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Biomedical subjects

Y Tamura

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tamura.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenicity of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolates from tonsils of apparently healthy slaughter pigs.

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was isolated from tonsils of 63 (10.5%) of 600 apparently healthy slaughter pigs in the Kanto area of Japan in February and July 1984. The isolation rate was significantly higher during July than in February. Of these 63 isolates, 34 isolates (54.0%) were serotype 7, 20 isolates (31.7%) were serotype 2, 6 isolates (9.5%) were serotype 6, and 1 isolate (1.6%) each was serotype 11, 12, or 16. All isolates of serotypes 2, 6, 11, 12, and 16 were highly virulent for mice, whereas most isolates of serotype 7 were weakly virulent. In swine, all isolates of serotype 2 were highly virulent, capable of inducing generalized urticarial lesions with depression and anorexia. On the other hand, 37 of 43 isolates of serotypes other than 2 induced no clinical signs, and the remaining 6 isolates induced local urticarial lesions at the site of inoculation in swine. The MIC of dihydrostreptomycin ranged from 1.56 to 100 micrograms/ml. All of the dihydrostreptomycin-resistant strains belonged to serotype 2. The high virulence of E. rhusiopathiae strains of serotype 2 harbored in the tonsils suggests a possible role of such strains in the cause of swine erysipelas. In contrast, members of the other nonvirulent or weakly virulent group, mainly serotype 7 strains, were considered to be resident in porcine tonsils.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

In vitro effect of cinnamic aldehyde, a main component of Cinnamomi Cortex, on human platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid metabolism.

The in vitro effect of cinnamic aldehyde, a main component of Cinnamomi Cortex, on platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in human platelets was studied. Cinnamic aldehyde reduced platelet aggregation of both platelet rich plasma and washed platelets, dose-dependently. This compound also decreased the formation of the metabolites of AA such as thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 12-hydroxy heptadecatrienoic acid and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in collagen-stimulated washed platelets. The conversion of exogenous [14C]AA to cyclooxygenase metabolites or 12-lipoxygenase metabolite was not altered significantly by the addition of cinnamic aldehyde. On the other hand, collagen-induced release of [14C]AA and its metabolites from washed platelets prelabeled with [14C]AA was markedly reduced by the addition of cinnamic aldehyde. These results suggested that cinnamic aldehyde suppressed the release of AA from platelet membrane phospholipids and then reduced the formation of thromboxane A2. This inhibitory effect of cinnamic aldehyde on AA release and TXB2 formation may contribute to reduced platelet aggregation.

Acrolein↗
PubMed1987

Exact mechanisms contributing to instability and refractoriness to therapy in patients with unstable angina: coronary arteriographic evaluation.

Ninety one patients with unstable angina were evaluated by clinical and angiographic study. Of 91 patients, 42 (46%) responded poorly to the intensive medical treatment. Emergency coronary arteriography was then performed on these patients. The important pathoanatomical mechanisms contributing to instability of angina pectoris and/or refractoriness to the intensive medical treatment were observed in 19 of 42 patients (45%). These include: 1) More severe disease with left main lesion; 2) Refractory coronary spasm; 3) Coronary dissection; 4) Rapid progression of atherosclerosis; 5) Ulcerating plaque and 6) Coronary thrombus. Our results presented here suggest that an appropriate knowledge regarding pathophysiology might improve the approach to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Anti-thrombotic and anti-atherogenic action of eicosapentaenoic acid.

Effects of dietary supplementation with highly purified EPA (1.8-2.7 g/day) for 16 weeks on platelet and red blood cell function and serum lipids concentration were investigated in patients with various thrombotic diseases. Decreases in platelet aggregation, thromboxane formation in platelets, platelet retention and whole blood viscosity, increased red blood cell deformation and prolongation of bleeding time were observed in the present study. In addition a reduction in serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations was noted in patients with hyperlipidemia after EPA ingestion. Some clinical improvements such as improvement of diabetic gangrene or peripheral vascular occlusive disease were observed. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of purified EPA may be beneficial for prevention and treatment of cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1987

Clinical, biochemical and enzymatic studies in type I hyperprolinemia associated with chromosomal abnormality.

A severe mentally retarded infant with type I hyperprolinemia associated with chromosomal abnormality is reported. The patient had a characteristic facial appearance of hyperprolinemia and suffered from convulsions after the age of 10 months. The child developed severe mental and motor retardation. The karyotype of the patient revealed partial duplication of the short arm in chromosome 10 using G banding techniques. The patient and her mother showed a fasting hyperprolinemia and an abnormal clearance curve after the proline load in the serum. The proline oxidase activities of the liver tissues obtained by biopsy in the patient was about 9% of those of controls. Kinetic studies and mixed experiments of the enzyme were with normal limits. Restriction of dietary proline at the age of 12 months revealed a prompt fall of the plasma levels of proline to the normal range, and a low proline diet was continued until the present time. During the period of dietary treatment, growth was satisfactory, but her mental development did not improve. From the developmental patterns of proline oxidase activities postnataldy, we speculated that restriction of dietary proline intake should be relieved with age.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1987

[Early gastric cancer associated with ectopic gastric mucosa (submucosal cysts)].

A 72 year-old man visited our hospital complaining of anorexia and hungry epigastric pain. Gastroscopy and upper G-I series examination established the diagnosis of double gastric cancers. Total gastrectomy, R2 lymphadenectomy and beta anastomosis were performed. The type IIc early cancer lesion at the pyloric vestibule was sm in depth and revealed a histological pattern of tubular adenocarcinoma. The multiple lesions on the anterior and posterior walls of the lesser curvature were a cluster of submucosal cysts, and were partially accompanied by signet-ring cell carcinoma having the depth m. The two lesions were histologically isolated without continuity, and the histology progress was PoHoeta (-) ps(-), Stage I, aw(-), ow(-). Postoperative course was uneventful. Though multiple diffuse ectopic gastric mucosa is seemed to be benign submucosal tumor of the stomach, occasional co-existence of cancer has been frequently reported. Even if the results of gastroscopy and upper G-I series results are negative, there is always a possible risk of overlooking a small cancerous focus. On detecting ectopic gastric mucosa, immediate and thorough resection seems desirable, especially when accompanied by cancer. The pathogenesis of multiple diffuse ectopic gastric mucosa has remained controversial and has been explained by the theory of either congenital or acquired aberration. From the histological findings, the pathogenesis of this case could not be determined.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Seadragon VI: a 7-day dry saturation dive at 31 ATA. VI. Hyperbaria enhances renin but eliminates ADH responses to head-up tilt.

Three male subjects were passively tilted from a supine to a 90 degree head-up standing position on 2 d each at 1 and 31 ATA, then on 1 d of the postdive period. On each day the subjects were tilted once in the morning (0800-1000) and once in the evening (2000-2200). Before each tilt experiment, the subjects were first intravenously cannulated for blood sampling, then assumed the supine position. A blood sample was taken after 10 min in the supine position, and another sample was taken after 15 min of motionless, supported standing. The plasma was analyzed for antidiuretic hormone (ADH), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma cortisol, and aldosterone. ADH, PRA, and cortisol were significantly increased by tilt, but the responses varied with time of day or atmospheric pressure. Cortisol increased only in the morning tilt (P less than 0.005) and was not affected by pressure. At 1 ATA, PRA was elevated in the morning tilt experiment (P less than 0.005) and not the evening tilt, but the overall response to tilt was greater at 31 ATA than at 1 ATA (P less than 0.005). The ADH response to tilt (P less than 0.025) was unaffected by time of day, but was eliminated at 31 ATA. The basal levels of ADH were also lower at 31 ATA (P less than 0.005). The mechanism of these responses remains unclear, but the eliminated postural stimulation of ADH may account for the eliminated circadian excretory pattern of the hormones. The altered responses to body fluid shifts possibly contribute to the increased aldosterone and decreased ADH frequently observed at hyperbaria.

Adult↗