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Biomedical subjects

Y Takimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takimoto.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Comparative metabolism of fenitrothion in aquatic organisms. I. Metabolism in the euryhaline fish, Oryzias latipes and Mugil cephalus.

[14C]Fenitrothion at 0.1 ppm in running water is more rapidly absorbed in the killifish (Oryzias latipes) at 25 than at 15 degrees C to a similar plateau level, and bioaccumulation ratios of fenitrothion are 235 and 339, respectively. Water of higher salinity (23%) resulted in slightly higher accumulation ratios of fenitrothion in both killifish (303) and mullet, Mugil cephalus (179), than fresh water (235 and 30, respectively), but the half-lives are independent of temperature and salinity, with values of 0.24-0.36 day. Fenitrothion was metabolized primarily through hydrolysis by the killifish, demethylation by the mullet, and conjugation of the liberated phenol with glucuronic acid by both species. Although metabolism of the compound was not affected by the different salinities and temperatures in both fish, the glucuronide conjugate was more directly excreted into water under lower temperature and higher salinity conditions. 14C-labeled compounds are distributed primarily in the gall bladder as shown by whole-body radioautography.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparative metabolism of fenitrothion in aquatic organisms. II. Metabolism in the freshwater snails, Cipangopaludina japonica and Physa acuta.

When freshwater snails, Cipangopaludina japonica and Physa acuta, were exposed to 0.1 ppm [14C]fenitrothion in a dynamic flow system, the concentrations of fenitrothion and 14C in the body reached equilibrium on Day 1 of exposure. The maximum bioaccumulation ratios of fenitrothion were 18 and 53 in C. japonica and P. acuta, respectively. These snails metabolized the compound primarily by demethylation, hydrolysis, and reduction. The liberated phenol moiety was found to be conjugated with sulfate in C. japonica and mainly with glucose in P. acuta. When the snails were transferred to a freshwater stream, fenitrothion and its metabolites were rapidly excreted, and the half-life of the parent compound was less than 0.5 day in both snails. Fenitrothion and its decomposition products were mainly distributed in liver of P. acuta, as evidenced by whole-body radioautography.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparative metabolism of fenitrothion in aquatic organisms. III. Metabolism in the crustaceans, Daphnia pulex and Palaemon paucidens.

When the waterflea Daphnia pulex and the shrimp Palaemon paucidens were exposed to 1.0 ppb [14C]fenitrothion in a flowthrough system, the concentrations of fenitrothion and 14C in the body reached equilibrium, and the maximum bioaccumulation ratios of fenitrothion were 71 and 6 in the daphnia and shrimp, respectively. These crustaceans primarily metabolized the compound by oxidation of P = S to P = O, hydrolysis of P-O-aryl linkage, and demethylation. The liberated phenol was found to be conjugated with sulfate in the daphnia and with glucose in the shrimp. When the organisms were transferred to a freshwater stream, fenitrothion and its metabolites were rapidly excreted from their bodies, and the half-life of the parent compound was less than 0.2 day in both species.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical effectiveness of KL 007 (oxybutynin hydrochloride) in urinary disorders].

The clinical effectiveness of KL 007 (oxybutynin hydrochloride) was studied on patients with urinary disturbance, mostly complaints of urinary frequency, who were suffering from nervous pollakisuria, irritable bladder or neurogenic bladder. Fifty two patients were administered KL 007 three times daily at the dose of 6 mg, 9 mg, or 12 mg per day for one or two weeks. An overall clinical effectiveness of KL 007 was seen in the cases of hypertonic bladder. As to the clinical effectiveness of subjective symptoms, KL 007 improved the symptoms of urinary frequency, urinary incontinence, discomfort upon micturition, urinary urgency and sense of residual urine. Transient side effects were observed in 23 cases (41.4%), and dry mouth was most observed. No severe side effects were noticed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effect of new alpha-adrenergic blocker on micturition disturbance of neurogenic bladder and lower urinary tract obstruction].

E-643, a newly developed alpha 1-adrenergic blocker with a postsynaptic action, was tried on 17 subjects, 10 patients with neurogenic bladder and 7 patients with lower urethral obstruction. The results of treatment were excellent in 5, good in 7, and poor in 5 of them, the rate of effectiveness therefore being 70.6%. The inhibitory effect of E-643 on the contractility of the detrusor was no stronger than that of other alpha-blockers. The rate of effectiveness for neurogenic bladders was as high as 80% whereas that for lower urethral obstruction was much lower: 57%. Concerning benign prostatic hyperplasia (B.P.H.) alone, this agent was markedly beneficial. In the case of B.P.H the urethra pressure in the prostatic urethra tends to drop and urination is facilitated even without a change in maximum urethral closure pressure, which reduces the amount of residual urine, this sequence of events taking place on condition that the contractility of the detrusor is adequate. According to urodynamic criteria, the underlying causes of the so-called bladder neck contracture can be classified into organic and functional obstruction, but it is mistaken to use this term for functional disturbance of the bladder neck. It seems worthwhile to determine the clinical effect of alpha-blockers on functional urethral obstruction. E-643 produced few if any appreciable signs or symptoms of side effects either subjectively or objectively.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

[Muscle irritation study on T-1982].

The local irritation effect of T-1982 after the intramuscular injection into the musculus vastus lateralis was examined in rabbits. T-1982 was dissolved by the way of clinical use and was injected singly into the musculus vastus lateralis. Then the degree of muscular injury at the time of 2 days and 7 days after the injection was judged from muscle weight ratio, gross local observation and histological observation. The degree of muscular injury caused by T-1982 was compared with that of saline, 0.75% acetic acid and 6% acetic acid. On the degree of muscular injury of T-1982 was almost equal to that of 0.75% acetic acid, but milder than 6% acetic acid. From these, it was concluded that the local irritation effect of T-1982 was grade 3.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Gonadotropin and alkaline phosphatase producing occult gastric carcinoma with widespread metastasis of generalized bone.

A case is reported of a small primary occult gastric adenocarcinoma occurring in a 57-year-old man revealing widespread metastasis to generalized bone, and associated with high serum level of circulating human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and alkaline phosphatase (ALPase). The primary site of metastatic bone tumor was not clear until autopsy. Microscopic examination of the gastric primary revealed moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma admixed with numerous signet-ring carcinoma cells without conspicuous trophoblastic differentiation. The elaboration of hCG and intestinal and placental isoenzyme of ALPase by carcinoma cells themselves was confirmed by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. The present case may be interesting because of unusual metastasis and simultaneous production of hCG, CEA, and intestinal and placental ALPase isoenzymes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

A case of prostatic malacoplakia.

Prostatic malacoplakia is an extremely rare disease. We report a case of malacoplakia of the prostate and review the 21 cases previously reported, including 4 in our country and 17 in other countries.

Cytodiagnosis↗
PubMed1980

[Subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone in beagle dogs with the intravenous administration for 3 months (author's transl)].

The subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone (CPZ) in Beagle dogs with the intravenous administration for 35 days has been reported from our laboratory. In the present experiments, the subacute toxicity test of CPZ in Beagle dogs was carried out for longer administration period than before. CPZ was given intravenously to each group (2 or 4 dogs) at dose level of 100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day respectively for 3 months. Cefazolin (CEZ) was used intravenously for positive control using 4 dogs at dose level of 200 mg/kg/day and physiological saline was given intravenously to 2 dogs for 3 months. 1) In Beagle dogs received high dose of CPZ, transient vomiting, salivation and diarrhea were observed immediately after the administration. 2) Signs of anemia, such as decrease of erythrocyte and value of hemoglobin and hematocrit, and increase of reticulocytes of the peripheral blood and in fragility of red cell associated with decrease of food intake, were observed in 2 female dogs given CPZ of 400 mg/kg/day. In only one of these dogs, a positive reaction of COOMBS' test was shown. The anemia recognized in these 2 dogs seems to be of hemolytic nature. 3) The weight of thymus was decreased in all of 4 dogs given CPZ at 400 mg/kg/day and in 2 out of 4 dogs given CPZ at 200 mg/kg/day, respectively. 4) Based on the fact that no abnormalities were found in dogs given CPZ at 200 mg/kg/day except a slight decrease of weight of thymus in some of them, the maximum safety dose of CPZ was thought to be 200 mg/kg/day.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone in beagle dogs with the intramuscular administration for 3 months (author's transl)].

The subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone (CPZ), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was carried out in both sexes of Beagle dogs. CPZ was injected in Beagle dogs intramuscularly at dose levels of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg/day for 3 months. The same amount of physiological saline was injected to control dogs intramuscularly for 3 months. The following results were obtained: 1) Sign of severe pain was shown immediately after injection in groups of CPZ at 500 and 250 mg/kg/day. In the same groups, the focal necrosis, hemorrhage, cell infiltration and fibrosis of muscles of injected site were noted microscopically. 2) In only one out of 6 dogs given CPZ at 500 mg/kg/day for 3 months, decrease of red blood cells and in values of hemoglobin and hematocrit an increase of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood were observed. In the same dog, splenomegaly and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver was found histopathologically, and in addition, the body weight and the food intake decreased during the administration period, associated with the development of anemia. 3) In dogs receiving up to 250 mg/kg/day, atrophy of the thymus was recognized at autopsy and slight decrease of cortical lymphocytes was seen histopathologically. 4) Based on these results, the maximum safety dose of CPZ was thought to be 125 mg/kg/day from the present experiment.

Animals↗