Biomedical subjects

Y Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takeuchi.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Spinal muscular atrophy in trizygotic triplets.

The clinical, electrophysiological, pathological and genetic findings in trizygotic triplets with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are reported. The first child was clinically affected shortly after birth and the third one first showed symptoms at 1 month of age. Electromyography and a muscle biopsy provided evidence of lower motor neuron disease. The second child remains clinically normal, but electromyography showed fibrillation potentials and regular spontaneous motor unit activity at rest. Genetic linkage analysis revealed that the two siblings with typical type 1 SMA had the same chromosome 5q haplotype, and that the second child had a different haplotype. It is considered that in this family there is a link to SMA 5q and there is little possibility that the second child is affected. These data emphasize the need to adhere to strict clinical criteria for the diagnosis of chromosome 5q SMA.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5↗

PubMed1994

Management of an infected urachal cyst during pregnancy.

An infected urachal cyst complicating a pregnancy is extremely rare, but is considered to present a high risk to both the mother and the fetus. We treated a patient with an infected urachal cyst diagnosed at 29 weeks of gestation. A healthy infant was delivered by cesarean section at 37 weeks of gestation. The patient underwent excision of the unruptured cyst 37 days later. This is the first reported case of an infected urachal cyst complicating a pregnancy, that was diagnosed before rupture and was managed without serious sequelae for either the mother or the fetus. The diagnosis and management of the infected urachal cyst complicating the pregnancy is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Type C retrovirus inactivation by human complement is determined by both the viral genome and the producer cell.

The inactivation of type C retroviruses by human serum may be a considerable impediment to the use of retroviral vectors in vivo for gene therapy. Here we show that virus inactivation is dependent both on the virus and on the cell line used to produce the virus. All viruses produced from murine NIH 3T3 or dog Cf2ThS+L- cells are sensitive to human serum. In contrast, those produced from mink Mv-1-Lu and human HOS or TE671 cells are at least partially resistant, with the exception of murine leukemia viruses. In particular, the feline endogenous virus RD114 is completely resistant to a panel of eight human sera when produced from Mv-1-Lu or HOS cells. This differential resistance is controlled by the viral envelope proteins. Virus inactivation can be correlated with the ability of the producer cells to be lysed by human serum. Inactivation of sensitive viruses requires the classical pathway of complement but does not require virion lysis.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed1994

Isolation and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants infectious to brain-derived cells: detection of common point mutations in the V3 region of the env gene of the variants.

T-cell-line-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cannot infect CD4-positive, brain-derived cells. We isolated several new variants that readily infected brain-derived cells. Mutation of proline to serine, to alanine, or to threonine in the well-conserved GPGR sequence in the V3 region of the envelope glycoprotein was found in all these variants. This indicates the importance of amino acid sequences at the tip of the V3 region for brain cell tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Frequency of renin gene restriction fragment length polymorphism in hypertensives with a genetic predisposition to hypertension.

The genetic basis of essential hypertension is still uncertain. Because renin is thought to be a candidate gene for essential hypertension, a prospective study was conducted to compare the frequency of renin gene HindIII restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in normotensive and hypertensive subjects without (HTG-) and with a genetic predisposition to essential hypertension (HTG+). The frequency of the 9.0-kb fragment was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the HTG+ group than in the normotensive and HTG- groups. An association between renin RFLP and hypertension in man was shown for the first time. It is suggested that a gene for blood pressure regulation has been localized to a part of the genome close to, or identical to, the renin locus.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Hemodynamic changes in the head and neck after ligation of the unilateral carotid arteries: a study using color Doppler imaging.

For evaluation of the hemodynamics of the collateral circulation to the ligated external carotid artery (ECA) region, we measured the blood flow direction and volume in branches of the ECA in patients with unilateral carotid artery ligation before and during digital suppression of the common carotid artery (CCA) on the ligated and nonligated sides with color Doppler imaging and angiography. The main collateral pathway to the ligated ECA region was the ipsilateral occipital artery through Richter's anastomosis from the vertebral artery in the case of unilateral ECA ligation, and was the contralateral carotid artery in the case of unilateral CCA, ECA, and internal carotid artery resection. The superior and inferior labial arteries were important as the collateral pathway from the contralateral ECA.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed1994

Efficacy of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy.

Children with spinal muscular atrophy were treated by the administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. In three infants with spinal muscular atrophy type I, thyrotropin-releasing hormone showed little efficacy, but in children with types II and III, there was improvement in motor function and electromyographic findings after the thyrotropin-releasing hormone therapy. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone has a neurotrophic effect on the spinal anterior motor neurons of spinal muscular atrophy patients and thus may be warranted for the management of spinal muscular atrophy.

Age of Onset↗

PubMed1994

ESR study of membrane perturbation and the lysis of liposomes induced by chlorpromazine.

The mechanism of interaction between chlorpromazine (CPZ) and artificial lipid membranes, negatively or positively charged liposomes was studied by an electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. Analysis by a 5-doxyl stearic acid (DS) spin probe indicated that regardless of the electric charge of liposomes, CPZ disordered the hydrophobic region near the surface of lipid membranes at CPZ/lipid > 1. In the same CPZ/lipid range, the lysis of liposomes was observed, and it was considered that the formation of the CPZ/lipid mixed micelles as a consequence of this collapse of liposomes would probably lead to the disordering of the 5-DS reporting region. As to the middle portion of the fatty acyl chains reported by the 12-DS spin probe, the membrane disordering action of CPZ was only detected with the negatively charged liposomes at a ratio of CPZ/lipid < 1, but no membrane alteration was observed with the positively charged liposomes, regardless of the concentration range of CPZ used. In comparing these two opposite results, it is conceivable that the disordering at the 12-DS reporting region was probably induced by the cationized CPZ which would enter into the hydrocarbon-polar interface, leading to an expansion of the space between the hydrocarbon chains at this area. Also, a strong influence of CPZ on the innermost portion of the lipid bilayers was observed with both the negatively and positively charged liposomes, as reported by the 16-DS probe. This perturbing action presumably occurred when undissociated CPZ molecules penetrated into the center of the bilayers (lipid core), which could have resulted in a reduction of hydrophobic interactions of the lipid molecules.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1994

Protective effect of glycine against liposome membrane-perturbation and lysis induced by chlorpromazine.

The protective effect of glycine against the perturbing action of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on liposome membranes was investigated by an electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. Analysis using a 5-doxyl stearic acid (DS) spin probe indicated that the hydrophobic region near the surface of the liposomes containing glycine was restricted in motion by the addition of CPZ. This result suggested that the spaces between hydrocarbons in this portion would be narrowed by the penetrance of cationized CPZ molecules into the polar-hydrocarbon interface of the liposomes, in which the surface region may be tightly packed by glycine. The presence of glycine caused no difference in the disordering action of CPZ in the 12-DS reporting portion, suggesting that glycine could not influence the depth of the penetrance of cationized CPZ into the hydrocarbon phase near the surface of liposomes. The perturbing action of CPZ on the 16-DS-labeled liposomes was weakened by the presence of glycine, suggesting the reduced penetrance of undissociated CPZ molecules into the center of the bilayers (lipid core). Thus, glycine presumably prevented CPZ molecules incorporated into the liposome surface from transferring into the lipid core by its packing effect. It was shown that glycine could reduce the liposome lytic action of CPZ, without decreasing its surface activating action. This observed anti-lytic effect could be explained as a result of the above-described inhibition of the penetrance of CPZ into the lipid core.

Chlorpromazine↗

PubMed1994

Left atrial backward ejection in symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--assessment by transthoracic and transesophageal Doppler echocardiography.

BACKGROUND: During atrial contraction, the left atrium produces both forward ejection to the left ventricle and backward ejection to pulmonary veins. PURPOSE: To determine quantitatively left atrial ejection performance in symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients by using left atrial systolic time intervals. METHOD: Thirty-one patients with symptomatic HCM and sinus rhythm and 31 normal subjects were studied with transthoracic and transesophageal Doppler echocardiography. Left atrial pre-ejection period (APEP), corrected atrial pre-ejection period (APEPc), and the duration (AET) and the time velocity integral (IA) of the atrial contraction wave in transmitral flow were determined. The duration (PV-AET) and the time velocity integral (PV-IA) of reverse pulmonary venous flow during atrial contraction were also determined. RESULTS: For normal subjects, significant correlations were found between APEP and electrocardiographic P wave duration (r = 0.78, p < 0.001), and between APEPc and left atrial forward ejection indices (AET: r = -0.42, p = 0.01, IA: r = -0.54, p < 0.05, respectively), but not between APEP and either of the two latter indices. These findings indicate that, for normal subjects, APEPc is a better index of left atrial systolic function than APEP. In contrast, for HCM patients, significant correlations were found between APEPc and left atrial backward ejection indices (PV-AET: r = -0.49; p < 0.005, PV-IA: r = -0.66; p < 0.001, respectively), but not between APEPc and left atrial forward ejection indices. CONCLUSION: Augmentation of left atrial afterload may result in decreased left atrial forward ejection and increased left atrial backward ejection. Thus, both left atrial forward ejection and left atrial backward ejection must be considered in the assessment of left atrial ejection performance in patients with symptomatic HCM.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Fetal and uteroplacental flow velocity waveforms in abruptio placentae: report of two cases.

This paper reports two cases of abruptio placentae assessed using pulsed Doppler at 29 and 30 weeks of gestation. Transvaginal pulsed Doppler showed abnormal uterine artery FVWs in both cases. One fetus with normal umbilical and normal middle cerebral artery FVWs was not acidotic and only midly hypoxic, whereas the other fetus with normal umbilical and abnormal middle cerebral artery FVWs was severely acidotic and hypoxic at birth. It is suggested that Doppler assessment of fetal blood distribution is of great value for the rapid diagnosis of fetal asphyxia, and that uteroplacental FVWs provide reliable information on which to base the diagnosis of abruptio placentae.

Abruptio Placentae↗

PubMed1994

[Investigation of the development of dermatitis in hypotrichotic rats--microbiological study].

The hereditary hypotrichotic (WBN/IIa-Ht) rat is affected by dermatitis characterized by erosions and crust formation on dorsal skin areas. The bacterial flora of this dermatitis and the normal skin of the hypotrichotic rat was examined. As controls the cutaneous flora of atrichotic and Wistar rats was examined, and the results compared with those in hypotrichotic rats. The total number of bacterial colonies from the lesions and normal skin of hypotrichotic rats were 3.9 x 10(5) to 1.16 x 10(8) CFU/cm2 and 1.6 x 10(3) to 1.8 x 10(4) CFU/cm2, respectively. In the lesions, overwhelming numbers of S. aureus were detected as almost pure cultures. In the normal skin, S. aureus was predominant, accounting for about 90% of all bacteria. The total number of bacterial colonies in the atrichotic rats was the same as in the hypotrichotic rats. The majority of the isolates were Staphylococcus sp., and about half of them were identified as S. aureus. The total number of bacterial colonies from the skin of individual Wistar rats varied extremely, ranging from 64 to 2.98 x 10(5) CFU/cm2. The flora mainly consisted of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), S. aureus, and alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus sp., and CNS was isolated most frequently. Histopathological examination of the eroded portions in hypotrichotic rats revealed many clusters of coccoid bacteria and neutrophilic cell infiltration of the epidermis. These findings suggest that the dermatitis in hypotrichotic rats was caused by S. aureus and affected by unknown traits of these rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Dietary sources and background levels of hippuric acid in urine: comparison of Philippine and Japanese levels.

Levels of sodium benzoate in processed food from the Philippines and Japan were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that of the 44 samples from the Philippines, 31 (70%) contained the compound. The samples with sodium benzoate included 19 juice, 6 softdrink and 6 soy sauce varieties. As for the Japanese products, only 8 (26%) out of 31 food items tested positive for sodium benzoate. The values of the compound in the Philippine samples ranged from 20 micrograms/ml to more than 2,000 micrograms/ml; the Japanese products showed a range of 50 to 200 micrograms/ml. Background urinary hippuric acid levels in 43 male Filipinos and 34 male Japanese with no occupational exposure to toluene were also measured using a high performance liquid chromatograph. Hippuric acid levels expressed as geometric means (SD) were 0.11 g/g creatinine (0.41) for the Filipino subjects and 0.09 g/g creatinine (0.39) for the Japanese subjects. No statistically significant difference in hippuric acid values in the 2 groups was noted. Possible explanations for the lack of any difference in background urinary hippuric acid levels between Filipino and Japanese subjects were discussed.

Benzoates↗

PubMed1994

[Clinical studies on clarithromycin dry syrup in the pediatric field. Pediatric Study Group of TE-031 Dry Syrup].

Clarithromycin dry syrup, a new drug preparation, was clinically evaluated in the pediatric field and the following results were obtained: 1. Absorption and excretion In infants administered with single oral dose of 5 mg (potency)/kg and 10 mg/kg, the Cmax was 2.26 +/- 0.42 and 3.23 micrograms/ml; Tmax, 1.6 +/- 0.1 and 2.0 hours; T 1/2, 3.89 +/- 0.52 and 2.06 hours; AUC (0-infinity), 13.48 +/- 1.93 and 13.84 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively. Urinary concentrations peaked in 2-4 hours after administration at 5 mg/kg and 0-2 hours at 10 mg/kg. Urinary recovery rates in the first 6 hours were 25.8 +/- 3.9% at 5 mg/kg and 20.7% at 10 mg/kg. 2. Clinical results The clinical efficacy of the drug was evaluated in 150 patients with various infections. Clarithromycin dry syrup was administered to all the patients at daily doses of 10-15 mg/kg divided into 2-3 equal doses. The overall clinical efficacy rate was 98.0%, and this drug was effective in 98.9% of 90 patients for whom the causative pathogens were identified and in 96.7% of the other 60 patients for whom the causative pathogens were unknown. The bacteriological eradication rate was 88.5%. The efficacy and eradication rates for 19 patients who had not responded to previous chemotherapy that lasted for more than three days were 94.7% (18/19) and 75.0%, respectively. Side effects occurred in 4 (2.4%) of 169 patients subjected to safety analyses, but none was serious. As to abnormal laboratory test results, moderate increases of eosinophils and elevations of transaminases were observed in 5.9% of the cases. No particular and serious problems were associated with administration of this drug. Based on the above results, clarithromycin dry syrup is considered to be very useful and have a good compliance at a daily dose of 10-15 mg/kg divided into 2-3 doses.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1994

[Bacteriological and clinical studies of biapenem (L-627) in pediatrics].

Bacteriological and clinical studies in the pediatric field have been performed on biapenem (L-627), a newly-developed carbapenem antibiotic, and the following results were obtained. 1. In the pharmacokinetic study, the plasma concentration of L-627 showed dose-dependant change: Cmax was 14.6 micrograms/ml and AUC was 15.4 micrograms.hr/ml with the administration of 6 mg/kg, while Cmax was 49.2 micrograms/ml and AUC was 60.1 micrograms.hr/ml with the administration of 12 mg/kg. After the administration of 6 mg/kg, the urinary concentration reached maximum within 2 hours and the cumulative urinary excretion rate in the first 6 hours was 49.4%. 2. Antibacterial activities of L-627 against 27 strains of clinical isolates were determined. MICs of L-627 against such Gram-positive cocci as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes were sufficiently low, and those against such Gram-negative rods as Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli and Bordetella pertussis were satisfactory and as low as those of imipenem or ceftazidime. 3. Clinical efficacies of L-627 were evaluated in 36 cases of bacterial infections. The overall efficacy rate was 100%, and excellent responses in 26 cases and good in 10 cases were obtained. As for bacteriological efficacies, all strains except 1 of B. pertussis were eradicated and a high eradication rate of 96.6% was obtained. 4. No side effects were observed in 37 evaluated cases. As abnormal laboratory test results, eosinophilia was noted in 2 cases (5.4%), but they returned to normal values rapidly after the drug was discontinued. From these results, it has been concluded that L-627 is a safe and effective drug to be used in treatment of pediatric infectious diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Hormone and cytokine receptors in bone cells].

Growth, differentiation and functions of osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells are maintained by coordinate actions of bone-seeking hormones and cytokines. The actions of these regulatory factors develop via the interaction with their specific receptors. Many of the receptors for these factors such as parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, transforming growth factor-beta, insulin-like growth factors, and other cytokines have been cloned, and the intracellular signal transduction systems are being clarified. In addition, growing body of evidence indicates that the interactions between integrins and extracellular matrix proteins also play an important role in the regulation of growth and differentiation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells. Current understanding about the receptors for these hormones, cytokines and matrix proteins are summarized, and the roles of these receptors in the regulation of bone metabolism are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Combined coronary artery bypass grafting and choledocholithotomy--a report of two cases].

A 74-year-old man and a 66-year-old woman were diagnosed as angina pectoris with choledocholithiasis. Combined coronary artery bypass grafting and choledocholithotomy were performed successfully in the two cases. For the prevention of cardiac complications and mediastinal infection, coronary artery bypass grafting was performed prior to choledocholithotomy. However, skin incisions were different in both cases. In the case with the biliary tract infection, both two surgical procedure were performed through a single skin incision in order to prepare the gastroepiploic artery as a graft. The combined operation is considered to be useful in selected cases with ischemic heart disease and choledocholithiasis.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Clinical results of UFT against ovarian carcinoma].

We carried out a phase II study on single oral administration of UFT in 17 patients with ovarian carcinoma. Two PR cases were observed out of 13 evaluable cases for a response rate was 15.4%. Side-effects, appearing in 10 of the cases (58.8%) were mainly anorexia (17.6%), stomatitis (17.8%), nausea/vomiting (11.8%), leukopenia (11.8%) and thrombocytopenia (11.8%), but they were not serious. UFT proved useful in the treatment of patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Administration, Oral↗