Biomedical subjects

Y Tamiya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tamiya.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

[An experimental study of the effect of the posterior and celiac branches on the secretion of pancreatic glucagon, insulin, gastrin and secretin].

Effects of electrical stimulation to the posterior (P-S) and celiac (C-S) branches of the abdominal vagus on the secretion of pancreatic glucagon (GI), insulin (IRI), gastrin (IRG) and secretion (IRS) were studied in anesthetized mongrel dogs. Following P-S and C-S, plasma concentration of GI and IRI increased without any changes of blood flow in the cranial pancreaticoduodenal vein. The similar responses shown in their magnitudes and timing would indicate that the output of the hormones were accelerated by both branches to the same extent and subsequently the effect of the posterior branch was caused via the celiac one. Plasma concentration of GI and IRI in the portal vein increased was elevated following P-S, but remained unchanged following C-S. these data would account for that an increase in portal blood flow exceeded relatively that of the output of the hormones following C-S. Portal plasma concentration of IRG increased following P-S and this would be due to the accelerated production of antral gastrin via the posterior antral branches. No response shown following C-S would reveal that an increase of portal blood flow exceeded over the production of extragastric gastrin via the celiac branch. Portal plasma concentration of IRS remained unchanged following P-S, but decreased following C-S. However, as these results were strongly influenced by changes of portal blood flow, the effect of both branches on pancreatic secretion needed further investigation with blood flow measurement.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of cardiac reperfusion injury following global ischemia by a monoclonal antibody, R2-1A6.

The effect of R2-1A6 monoclonal antibody on the reperfusion injury of heterotopically transplanted rat cardiac tissues after global ischemia was studied. Histological, functional as well as myocardial energy status were evaluated in control and R2-1A6-treated rats. The strong binding of neutrophils to cardiac endothelial cell surface and strong tissue edema were present at 10 min after the initiation of reperfusion and subsequently interstitial hemorrhage and myocardial degeneration were present in the control group. The mean survival date of grafted hearts was about 7.7 days in the control group. In contrast, the significantly less severe binding of neutrophils to endothelial cells, tissue edema, interstitial hemorrhage, and myocardial degeneration were present in R2-1A6-treated rats. All grafted hearts survived up to 14 days in R2-1A6-treated group. Myocardial ATP content decreased from preischemic value of about 4 mumol/g to post-ischemic value of 0.57 mumol/g. After reperfusion of ischemic hearts, myocardial ATP values remained to be a range of 1.27-1.03 mumol/g in control group. However, myocardial ATP values recovered up to 2.28 mumol/g in R2-1A6-treated group. Thus, these experiments indicated that neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells is a critical early event in the process leading to post-ischemic reperfusion injury in global ischemia and the R2-1A6 treatment resulted in significant protection against cardiac reperfusion injury following global ischemia.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The elephant trunk technique for type A dissection.

A modified elephant trunk technique that was used to treat acute type A dissection is described. This technique prevents leaks at the distal anastomosis and facilitates surgery on the aneurysmatic downstream aorta following total arch replacement. In addition, it allows closure of the primary intimal tear in patients with DeBakey type III retrograde dissection.

Aorta, Thoracic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Differences in gut integrity following abdominal surgery according to the magnitude of the surgical stress.

BACKGROUND: An increase in serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity reflects intestinal mucosal damage. This was used to estimate the effect of surgical stress after elective abdominal surgery on gut integrity. METHODS: Patients with gastrointestinal tract cancers were placed in either group T (transthoracic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, n = 9) or group L (laparotomy, n = 10). The serum DAO activity was measured pre-operatively, and on postoperative days 1, 3, and 8. RESULTS: Transthoracic esophagectomy was associated with a more extensive stress than the operations in group L, as measured by the intra-operative blood loss, the amount of blood transfused, and the operative time (P = 0.007, P = 0.0002, P = 0.0011, respectively). Following surgery, the serum DAO activity was decreased markedly in all patients in group T. In contrast, the activity was unchanged in group L (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of the surgical insult plays a significant role in the decrease in serum DAO activity. These results suggest that surgical stress influences gut integrity following elective abdominal surgery.

Abdomen↗