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Biomedical subjects

Y Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takeuchi.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of oleic acid/propylene glycol on rat abdominal stratum corneum: lipid extraction and appearance of propylene glycol in the dermis measured by Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) spectroscopy.

Fourie transform infrared/attenuated total reflection analysis demonstrated that the absorbance intensity of C = O stretching bands, which reflect the amounts of lipids in the stratum corneum, decreased with an increase in the duration of skin treatment with 0.15 M oleic acid/propylene glycol (PG) system, suggesting that the oleic acid/PG system induced the lipid extraction, which was followed by a reorganization of the stratum corneum structures. The spectral peaks which originated from the PG molecule were detected in dermal tissues after 30 min of treatment of the stratum corneum with the same system. This observation suggested that the reorganization of the lipid domains due to the lipid extraction by the oleic acid/PG system helped the PG molecules enter the dermal tissues. It was also suggested that an effective volume within the stratum corneum for solutes and/or solvents which could penetrate through the inter-, and/or intracellular routes could be altered in conjunction with the structural changes of the lipids.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The stability of a novel carbapenem antibiotic, meropenem (SM-7338), in a solid state formulation for injection.

A formulation of meropenem, a novel carbapenem antibiotic for injection, was developed as a vial filled with a mixture of meropenem and dried sodium carbonate. During the design phase, we studied the effect of water in the formulation on the stability of meropenem in the solid state. Meropenem is obtained as trihydrate, whose moisture content is 12.35% and is nonhygroscopic. Dehydrated meropenem, whose moisture content was 3.4%, took up moisture quickly even under low humidity (33% RH). Also, the chemical stability of dehydrated meropenem was poor compared with that of untreated meropenem, which is quite stable. Degradation of meropenem by free water was considered as a possible cause of the poor stability. Degradation of meropenem due to liberation of its crystal water to free water was also observed when meropenem was micronized by pneumatic pulverization. Crystal water of meropenem was found to stay bound and to be almost inert in the formulation. Thus, meropenem injection formulation is stable for long time at room temperature.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1993

Protection against alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced acute cholestasis in mice by a novel taurine conjugate of ursodeoxycholate (UR-906).

We investigated the effects of tauroursodeoxycholate (UR-906) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis in mice. UR-906 and UDCA were given intravenously 2 hr prior to and 2 hr after ANIT (80 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment. The animals were sacrificed 48 hr after ANIT administration, and serum markers of liver injury were examined. UR-906 prevented significant elevations in total bilirubin, bile acids and LDH. Furthermore, this drug reduced significant elevations in ALP and LAP. UDCA also prevented significant elevations in total bilirubin and LAP. These results indicate that UR-906 as well as UDCA has a beneficial effect against ANIT-induced cholestasis in mice.

1-Naphthylisothiocyanate↗
PubMed1993

Solitary pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma.

A rare case of resectable solitary pancreatic metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma is reported. The patient was a 57-year-old man who presented with epigastralgia. He had undergone a radical nephrectomy of the right side 30 months previously. The diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis was based on the patient's past history and angiographic demonstration of typical hypervascular tumor staining. Histological examination was confirmatory. The patient was successfully treated by pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by alpha-interferon administration. As of 6 months after surgery, he remains well.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1993

Studies on the structures of meropenem(SM-7338) and it's primary metabolite.

The structure and solution conformation of meropenem was examined by using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and nuclear Overhauser enhancement experiments. Similar to the X-ray crystal structure, the close spacing of 1 beta-methyl substituent to the beta-lactam ring and the accessible conformation of C-2 side chain in relation to the carbapenem skeleton was confirmed. The structure of the primary metabolite of meropenem by dehydropeptidase-I was shown to be the beta-lactam ring-opened product by comparing the spectroscopic data with those of meropenem, and confirmed by the preparation and structural analysis of its crystalline derivative. This metabolite existed as a mixture of 1-pyrroline and 2-pyrroline isomers, and the coexistence of two isomers at equilibrium in aqueous solution was observed by NMR.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of metoclopramide on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in humans.

For determining the effect of the activation of the central cholinergic system on the sympathetic nervous system, we measured muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) together with heart rate and blood pressure before and after an intravenous injection of metoclopramide. Immediately after metoclopramide injection, short-term increases in MSNA and heart rate followed a transient decrease in blood pressure, suggesting that increased sympathetic nerve activity may result from the unloading of arterial baroreceptors. Approximately 7 min after injection, MSNA and heart rate were again notably increased, followed by an increase in blood pressure. This late increase in MSNA may result from central activation of the sympathetic nervous system, but not as a result of the unloading of arterial baroreceptors. The results of this study suggest that metoclopramide activates the sympathetic nervous system by mediating the central cholinergic system in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Measurement of myocardial blood flow in coronary artery bypass surgery.

It is now possible experimentally to measure myocardial blood flow of the beating heart using a helium-neon (He-Ne) laser Doppler flowmeter. A myocardial probe was redesigned to reduce its size and weight, and a method devised of fixing the probe to the beating cardiac surface to allow its clinical application. This modified laser flowmeter was used on 36 patients with ischaemic heart disease to measure myocardial blood flow before and after revascularization. Flow was measured in the right and left ventricles while patients were in a haemodynamically stable state as determined by electrocardiography, heart rate, blood pressure and double product (heart rate x systolic blood pressure). No significant difference was found between the mean(s.e.m.) preoperative and postoperative flow volume at the anterior wall of the right ventricle (77(15) versus 81 (12)ml/min per 100 g), which did not undergo revascularization, but mean(s.e.m.) myocardial blood flow at the ischaemic left ventricle increased significantly (from 68(15) to 88(13) ml/min per 100 g; P < 0.01). There was also no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative values of haemodynamic parameters of coronary blood flow. In conclusion, a means to measure myocardial blood flow with He-Ne laser Doppler flowmetry has been devised which shows coronary artery bypass grafting to increase myocardial blood flow in the ischaemic myocardium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Expression of plasminogen activators and their inhibitors in human pancreatic carcinoma: immunohistochemical study.

Expression of plasminogen activators (PA), tissue type (t-PA) and urokinase type (u-PA), as well as PA inhibitors (PAI), type-1 (PAI-1) and type 2 (PAI-2), were investigated immunohistochemically in 97 human pancreatic carcinomas. u-PA expression predominated in pancreatic carcinomas, compared with t-PA [u-PA expression in 76 specimens (78.4%) and t-PA in eight specimens (8.2%)]. PAI-1 expression was detected in 80 carcinoma specimens (82.5%) and PAI-2 in 79 carcinoma specimens (81.4%). PAI-2 expression was significantly lower in carcinomas with peritoneal metastasis (p < 0.02). Strong PAI-2 expression was associated with significantly higher survival than negative or weak PAI-2 expression (p < 0.05). We conclude that immunohistochemical analysis of PAI-2 expression in pancreatic carcinomas may yield important prognostic information.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Lipid peroxide and free radical scavengers in congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension].

There is a strong possibility that lipid peroxide (LPO) exerts a great influence on the persistence of pulmonary vascular obstruction (PVO) after radical operation of congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension (PH). We investigated the relationship between LOP and PVO, and discussed the effects of scavengers. Fourteen cases of infantile open heart surgery were investigated. LPO, superoxide dismutase SOD and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in blood and lung tissue. In the cases of PH group, the levels of lung tissue and plasma LPO showed significantly higher than those of PS group (p < 0.05) before and after radical operation. The levels of Pp/Ps and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) of PH cases showed still higher than those of PS group (p < 0.05) even after radical operation. In addition, the levels of plasma and lung tissue SOD, lung tissue GSH of PH cases were lower than those of PG group. These suggest that LPO plays an important role as the cause of PVO before operation and which remains unchanged even after operation. It is to be expected that increase of the free radical scavengers will be effective to suppress the generation of LPO and at last to reduce the level of PVR after operation.

Free Radical Scavengers↗
PubMed1993

[A case of Sjögren's syndrome at the age of 91 with a lymphoepithelial lesion].

A 91 year old woman with Sjögren's syndrome who developed a lymphoepithelial lesion and showed an active state of the disease is described. Since June, 1990, the patient had been complaining of dry eyes and mouth and a left submandibular tumor (1.0 x 1.5 cm in diameter). A biopsy of the tumor revealed lymphoepithelial lesions in the salivary gland. Mild anemia (Hb 9.6 g/dl) and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (80 mm/hr) were noted. The gamma-globulin level was 2.7 g/dl, IgG 2789 mg/dl, IgA 469 mg/dl, RAHA x80, antinuclear antibody x20, anti-SS-A x256, thyroid test x400 and microsome test x102400. The Schirmer's test showed decreased tear secretion (Lt. 3mm, Rt. 9mm) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca were noticed by an ophthalmologist. Salivary scintigraphy revealed decreased uptake and slow excretion of the isotope (grade II). A biopsy of a minor salivary gland showed periductal lymphocytic infiltration and acinar cell destruction. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed the cross-reactive idiotype of a monoclonal rheumatoid factor which is associated with a patient with Sjögren's syndrome, in the infiltrating lymphocytes and plasma cells of the minor salivary glands, but not in the lymphoepithelial lesions of the left submandibular gland. This was a rare case concerning a 91-year old patient with Sjögren's syndrome who developed a lymphoepithelial lesion and showed high activity in the serum and gives us valuable information on the relationship between aging and autoimmunity.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Inhaled nonasbestos fibers; pulmonary concentrations and fiber size in autopsied urban residents].

Nonasbestos fiber concentrations and fiber size distribution in autopsied lung tissues of 53 urban residents (34 males and 19 females) were analyzed by low temperature ashing-analytical transmission electron microscopy. The following findings were obtained. 1. Pulmonary nonasbestos fibers were found in all samples. Fiber consisting mainly of aluminum and silicon represented 80.0% of the total nonasbestos fibers observed. 2. The geometric mean concentration of nonasbestos fiber was significantly higher in males (47.6 x 10(6) fibers/g dry lung) than in females (18.2 x 10(6) fibers/g dry lung) (p < 0.05). This may be caused by differences in occupational exposure to nonasbestos fibers between males and females. 3. In females, the geometric mean concentration of nonasbestos fibers of smokers (34.6 x 10(6) fibers/g dry lung) was higher than that of nonsmokers (11.4 x 10(6) fibers/g dry lung), while, in males, the geometric mean concentration of nonasbestos fibers was lower in smokers (53.9 x 10(6) fibers/g dry lung) than in nonsmokers (89.1 x 10(6) fibers/g dry lung). These differences were not statistically significant. 4. The mean value for the ratio of nonasbestos fiber to asbestos concentration which ranged from 2.3 to 268 in males, and from 1.3 to 52.0 in females, was 30.1 and 20.2 respectively. 5. The mean length, diameter and aspect ratio for nonasbestos fibers were 1.01 microns, 0.103 microns and 11.3, respectively. Although nonasbestos fibers were almost equal in length to asbestos, the mean diameter of nonasbestos fibers was almost one-half of that of asbestos. Most of nonasbestos fibers (99.0%) were too small to be visible by light microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case report of graft replacement of the ascending and transverse aorta without homologous red blood cell transfusion].

A 28-year-old man of DeBakey type I dissecting aneurysm was received graft replacement of the ascending and transverse aorta under the deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion for cerebral protection during circulatory arrest. From 3 weeks before operation, autologous blood was collected from the patient with the intravenous administration of a recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and was subsequently used in the operation. As result, the graft replacement of the ascending and transverse aorta was performed without homologous red blood cell transfusion and postoperative neurological complications. We believe autologous blood transfusion with rHuEPO and circulatory arrest with CRCP contributes operations of aortic aneurysms without homologous blood transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The relationship between flow velocity waveforms of umbilical and fetal middle cerebral arteries and cord blood gas values].

Umbilical artery (UA) and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow velocity waveforms were obtained from 55 fetuses just prior to elective cesarean section at 36-39 weeks of gestation and the resistance index (RI) was calculated for each waveform. Cord blood samples were obtained from both the umbilical artery and the vein at cesarean section and the blood gas values were measured immediately. The coefficients of correlation between the cord blood gas values and the resistance indices were obtained. 1. UA-RI had a significant negative correlation with pH and Po2, and a positive correlation with Pco2. 2. MCA-RI had a significant positive correlation with pH and Po2, and a negative correlation with Pco2. 3. The UA-RI/MCA-RI ratio had a significant negative correlation with pH and Po2, and a positive correlation with Pco2. 4. The best correlation was found in the UA-RI/MCA-RI ratio, and the UA-RI, MCA-RI and UA-RI/MCA-RI ratios had a closer correlation with umbilical arterial blood gas values than with umbilical venous blood gas values. A Doppler study of fetal blood distribution would be a useful method in the noninvasive assessment of the fetal blood gas state at 36-39 weeks of gestation.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1993

[A clinical study on cefditoren pivoxil in pediatrics].

Clinical evaluations of cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI, ME 1207) in granules were carried out. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Thirty-nine patients with pediatric infections were treated with CDTR-PI. Clinical responses of 36 assessable cases were excellent in 25, good in 9 and fair in 2. The overall efficacy rate was 94%. 2. Bacteriologically, 30 of the 31 identified bacteria presumed to be pathogens were eradicated and the eradication rate was 97%. 3. Side effects observed were diarrhea in 3 of 39 patients. The incidence was 7.7%. Abnormal laboratory test results were not observed. The results suggested that CDTR-PI might be a very useful and safe drug for the treatment of pediatric infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Selective cerebral perfusion and pharmacological cerebral protection in the patients with aortic arch aneurysm].

We have developed the protocol for selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) and pharmacological cerebral protection, and used it successfully in cases of aortic arch aneurysm. The subjects of the present study were 34 patients (28 males, 6 females) whose aortic arch aneurysm were surgically treated. Preoperative brain CT and brain scintigram showed high incidence of brain ischemia. However only 4 patients experienced a neurological episode. We conclude that our SCP technique and pharmacological cerebral protection are useful component to surgery of the aortic arch.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Cardiac hemangioma of the interventricular septum and right ventricle: a case report].

A 52-year-old man who had been pointed out cardiac tumor on echocardiography, CT, MRI and coronary angiography was admitted to our hospital. He was asymptomatic. The surgical excision of the tumor was performed under extracorporal circulation and the postoperative period was free of event. It was not certain whether it originated from interventricular septum or right ventricle. The histology was mixed hemangioma composed of capillary and cavernous type.

Heart Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Prognosis of periventricular echodensities--its relationship with periventricular leukomalacia].

We studied periventricular echodensities (PVE) in 154 premature infants under 33 weeks of gestational age. PVEs were classified into four groups due to Pidcock's description, and its relation with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) was examined as a cause of cerebral palsy. Twelve (11%) of 112 infants with PVE 2 and all of 10 infants with PVE 3 were developed cystic PVL. PVE 3 was therefore considered to be the same as the pathological PVL. Infants of PVE 2 - 3 groups were more premature and lower in birth weight, and they were more often complicated with respiratory distress syndrome, asphyxia, recurrent apneic episode, patent ductus arteriosus and hypocarbia than those of PVE 0 - 1 groups. PVE 2 disappeared in patients with PVL later than in those without PVL.

Electroencephalography↗