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Biomedical subjects

Y Tani

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tani.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Intraperitoneal transplantation derived from spontaneous colonic cancer of WF rat strain].

Intraperitoneal transplantation of spontaneous colon carcinoma of WF strain has been established. There are two lines of transplantable colon carcinoma derived from the male and female rat of the same litter (MM4-48H). These two lines are now (Sept. '83) at the 16th generation. They have been succeeded every 3 weeks intraperitoneally using 4-weeks old male and female siblings of WF strain. Histology of these transplantable colon carcinoma was well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma at the first few generations but changed gradually medullary tubular pattern at the 16th generation. We believe this is the first report of transplantable tumor lines from the spontaneous colon carcinoma itself and these lines can be used for screening test of carcinostatics.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Phase II study of mitoxantrone for acute leukemia].

A total of seventeen patients with acute leukemia were treated with mitoxantrone for induction therapy. Nine out of 17 patients were previously untreated, while the other eight patients were previously treated. All of the previously treated cases had received chemotherapy including anthracycline derivatives. Bolus infusion of Mitoxantrone for three to ten days was employed. The daily and total doses of mitoxantrone ranged from 1.8 mg/m2 to 4.3 mg/m2 and from 7.5 mg/m2 to 40 mg/m2, respectively. CR was achieved in three (33%) previously untreated and two (25%) in previously treated cases. PR occurred in five previously untreated and in two previously treated patients. The other five failed to respond the agent. The most serious adverse effect of the drug was myelosuppression, but it was reversible in all cases. In one patient irreversible EKG change was observed. All other adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting, anorexia and diarrhea, were not serious and reversible. In conclusion, Mitoxantrone is effective in some cases with acute leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Synthesis of D-cysteine-related amino acids by 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase of Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1.

Using the beta-replacement reaction of 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase from Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1, S-methyl-, S-ethyl-, S-n-propyl-, S-n-butyl-, S-phenyl-, S-benzyl-, S-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)- and S-(2-hydroxyethyl)-D-cysteine were synthesized from 3-chloro-D-alanine and methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, n-butyl-, phenyl-, benzyl-mercaptans, alpha-thioglycerol and 2-mercaptoethanol, respectively. The enzymatically synthesized D-cysteine-related amino acids were isolated from the large scale reaction mixture and identified physicochemically.

Cysteine↗
PubMed1983

A high yield method for the preparative synthesis of coenzyme A by combination of chemical and enzymic reactions.

Dried cells of Brevibacterium ammoniagenes are a good enzyme source for the preparative synthesis of CoA from pantothenic acid, L-cysteine and ATP. A problem with this synthesis is that the CoA synthesis is repressed by negative feedback inhibition by CoA to pantothenate kinase, the first step enzyme for the biosynthesis of CoA, which catalyses phosphorylation of pantothenic acid or pantetheine. As the inhibition operates only at this step, a further increased yield is possible if the enzymic phosphorylation step is replaced with chemical synthesis. Yields from phosphorylated substrates are more than 10-times higher than those from pantothenic acid or pantetheine (33 g/l from phosphopantothenic acid with a molar yield of 86%; 115 g/l from phosphopantetheine with a molar yield of 100%).

Brevibacterium↗
PubMed1983

Enzymatic synthesis of flavin adenine dinucleotide.

A new and simple enzymatic method for the synthesis of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from flavin mononucleotide by the transadenylylation reaction using microbial cells is described. Among various microorganisms tested, Artherobacter globiformis IFO 12138 and two soil bacteria were selected as useful enzyme sources. Under suitable reaction conditions, the amount of FAD synthesized was 2.25 mumol/mL with cells of A. globiformis. The transadenylylation reaction could be coupled with the ATP supplying system through a glycolysis process with yeast.

Arthrobacter↗
PubMed1983

Efficacy of laminar air flow room with or without clean nursing for preventing infection in patients with acute leukemia.

The clinical effectiveness of bioclean rooms was studied in relation to prevention of infection during treatment for induction of remission of acute leukemia. According to the steps in clean patient care, patients were divided into three groups, Group A consisting of 106 patients who were accommodated in laminar air flow (LAF) rooms under strictly clean nursing, Group B consisting of 99 patients who were treated in disinfected rooms with LAF without any clean nursing techniques and Group C consisting of 188 patients who stayed in conventional wards. Since all patients were treated with antileukemic drugs and preventive administration of antimicrobial drugs under the same regimen, any difference between groups should be attributable to LAF or LAF and clean nursing. A marked and stepwise reduction in the incidence of infection between Groups A, B and C was observed. A statistically significant reduction in pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, periproctitis and skin abscesses was also observed in Groups A and B. As to the causative organisms, a relative increase in incidence of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli and a decrease in those caused by Proteus and fungi were observed in Groups A and B, as compared with Group C. These data suggest that pneumonia etc. may be exogenous infections and that Proteus and fungi are exogenous organisms, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli are endogenous bacteria. These data seem very helpful for setting up several steps in bioclean rooms for effective and economic patient care.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

3-Chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase (deaminating) of Pseudomonas putida CR 1.1. Purification and characterization of a novel enzyme occurring in 3-chloro-D-alanine-resistant pseudomonads.

A novel enzyme catalyzing cleavage of 3-chloro-D-alanine to pyruvate, ammonia, and chloride ion is distributed in some pseudomonads which have a resistance to high concentrations of 3-chloro-D-alanine. Pseudomonas putida CR 1-1 (AKU 867) was found to have the highest activity of enzyme, which was inducibly formed by the addition of 3-chloro-D-alanine to the medium. The enzyme, tentatively called 3-chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase, was purified from P.l putida CR 1-1 in seven steps. After the last step, the enzyme appeared to be homogeneous by the criteria of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, analytical ultracentrifuge, and double diffusion in agarose. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 76,000 and consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight (approximately 38,000). The enzyme exhibits absorption maxima at 278 nm and 418 nm, which are independent of the pH (6.0-9.0), and contains 2 mol of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate/mol of the enzyme. The holoenzyme is resolved to the apoenzyme by incubation with phenylhydrazine and reconstituted by the addition of pyridoxal-P. The apoenzyme can be crystallized by adding ammonium sulfate. 3-Chloro-D-alanine chloride-lyase catalyzes an alpha, beta-elimination reaction of 3-chloro-D-alanine and also, but to a lesser extent, D-cysteine and D-cysteine. The enzyme also catalyzes a beta-replacement reaction of chlorine of 3-chloro-D-alanine with hydrosulfide to yield D-cysteine. The important role of this novel beta-lyase enzyme in the detoxication of e-chloro-D-alanine by P. putida CR 1-1 is also discussed.

Alanine↗
PubMed1982

Purification and properties of a transketolase responsible for formaldehyde fixation in a methanol-utilizing yeast, candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201.

Dihydroxyacetone synthase, present in methanol-grown Candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201, catalyzes the transfer of the glycolaldehyde group from xylulose 5-phosphate to formaldehyde to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone. This enzyme was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity and found to be a new type of transketolase. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 190,000 by gel filtration. The enzyme appeared to be composed of four identical subunits (Mr, 55,000). Thiamin pyrophosphate and Mg2+ were required for the activity. The optimum pH was found to be 7.0. With xylulose 5-phosphate as the ketol-donor, aliphatic aldehydes (C1-C7), glycolaldehyde and glyceraldehyde were better acceptors than ribose 5-phosphate. The kinetic data were consistent with a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism. The Km values obtained were as follows: xylulose 5-phosphate, 1.0 mM; formaldehyde, 0.43 mM; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, 0.42 mM; and dihydroxyacetone, 0.52 mM.

Candida↗
PubMed1982

B lymphocyte subset patterns and their significance in idiopathic glomerulonephritis.

The proportion of B lymphocyte subsets with surface immunoglobulin G (sIgG) was significantly increased in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (MCGN) and with sIgA in IgA nephropathy and MCGN, and with sIgE in MCNS. Increased subsets in membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and MCGN corresponded to the immunoglobulins deposited in the glomeruli, and the increased subset of sIgE in MCNS was correlated with the elevation of serum IgE. These results suggest that each disease studied has a characteristic subset pattern of B lymphocyte response. This may have an important role in determining the histological type of idiopathic glomerulonephritis.

Adolescent↗