectomy in our hospital from July 1970 to October 1986. From this study we conclude that systemic adjuvant therapy after radical mastectomy is necessary for patients with negative nodes who have had a breast cancer greater than 2.1 cm (T2) in diameter or a solid-tubular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase are degraded in the autolysosomes in rat liver.

We have investigated the degradation in rat liver of two typical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane proteins, phenobarbital (PB)-inducible cytochrome P-450 (P-450[PB]) and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase (FP2). Autolysosomes, almost completely free from contamination by the other organelles such as ER, were prepared from leupeptin-treated rat livers according to the method of Furuno et al. (Furuno, K., T. Ishikawa, and K. Kato, 1982, J. Biochem., 91:1943-1950). Quantitative immunoblot analysis showed that these two proteins were found in large amounts in the autolysosomes regardless of PB treatment. The specific content of P-450 (PB) in the autolysosomes changed along with that in the microsomes during and after PB treatment, whereas hardly any P-450(PB) was detected in the cytosol fraction throughout the experiment. We also found a marked increase in the autolysosomal proteins 3 d after cessation of PB treatment when microsomal proteins are degraded most rapidly. Ferritin immunoelectron microscopy revealed directly that when the limiting membranes of the premature autolysosomes were partially broken the smooth vesicles segregated within the autolysosomes were heavily stained with ferritin anti-P-450(PB) conjugates. Thus, for the first time, we could present convincing evidence that P-450(PB) and FP2 are segregated to be degraded in the autolysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Solubilization, purification, and characterization of (H+, K+)ATPase from hog gastric microsomes.

The (H+,K+)ATPase-enriched microsomal fraction prepared from hog gastric mucosa by sucrose density gradient centrifugation was effectively solubilized with Emulgen, with apparent preservation of the enzyme activity, and then the ATPase was highly purified by polyethylene glycol fractionation, and Blue Sepharose CL-6B and amino-hexyl Sepharose chromatographies. The purified enzyme showed a single band, with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 94 kDa, on SDS-PAGE, and exhibited both K+-ATPase and K+-stimulated-p-nitrophenyl phosphatase (pNPPase) activities. The optimum pH for the ATPase activity was 7.0. Amino acid analysis of the purified enzyme showed that it contains a large amount of hydrophobic amino acid (42%) and a small amount of glucosamine and galactosamine. The rabbit antibody monospecific for the ATPase, in the Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion and Western blotting tests, markedly inhibited both the K+-ATPase and K+-pNPPase activities.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1987

Quantitative immunoelectron microscopic localization of (Na+,K+)ATPase on rat exocrine pancreatic cells.

Distribution of (Na+,K+)ATPase in rat exocrine pancreatic cells was investigated quantitatively by immunoelectron microscopy using the post-embedding protein A-gold technique. We found that in acinar and duct cells (Na+,K+)ATPase exists on both the luminal and the basolateral surfaces, with higher particle density on the luminal surface (4.4 times in the acinar cells and 5.6 times in the duct cells). According to Bolender (J Cell Biol 61:269, 1974), the luminal surface represents only 5% of the total cell surface of an average pancreatic acinar cell. It is roughly estimated, therefore, that approximately 80% of the plasma membrane (Na+,K+)ATPase in the acinar cells exists on the basolateral surface. When the acinar and duct cells were compared, more than twice as many particles were found on acinar cells than on duct cells. The enzyme existed on all the cell surfaces, preferentially on the microvilli or on the cell membrane folds, and no clustering was detected. We suggest that the (Na+,K+)ATPase on the basolateral surface is mainly responsible for the extrusion of a large number of sodium ions that are incorporated into the cytoplasm accompanying the secondary active transport of various organic substances and inorganic ions, whereas that on the luminal surface is responsible for active extrusion of sodium ions that are partially responsible for the fluid secretion of the pancreatic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Quantitative immunoelectron microscopic localization of (Na+,K+)ATPase in rat parotid gland.

Distribution of (Na+,K+)ATPase on the cell membranes of acinar and duct cells of rat parotid gland was investigated quantitatively by immunoelectron microscopy using the post-embedding protein A-gold technique. In acinar cells, ATPase was localized predominantly on the basolateral plasma membranes. A small but significant amount of (Na+,K+)ATPase was, however, detected on the luminal plasma membranes, especially on the microvillar region of the acinar cells; the surface density on the luminal membrane was approximately one third of that on the basolateral membranes. In duct cells, many gold particles were found on the basolateral membrane, especially along the basal infoldings of the plasma membranes, whereas no significant gold particles were found on the luminal plasma membranes, suggesting unilateral distribution of ATPase in duct cells. We suggest that in acinar cells sodium ion is not only transported paracellularly but is also actively transported intracellularly into the luminal space by the (Na+,K+)ATPase located on the luminal plasma membranes, and that water is passively transported to the luminal space to form a plasma-like isotonic primary saliva, while in the duct cells the same ion is selectively re-absorbed intracellularly by (Na+,K+)ATPase found in abundance along the many infoldings of the basal plasma membranes, thus producing the hypotonic saliva.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of dopamine beta-hydroxylase and chromogranin A in adrenomedullary chromaffin cells.

Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) was purified from bovine adrenal medullae. Rabbit IgG raised against DBH inhibited its activity by 80%. In an immunoblot analysis, the IgG specifically recognized two subunits of DBH the 72 and 75 KD components. Chromogranin A (CGA) also was purified from bovine adrenal medullae, and rabbit IgG against CGA recognized this chromogranin A in the immunoblot analysis. The intracellular distribution of DBH and CGA in bovine chromaffin cells was determined quantitatively by immunoelectron microscopy using post-embedding protein A-gold technique. DBH and CGA were localized exclusively on chromaffin granules. The binding of gold particles to these granules was saturable. The maximum number of gold particles bound to the granules roughly corresponded to the number of DBH or CGA molecules in the granules estimated biochemically. DBH was observed evenly in the periphery and in the dense matrix of the chromaffin granules.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of tamoxifen on the treatment of pituitary adenomas with bromocriptine].

Administration of 2-Br- alpha-ergocryptine (bromocriptine = CB-154) in combination with an estrogen-receptor blocking agent tamoxifen were performed in two patients with prolactinoma and non-functioning adenoma, respectively. Case 1 was a 50-year-old male with hyperprolactinemia, impaired pituitary function and visual disorders, in whom a large invasive sellar mass lesion was disclosed by CT scans, which extended supra- and parasellarly and extracranially into paranasal sinuses and pterygopalatine fossa on the left side. As the effect of bromocriptine therapy was partial in tumor size reduction and decrease of serum PRL level and it could not be gained further improvement except for the well recovered visual acuity, tamoxifen was used together with bromocriptine resulting further reduction of tumor size and normalization of serum PRL level. Unexpectedly the medication was ceased during and after a couple of bypass surgery for angina pectoris, and it was followed by elevation of serum PRL level and regrowth of the sellar tumor as well as impairment of vision. By tamoxifen therapy the visual acuity showed some improvement, but the serum PRL level and the tumor size remained as before. Then the combination therapy with bromocriptine and tamoxifen was started again. Case 2 was a 38-year-old female with three children, who had secondary amenorrhea, galactorrhea, borderline level of serum PRL with impaired pituitary function and visual disorders. Under the diagnosis of a non-functioning pituitary adenoma with supra-sellar extension, a craniotomy was done and intracapsular partial removal of the tumor was made, revealing a chromophobe adenoma in light microscopy and undifferentiated cell adenoma in electron-micrographs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Simultaneous determination of codeine and chlorpheniramine in human plasma by capillary column gas chromatography.

A specific and highly sensitive capillary column gas chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of codeine and chlorpheniramine in human plasma. The method involves a solvent extraction and analysis by capillary column gas chromatography on a cross-linked 50% phenylmethyl silicone fused-silica capillary column with flame thermionic detection. A 10% solution of n-butanol in toluene was used as extraction medium and pyrilamine was used as internal standard. Reproducibility, linearity of calibration curves and specificity were all satisfactory with both drugs. The plasma concentration of codeine and chlorpheniramine could be measured at levels down to 0.9 ng/ml as codeine phosphate and 0.4 ng/ml as chlorpheniramine maleate, respectively. The method was applied to plasma samples from normal volunteers, and was confirmed to be adequate for biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Association of ferrochelatase with Complex I in bovine heart mitochondria.

The location of ferrochelatase in bovine heart mitochondria has been studied. When the mitochondria were fractionated into Complexes I, II and III, ferrochelatase activity was only found in Complex I. Complex I also showed heme synthesis from ferric ion in the presence of NADH as an electron donor. Immunoblot experiments confirmed the presence of ferrochelatase in Complex I, but not in Complexes II or III. Some phospholipids, including phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin, stimulated NADH-dependent heme synthesis from ferric ion. When purified ferrochelatase was incubated with the low molecular weight form of NADH dehydrogenase prepared from Complex I, heme synthesis from ferric ion occurred by the addition of NADH. FMN markedly elevated the synthesis. These results indicate that ferrous ion is produced by NADH oxidation in Complex I and is then utilized for heme synthesis by ferrochelatase.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Amino acid sequence of cyanogen bromide fragments of potato phosphorylase.

Amino acid sequence analysis of the cyanogen bromide peptides of potato alpha-glucan phosphorylase was undertaken for comparison with rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase and for elucidation of the structural bases for the differences in the catalytic and regulatory properties between the animal and plant enzymes. The potato enzyme was carboxymethylated and cleaved with cyanogen bromide. The 17 distinct fragments produced were isolated by a combination of gel filtration, sulfopropyl ion exchange chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular weights of these fragments are distributed in a range of 300 to 30,000. Fragment CI has a blocked amino terminus, and has the same amino acid sequence as CII, which has been assigned as the amino-terminal fragment of potato phosphorylase. The blocking group was deduced to be an acetyl group from the results of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of an amino-terminal pentapeptide. This paper describes the sequence determination of all the cyanogen bromide fragments of potato phosphorylase. The complete structure is presented in the following paper (Nakano, K., and Fukui, T. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 8230-8236).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Small cell carcinoma (non-oat cell type) of the esophagus concomitant with invasive squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ. A case report.

A case of double primary invasive carcinoma of the esophagus, consisting of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and non-oat cell small cell carcinoma without squamous differentiation, is presented. This is the first reported case of a double or multiple primary invasive carcinoma of the esophagus in which one component is small cell carcinoma (oat cell or non-oat cell). Furthermore, the mucosal epithelium around the non-oat cell small cell carcinoma revealed multiple dysplasia and carcinoma in situ. These lesions were definitely separated from the invasive carcinoma and from each other. The results suggest that pure non-oat cell small cell carcinoma of the esophagus without squamous differentiation is derived from the esophageal squamous epithelium, and is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Three molecular forms of a rat asialoglycoprotein receptor.

It has been reported that a rat asialoglycoprotein receptor is composed of three polypeptide chains with molecular masses of 43, 54, and 64 kilodaltons (43, 54, and 64-Kd forms) and that the first has a different primary structure from the latter two forms. Incorporation of [3H]leucine into these forms showed that no precursor-product relationship is found between the 54-Kd and 64-Kd forms. The half-life of the 43-Kd form (25 h) was shorter than those of the 54-Kd and 64-Kd forms (66 and 70 h, respectively). Glycopeptides of the three forms were prepared from rat livers previously labeled in vivo with [3H]glucosamine. Gel filtration analysis of the glycopeptides before and after endo H treatment revealed that they were all resistant to endo H. Alkali treatment did not change the elution position appreciately. These results indicate that the three molecular forms contained only complex oligosaccharide chains. The receptor was prepared from rat livers previously treated with tunicamycin in vivo and subjected to SDS-PAGE. A distinct band with a molecular mass of 33 Kd was observed. The receptor was also immunoprecipitated from rat hepatocytes in primary culture previously labeled with [35S]methionine and analysed by SDS-PAGE and fluorography. In addition to the major 43-Kd form, a band with a molecular mass of 41 Kd was found and tunicamycin treatment gave rise to a 33-Kd component, which is in good agreement with the receptor purified from tunicamycin treated rats. It is suggested that the 43-Kd form is synthesized as a 33 Kd polypeptide, cotranslationally glycosylated to form the 41 Kd component and then processed to the final 43-Kd form. We also think that the 43-Kd form could bind to asialoorosomucoid-Sepharose 4B without its carbohydrate chains.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Biosynthesis and secretion of amyloid P component in rat liver.

Amyloid P component was isolated from rat liver and serum; its properties, biosynthesis, and glycosylation in the liver were investigated. The molecular weights of intracellular and serum amyloid P component were estimated to be 28,000 and 30,500, respectively. The two forms were immunologically identical, and kinetic study revealed a clear precursor-product relationship between them. The total mRNA was prepared from rat liver with or without turpentine treatment, and the RNA content of amyloid P component was estimated by the incorporation of [35S]methionine into the in vitro translation products. The turpentine treatment induced a marked increase in the level of translatable mRNA of the amyloid P component (approximately 46 fold), while the serum level of the protein elevated only moderately (approximately 1.7 fold). Most of the intracellular amyloid P component was sensitive to endo H. Various subcellular fractions were prepared from rat livers previously labeled in vivo with [35S]methionine. The protein prepared from the rough and smooth microsomes and heavy Golgi fraction were all sensitive to endo H, whereas that from the light Golgi fraction was a mixture of forms sensitive to and resistant to endo H. This result suggests that the processing of the mannosyl oligosaccharide chains and the subsequent addition of terminal sugars to convert the liver amyloid P component (28,000 daltons) to serum counterpart (30,500 daltons) were performed in the trans-Golgi region just before secretion of the amyloid P component.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1986

Primary band-shaped spheroidal degeneration of the cornea: three cases from two consanguineous families.

Three cases of primary band-shaped spheroidal degeneration of the cornea from two consanguineous families are reported. In all cases vision deteriorated slowly, the deterioration beginning in childhood. Photophobia in childhood was also a common symptom, and two patients suffered from intermittent painful sensations. The occupational and environmental histories had no bearing on the cases. Histochemical study of the yellow, oily appearing deposits suggested that this material has a complex composition, with staining characteristics of both protein and acid-fast lipid.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Quantitative immunoferritin localization of leucine aminopeptidase on canine hepatocyte cell surface.

Rabbit monospecific antibody against canine kidney leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) (EC.3.4.11.2) specifically immunoprecipitated kidney and also liver LAP activity from corresponding plasma membrane preparations previously solubilized with Triton X-100. Immunological specificity of the antibody was also shown by immunoblotting of LAP from canine and rat liver plasma membranes and by electrophoretic analyses of the precursor forms in MDCK cells. Canine liver was pre-fixed by perfusion with 0.6% glutaraldehyde and the dissociated liver cells were prepared without losing their polarized structure (22). They were incubated with ferritin antibody conjugates against canine kidney LAP at the saturation level, and the distribution of ferritin particles on the three surface domains of the hepatocytes was investigated quantitatively by counting ferritin particles on the cross-sectional profiles of these surfaces. Our analysis clearly indicated that LAP exists only on the bile canalicular surface, and no significant number of ferritin particles was detected either on the sinusoidal front or on the lateral surface. Ferritin particles were distributed homogeneously both on the microvillar and intermicrovillar regions. All the bile canalicular surface domains of all the hepatocytes were heavily labeled with ferritin particles, without exception.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The (Na+, K+)ATPase of rat kidney: purification, biosynthesis, and processing.

(Na+, K+)ATPase was purified from rat renal outer medulla by concanavalin A- and wheat germ agglutinin-lectin Sepharose affinity chromatographies. The antibody, which was raised in rabbits, markedly inhibited ATPase activity. The monospecificity of this antibody was assayed by the Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion and Western blotting tests. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-rich, and Golgi-rich subfractions were prepared from the rat kidney microsomal fraction by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. On the immunoblot, the molecular weight of the alpha subunit in both fractions was 95 kilodalton (Kd); whereas, that of the beta subunit was 50 Kd in the ER-rich fraction and 54 Kd in the Golgi-rich fraction. When treated with endoglucosidase H, the 50 Kd component was converted to 38 Kd, but the 54 Kd component was endoglucosidase H resistant. These results suggest that the beta subunit (38 Kd) is glycosylated cotranslationally in the ER (50 Kd) then is converted to the mature type subunit (54 Kd) in the Golgi apparatus.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Intracranial and orbital cavernous angiomas. A review of 30 cases.

The authors review 30 documented cases of intracranial and orbital cavernous angiomas treated at their institution between 1965 and 1984. The diagnosis was based on computerized tomography (CT) or surgery; three patients were treated in the pre-CT era (1965 to 1976) and 27 since the advent of CT. The number of cases diagnosed preoperatively markedly increased after the introduction of CT, and 22 cases were verified histopathologically at surgery. Six cases were in children (aged 2 months to 17 years) and 24 in adults (aged 19 to 73 years). There was no significant sex difference (male:female ratio was 14:16). Nineteen lesions were intraparenchymal, five were intraventricular, three were in the middle fossa, two were intraorbital, and one originated from the tentorium. Symptoms varied according to the site of the lesion; hemorrhage occurred in 11 cases. Calcifications were seen on CT scans in all cases, but on plain skull films in only two. Angiography revealed hypovascular masses in all cases excluding those with lesions in the middle fossa; in two cases, tumor stain could be detected only with prolonged-injection angiography. Radionuclide brain scanning showed a dense hot area in eight of 19 patients. Recent experience has shown that magnetic resonance imaging clarified anatomic relationships that were obscure on CT. The overall outcome was favorable except for one patient who died in the postoperative period. The clinical results in this series are summarized and some diagnostic and therapeutic problems are discussed.

Adolescent↗