Physical and genetic mapping of bovine CEBPA and PPARG genes.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Taniguchi
Publications and source records attributed to Y Taniguchi.
Vancomycin therapy for treatment of peritonitis in outpatients on peritoneal dialysis.
Vancomycin therapy is frequently used for peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis, but the emergence of resistance has been reported. We evaluated the efficacy of a single intraperitoneal dose of vancomycin for peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. We assessed 24 episodes of peritonitis in 16 patients, and compared clinical parameters between responders and nonresponders. Vancomycin was effective for 12 patients (18 out of 24 episodes, 75.0%). Nonresponders had a significantly higher initial C-reactive protein level and dialysis fluid leukocyte count, and the mean serum albumin over three months before onset was significantly lower than in responders. Patients with a serum albumin level 3.0 g/dl or more were significantly more likely to respond than those with a level less than 3.0 g/dl. In conclusion, it seems reasonable for peritonitis patients with a mild inflammatory response and a serum albumin 3.0 g/dl or more to receive intraperitoneal vancomycin on an outpatient basis.
Adult↗
[Supervised cardiac rehabilitation for the patients with the disturbance of the motor function after cardiac surgery: the significance of physical therapists' participation].
There are sporadic instances of patients with the motor function disturbance of non-cardiac origin after cardiac surgery, and these patients may need prolonged post-operative cardiac rehabilitation. We established our cardiac rehabilitation program for post-operative patients and a total of 124 patients underwent the post-operative cardiac rehabilitation program (male 73, female 51, average age 60). Among them, 12 patients (9.7%) received the physical therapy for the disturbance of motor function post-operatively. These 12 patients were retrospectively studied. Physical therapies performed were the exercise therapy to improve the range of motion to prevent contracture in 3 patients with peroneal nerve palsy and drop foot, the exercise therapy for pre-operative or post-operative hemiplegia in 6 patients, the instruction of exercise for lumbago in 1 patient with spinal cord disease, respiratory physical therapy in 1 patient, and myotherapy for arthritis in 1 patient. Treatment with physical therapy was very useful in rehabilitating these patients. Active participation of physical therapists in cardiac rehabilitation for patients with the disturbance of motor function after cardiac surgery is possible. It is expected that their participation may improve the quality of life in this subset of patients.
Adult↗
Tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor in hemodialysis patients.
Tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor are important in extrinsic coagulation. We investigated their clinical significance in hemodialysis patients. We took blood samples, prior to initiation of routine hemodialysis, from 73 patients on hemodialysis (35 men and 38 women aged 56.1+/-11.7 years on dialysis for 82.1+/-61.0 months), and determined tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels by ELISA. In the patients the tissue factor level was 704.5+/-141.6 pg/ml and the tissue factor pathway inhibitor level was 44.5+/-23.3 ng/ml; both values were significantly higher than in normal controls (192.7+/-36.6 pg/ml and 18.6+/-5.7 ng/ml, respectively). In patients with shunt obstruction, tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels were significantly higher than in those without it. Therefore, the tissue factor pathway inhibitor level may be a marker of shunt obstruction.
Adult↗
Effect of pressure on the mechanism of hydrolysis of maltotetraose, maltopentaose, and maltohexose catalyzed by porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase.
Pressure effects on the time course of the products' composition accompanying the hydrolysis of maltooligosaccharides [maltotetraose (G4) maltopentaose (G5), and maltohexaose (G6)] catalyzed by porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase (PPA) were measured up to 300MPa at 30 degrees C. The composition of products, glucose (G ), maltose (G2), and maltotriose (G3), for the hydrolysis of G4, and G5 substrates changed a little by compression. But for G6 substrate, pressure induced some changes in the composition of products, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. From the pressure dependence of the observed rate constants on PPA catalyzed hydrolysis of G6, the volume difference between two kinds of Michaelis complexes of alpha-amylase-G6 is about 5.4 cm3/mol. The mechanism of an interesting pressure-induced reaction catalyzed by PPA is discussed in the terms of the reaction volumes.
Animals↗
Comparison of the effects of various fine particles on IgE antibody production in mice inhaling Japanese cedar pollen allergens.
The adjuvant effects of various fine particles [Kanto loam dust, fly ash, carbon black, diesel exhaust particles (DEP), and aluminum hydroxide (alum)] on immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody production in female BDF1 mice were examined. In experiment 1, animals both received 25 micrograms of each particle intranasally and were exposed to aerosolized Japanese cedar pollen allergens (JCPA) for 30 min/d at 1-wk intervals for the first 8 wk. This was followed by exposure for 30 min every 3 wk for the next 9 wk. As parameters of allergic rhinitis, measurements were made of JCPA-specific IgE and IgG antibody titers, the protein-adsorbing capacity of each type of particle, and nasal rubbing movements. The increases in anti-JCPA IgE and IgG antibody production in mice treated with aerosolized JCPA plus respective particles were significantly greater than that found with aerosolized JCPA alone. This was associated with no marked differences in the other allergic rhinitis parameters. In experiment 2, after the administration of particles as in experiment 1, about 160,000 grains of Japanese cedar pollen (JCP, native dry pollen) were dropped onto the tip of the nose of mice twice a week for 16 wk. Six weeks after the first immunization, the anti-JCPA IgE antibody titers of groups treated with the respective particles were greater than 1:20, whereas those of mice treated with JCP alone were 1:10. No significant differences in the anti-JCPA IgE and IgG antibody productions, nasal rubbing counts, or histopathological changes were observed after 18 wk. These results suggested the nature of the particles, their capacity to adsorb antigens, and/or their size may not be related to enhancement of IgG antibody production nor symptoms of allergic rhinitis. However, IgE antibody production seemed to occur earlier in mice treated with particles than in mice immunized with allergens alone.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Inhibition of brain cyclooxygenase-2 activity and the antipyretic action of nimesulide.
The antipyretic action and the mechanism of action of 4-nitro-2-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide (nimesulide), a new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, were investigated in yeast-induced febrile rats. Yeast-injected rats developed marked fever and exhibited an approximately 7-fold increase in brain levels of prostaglandin E2 and an approximately 2-fold increase in the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA despite an almost unchanged expression of cyclooxygenase-1 mRNA. Nimesulide produced a dose dependent antipyretic action, which was stronger than that of indomethacin and ibuprofen, and decreased dose dependently the increased brain prostaglandin E2 levels, whereas it did not influence the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA. It inhibited markedly the enhanced brain cyclooxygenase activity, primarily cyclooxygenase-2, in vivo and dose dependently increased brain cyclooxygenase activity in vitro. These results suggest that the marked antipyretic action of nimesulide is primarily mediated through the selective inhibition of the activity of brain cyclooxygenase-2 induced under febrile conditions.
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗
Analysis of p53 gene deletions in colorectal cancers using fluorescence in situ hybridization.
To examine the relationship between the incidence of p53 gene deletion in each nucleus and the clinicopathological features in colorectal cancers, we performed a cytogenetic study using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH was performed on 5 adenomas and 38 colorectal cancers that had been resected surgically. The nucleus, in which the copy number of the p53 signal was lower than that of chromosome 17, was determined as a deletion of the p53 gene. The mean frequency of the deletion of p53 in adenomas and cancers were 7.8% +/- 3.0% and 57.0% +/- 19.0%, respectively. Numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 or a deletion of p53 were also detected in DNA diploidy. The mean frequency of the deletion of p53 in 32 cases with aneusomy of chromosome 17 (65.7% +/- 14.5%) was significantly higher than that in cases of disomy (51.1% +/- 19.3%, P < 0.05). Even though this frequency was high in the early stage, it was not associated with any specific histopathological features. This frequency was also higher in double primary cancers (70.4% +/- 16.7%) compared with single colorectal cancers (53.4% +/- 18.1%) (P < 0.05). Using FISH, our results demonstrated that the clonal deletion of the p53 locus is an early genetic event of colorectal cancers and that a high incidence of p53 deletion may influence the occurrence of double primary cancers.
Adenoma↗
Lateral specificity in resistance training: the effect of bilateral and unilateral training.
Maximal voluntary strength of simultaneous bilateral exertion has been shown to be small compared to the sum of the unilateral exertions. Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of bilateral and unilateral resistance training on this bilateral deficit and to compare these in hands, arms, and legs. In each experiment, the subjects were divided into three groups: unilateral training group, bilateral training group, and control group. The subjects of the training group performed maximal isometric handgrip training in experiment I, and maximal isokinetic arm and leg extension training in experiments II and III. In each experiment, the subjects of the training group continued one of these resistance training exercises three times a week, for 6 weeks. The increase in handgrip strength of the bilateral training group produced in the bilateral condition [5.1 (SEM 2.4)%, after 3 weeks, 6.4 (SEM 2.3) %, after 6 weeks] was significantly greater compared with the control group [-1.1 (SEM 1.0) %, after 3 weeks, -1.5 (SEM 1.1) %, after 6 weeks. The increase in leg extension power of the bilateral training group produced in the bilateral condition [16.1 (SEM 9.6) %, after 3 weeks, 24.1 (SEM 7.4) %, after 6 weeks] was significantly greater compared with the unilateral training group [-5.0 (SEM 3.4) %, after 3 weeks, -3.4 (SEM 4.2) %, after 6 weeks] and the control group [-4.3 (SEM 2.5) %, after 3 weeks, 1.5 (SEM 5.5) %, after 6 weeks]. The increase in handgrip strength of the unilateral training group produced in the unilateral condition [7.3 (SEM 1.7) %, after 3 weeks] was significantly greater compared with the control group [-0.9 (SEM 1.8) %, after 3 weeks]. The increase in arm extension power of the unilateral training group produced in the unilateral condition [7.2 (SEM 1.8) %, after 6 weeks] was significantly greater compared with the bilateral training group [-3.0 (SEM 2.3) %, after 6 weeks] and the control group [-2.1 (SEM 2.6) %, after 6 weeks]. Bilateral indexes (BI) were shifted in a positive direction by bilateral training and tended to shift in a negative direction by unilateral training. With regard to the magnitude of change in BI, there were no significant differences among handgrip, arm extension, and leg extension training. It is suggested that there is lateral specificity in resistance training and that there is no difference among body parts in the modification of bilateral deficit by lateral training.
Adult↗
Decrease in myocardial polyamine concentration in rats with myocardial infarction.
Cardiac polyamines are thought to protect the myocardium against harmful stimuli and to be regulated by sympathetic nerve activation. In the present study, polyamines concentrations in non-infarcted myocardium were investigated. Myocardial polyamines contents decreased significantly in the non-infarcted regions by day 3 in rats with myocardial infarction compared with sham-operated rats and with the untreated control rats. The cardiac catecholamine concentration decreased by day 1 after myocardial infarction. Myocardial ornithine decarboxylase activity also decreased in the non-infarcted regions; suggesting that the decrease in cardiac polyamines contents relate to an insufficiency of the ornithine decarboxylase activity in rats with myocardial infarction. These results suggest that the decrease in polyamines concentrations after myocardial infarction is associated with functional sympathetic nerve denervation and that the vulnerability of the heart after myocardial infarction may be due to a decrease in polyamine concentrations in the non-infarcted region.
Animals↗
X-ray characteristics of wrists in calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease. Is pseudogout a major cause of scapholunate advanced collapse?
Deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals has been considered to be a cause of scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) wrist. The aim of this study was to look at X-ray changes in wrist joints affected by CPPD crystal deposition disease and to determine whether crystal deposition is a cause of SLAC wrist. A total of 150 wrists of 78 patients with CPPD crystal deposition disease were examined. In our population of Japanese patients with CPPD crystal deposition disease, the incidence of SLAC wrist was very low, and no case of Stage III SLAC wrist was found. We therefore conclude that SLAC wrist is not a radiographic characteristic of CPPD crystal deposition disease and that pyrophosphate crystal deposition cannot be a major cause of SLAC wrist.
Aged↗
Closed rupture of the flexor tendon caused by crystal deposition in the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)
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Chondrocalcinosis↗
Subcutaneous extensor tendon rupture associated with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease of the wrist.
We report a patient with rupture of the ring extensor tendon associated with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease of the wrist. Crystal deposits were noted in synovium and the triangular fibrocartilage complex. Histological examination revealed chronic synovitis with foreign body giant cell reaction to crystals. The cause of the tendon rupture was synovitis due to crystal deposition.
Aged↗
Comparison of ranitidine and lansoprazole in short-term low-dose triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two 1-week low-dose triple-therapy drug regimens involving antisecretory drugs for Helicobacter pylori infection. 99 patients with H. pylori infection were treated with either lansoprazole or ranitidine used together with clarithromycin and metronidazole. METHODS: The drug combination and administration periods in the proton pump inhibitor group were lansoprazole 30 mg o.m., clarithromycin 200 mg b.d. and metronidazole 250 mg b.d., all given for 7 days (LCM group). The ranitidine group received ranitidine 150 mg b.d., clarithromycin 200 mg b.d. and metronidazole 250 mg b.d. also for 7 days (RCM group). The presence or absence of H. pylori was determined from gastric biopsy specimens taken from both the antrum and the body, by smear, culture and tissue section (Giemsa stain). Cure was defined as failure to find evidence of H. pylori infection 4 weeks after antimicrobial therapy had ended. RESULTS: The cure of H. pylori infection was 88% in the LCM group (44 of 50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 79-97%) and 92% in the RCM group (45 of 49; 95% CI = 84-99%). The incidence of adverse events was 16% and 18% for the two groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: No significant differences in cure rate and safety profiles were noted between the two regimens, suggesting that moderate acid inhibition using an H2-blocker is sufficient to achieve optimal H. pylori eradication.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
Epitope specificity of IgE antibodies to a major allergen (Cry j 1) of Japanese cedar pollen in sera of humans and monkeys with pollinosis.
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis has been reported to occur naturally in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) as well as humans. Using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific to Cry j 1, a major allergen in Japanese cedar pollen, we identified five independent epitopes (EP-1 to EP-5) on the molecule. The epitopes recognized by IgE antibodies in the sera of humans and monkeys with the pollinosis were analysed by an IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition method with these mAb. In human patients, the mAb to EP-1 strongly blocked the binding of IgE antibodies in all patients' sera to Cry j 1. The reaction patterns of IgE antibodies in monkeys, however, varied among the troops of monkeys. In some troops, the mAb to EP-1 showed a blocking pattern similar to that for human patients. In other troops, mAb to EP-4 and EP-5 blocked binding of IgE. These results indicate that some, but not all, monkeys have antibody responses to the major allergen similar to those of humans.
Allergens↗
An isolated case with predominant glomerular fibronectin deposition associated with fibril formation.
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Biopsy↗
The mechanism of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia may be triggered activity due to delayed afterdepolarization.
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Action Potentials↗
The value of LYM-1 cells for examining vacuole formation and loss of cell viability induced by culture supernates of Helicobacter pylori.
Some strains of Helicobacter pylori are known to produce an extracellular cytotoxin that causes vacuolation in cultured mammalian cells. Screening for such strains makes use of HeLa cells which may not be sensitive enough to detect minimal changes. The aim of this study was to develop a more sensitive cell line. Vacuole formation was examined in HeLa cells, as well as four other cell lines established in this laboratory by ammonium chloride induction. Among five cell lines tested, LYM-1 cells were most sensitive for the detection of intracellular vacuolation with this agent. Loss of cell viability of LYM-1 and HeLa cells induced by H. pylori culture supernates was also examined: LYM-1 were more sensitive than HeLa cells. Cell death was not always accompanied by vacuole formation. This suggests that the mechanism whereby cell death occurs must be different from that for vacuole formation. LYM-1 cells may be useful when measuring vacuole formation and cell death of the cultured cells induced by culture supernates of clinical isolates of H. pylori.
Ammonium Chloride↗