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Biomedical subjects

Y Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takeuchi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Increased plasma levels of immunoreactive endothelin and von Willebrand factor in NIDDM patients.

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the significance of plasma levels of endothelin (ET) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) as possible markers for endothelial dysfunction in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Plasma levels of ET and vWF were determined in 22 NIDDM patients with or without retinopathy and 10 normal control subjects. RESULTS: The plasma levels of immunoreactive endothelin (irET) and vWF in NIDDM patients were 0.78 +/- 0.06 pmol/l and 218.3 +/- 18.4%, respectively, which represented significant (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively) differences from the values in the control group (0.50 +/- 0.06 pmol/l and 139.1 +/- 11.1%, respectively, n = 10). However, when the diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy, the plasma levels of irET and vWF in the NIDDM patients with retinopathy were significantly higher (1.01 +/- 0.07 pmol/l and 283.0 +/- 21.4%, respectively, n = 12) compared with the control group and NIDDM patients without retinopathy (0.59 +/- 0.06 pmol/l and 164.3 +/- 17.0%, respectively). Plasma levels of irET showed a significant (P < 0.01) positive correlation with the levels of vWF. CONCLUSIONS: These data strongly suggest that increased plasma irET reflects the endothelial cell damage in NIDDM.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Midbrain paralemniscal projections to the facial nucleus: an anatomical and immunohistochemical study.

Serial 30 microns-thick sections through the midbrain tegmentum were stained with cresyl violet. The PL was found to be situated along the medial edge of the lateral lemniscus. The PL consisted of small- (10-15 microns) and medium-sized neurons (25-35 microns), and was the most prominent at the caudal level of the superior colliculus. In order to confirm the existence of the inhibitory paralemniscal-facial pathway, a combined HRP and immunohistochemical technique was use in the rat. This experiment revealed that 10.9% of the total number of GABA immunoreactive PL neurons also labeled with HRP after HRP injection was made in the medial part of the facial nucleus (FN). Electron microscopic observations were carried out on the medial part of the facial nucleus (FN) after kainic acid injection was made into the contralateral PL in the cat. The majority of degenerating PL fibers were ranged from 0.5 to 3.1 microns in diameter and made synaptic contacts with somata, proximal dendrites and dendritic profiles. These fibers, containing either round or pleomorphic vesicles, formed asymmetrical or symmetrical synapses. It was of particular interest in the present study that 40.7% of the total number of degenerating fibers make synaptic contacts with large dendrites more than 3.0 microns in diameter.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Ultrastructure of spinal relay of hypoglossal afferents to the parabrachial nucleus.

Wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) injection into the hypoglossal nerve mainly resulted in retrograde labeling in the superior ganglia of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves ipsilaterally. Anterogradely labeled fibers were found in lamina I of the ipsilateral upper cervical spinal cord with a few distribution to laminae IV-V and VII-VIII. WGA-HRP injection into the PBN revealed intensive labeling of lamina I neurons of the upper cervical spinal cord ipsilaterally. These light microscopic observations appear to indicate the hypoglossal sensory inputs to the PBN through the spinal cord. In order to investigate the synaptic nature of this spinal relay, electron microscopic observations were carried out on lamina I of the first and second cervical spinal cord after cutting the hypoglossal nerve and WGA-HRP injection into the PBN in the same animal. The spinoparabrachial projection neurons were demonstrated to show a low cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio and have an oval or deeply indented nucleus with a centrally located nucleolus. Furthermore, dark and light type degenerating fibers were observed to make synaptic contacts with HRP-labeled somata and dendritic profiles.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1995

Hypoglossal afferents to lamina I neurons of the cervical spinal cord projecting to the parabrachial nucleus in the cat.

Attempts were made to determine the hypoglossal sensory inputs to the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) through the spinal cord. Wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA:HRP) was injected into the cat hypoglossal nerve. HRP-labeled fibers, predominantly derived from the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves, were observed to terminate in lamina I of the upper cervical spinal cord. A few fibers were also distributed to laminae IV-V and VII-VIII ipsilaterally. WGA:HRP injection into the lateral portion of the PBN also resulted in retrograde labeling in lamina I with ipsilateral predominance. Light-microscopic data raised the possibility of a relay of hypoglossal sensory information to the PBN in lamina I of the cervical spinal cord. In order to confirm the spinal relay, electron-microscopic observations were carried out on lamina I of C1 spinal cord after sectioning of the hypoglossal nerve and WGA:HRP injection into the lateral portion of the PBN on the same side in each animal. It was of particular interest that degenerated hypoglossal afferent fibers made synaptic contacts with lamina I neurons, which were retrogradely labeled with HRP.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1995

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies with azithromycin (fine granule) in the pediatric field. Pediatric Study Group of Azithromycin].

Azithromycin (AZM) in 10% fine granules, a newly developed azalide antibiotic, was administered at a standard dose of 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 to 5 days (89.5% received 3 day administration) to children with infectious diseases and the efficacy and the safety of AZM were investigated. In addition AZM concentrations were determined in blood samples from 18 patients and in urine samples from 17 patients to examine o pharmacokinetic characteristics of AZM. 1. Absorption and excretion: Cmax's in 16 patients who received 10 mg/kg and 2 patients who received 20 mg/kg were 0.29 +/- 0.24 micrograms/ml and 0.75 micrograms/ml, respectively, while T 1/2's were 42.0 +/- 11.8 hours for the former and 51.3 hours for the latter. AUC(0 to approximately infinity)'s were 10.72 +/- 5.00 micrograms x hr/ml in the former and 28.83 micrograms x hr/ml in the latter. Urinary concentrations of AZM peaked at 48 to 72 hours after the administration of 10 mg/kg AZM in 14 patients, while it peaked at 24 to 48 hours in the patients who received 20 mg/kg. Urinary recovery rates in the first 120 hours after the start were 9.1 +/- 2.6% for 10 mg/kg and 10.8 +/- 3.4% for 20mg/kg. 2. Clinical efficacy: The study received 619 entries and 564 cases were evaluated for drug efficacy. The remaining were not evaluated because of dropout or exclusion. The efficacy rate, combining both "Excellent" and "Good" cases was 94.3% in 246 cases where pathogens were identified, classified as Group A. The efficacy rate was 90.7% for the remaining 321 cases, classified as Group B, where causative pathogens were unidentified. The difference between the two groups was no statistical significance. The combined efficacy rate was 92.2%. For the 116 cases where the patients had failed to respond to previous chemotherapies instituted for 3 days or longer, the efficacy rate for AZM was 94.0%. 3. Adverse reactions and abnormal laboratory tests: Incidents of diarrhea, soft stool, skin rashes, or vomiting were found in 15 patients (2.5%) of 596 cases eligible for evaluation. These reactions, however, were all transient and mild to moderate in severity in the 15 patients including 4 patients for whom the treatment was discontinued, all resolved in time. Abnormal changes in laboratory tests were found as follows: decrease in WBC in 23 patients (5.6%), increase in eosinophils in 28 (7.1%), increase in platelet count in 2 (0.5%), decrease in platelet count in 1 (0.3%), elevation of GOT in 3 (0.8%), and elevation of GPT in 6 (1.6%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Absorption↗
PubMed1995

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies with azithromycin (capsule) in the pediatric field. Pediatric Study Group of Azithromycin].

Azithromycin (AZM) in 100 mg capsules, a newly developed azalide antibiotic, was administered at a standard dose of 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 to 5 days (89.9% received 3 day administration) to children with infectious diseases and the efficacy and the safety of AZM were investigated. In addition, AZM concentrations were determined in blood samples from 9 patients and in urine samples from 12 patients to examine pharmacokinetic characteristics of AZM. 1. Absorption and excretion: Cmax was 0.45 +/- 0.28 micrograms/ml, T 1/2 was 52.7 +/- 20.2 hours, and AUC(0 approximately to infinity) was 12.09 +/- 4.93 micrograms.hr/ml in the 9 patients each of whom received 8.5 to 14.3 mg/kg AZM. Urinary concentrations of AZM peaked at 48 to 72 hours after the administration of 8.5 to 14.7 mg/kg AZM in 12 patients and the average urinary recovery rate in 120 hours was 7.3 +/- 2.8%. 2. Clinical efficacy: The study received 139 entries and 119 cases were evaluated for drug efficacy. The remaining were not evaluated because of dropout or exclusion. The efficacy rate combining both "Excellent" and "Good" cases, was 100% for 40 cases in which pathogens were identified, classified as Group A. The efficacy rate was 97.5% for the remaining 79 cases, classified as Group B, where causative pathogens were unidentified. The difference between the two groups was no statistical significance. The combined efficacy rate was 98.3%. For the 31 cases where the patients had failed to respond to the previous chemotherapies instituted for 3 days or longer, the efficacy rate for AZM was 93.5%. 3. Adverse reactions and abnormal laboratory tests: 8 incidents of diarrhea, skin rashes, urticaria, or vomiting were found in 7 patients (5.4%) of 130 cases eligible for evaluation. These reactions, however, were all transient and mild to moderate in severity in the 7 patients including 2 patients for whom the treatment was discontinued, all resolved in time. Abnormal changes in laboratory tests were found as follows: decrease in WBC in 10 patients (9.3%), an increase in eosinophils in 12 (11.4%), an increase in platelet count in 1 (1.0%), an elevation of GOT in 3 (3.1%), an elevation of GPT in 6 (6.2%), and an elevation of LDH in 1 (1.1%). The abnormalities were transient and did not require particular intervention. Moreover, none of the patients indicated clinical signs associated with the abnormal changes of laboratory tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Absorption↗
PubMed1995

[Coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with LV dysfunction (EF < or = 30%)--a report of 3 cases].

The purpose of this article is to describe our technique for performing coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass and to demonstrate that this operation is safe and useful to the case of LV dysfunction. Between April 1988 and March 1994, 2 men and 1 woman aged 61 to 69 years (mean 65 years) with LV dysfunction (EF < or = 30%) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass. Saphenous vein grafts were placed to the right coronary artery (n = 2), left anterior descending artery (n = 2), and internal thoracic artery grafts were placed to the right coronary artery (n = 1), left anterior descending artery (n = 1). The post operative course were uneventful in all patients and discharged with no complications. All patients underwent coronary angiography, and 5 of 6 (83.3%) grafts placed without cardiopulmonary bypass were patent. In selected patients, coronary artery bypass grafting to the case of LV dysfunction without cardiopulmonary bypass can be performed safe and satisfactory graft patency rates.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Comparative studies on the antiallergic effects of kampo medicines used for the therapy of respiratory diseases.

Eight kinds of kampo medicines mainly used for the treatment of asthma and other respiratory diseases, whose comparative effects were still unproven, were selected for comparison of their antiallergic activity in the present study. 1) In an experiment on 48-hr PCA reaction in rats passively sensitized with anti egg albumin IgE antisera, inhibitory effects were observed in those groups orally administered with the tested kampo medicines. Among the drugs tested, TJ-19 showed a potent inhibitory activity as effective as that of tranilast (TL). 2) In the study of extraction method, the effects of kampo drugs varied widely according to the extraction method by which they were prepared. This suggests that the routine methods for preparing these extracts should be reconsidered to achieve the optimal efficacy. 3) In the study of histamine release from rat peritoneal cells stimulated with compound 48/80, TJ-55, TJ-19 and TL exerted a strong inhibition, but TJ-119, TJ-29 and TJ-96 had a weak inhibition. 4) TJ-96, TJ-19 and TL exerted a strong inhibitory effect on LTC, release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by calcium (Ca) ionophore A23187, but TJ-95, TJ-55 and TJ-119 exerted only a weak inhibition. To sum up of the results, any of these kampo medicines have unique pharmacological action and antiallergic effects. Besides, the method for extraction affects the efficacy of kampo medicine in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of surgical repair for the aortic insufficiency due to the tears of the aortic cusps during PTCA].

We report a rare case of aortic insufficiency due to the tears of the aortic cusps during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). A 62-year-old man successfully underwent simultaneous aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting. The post operative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. This report emphasizes the need to consider the possibility of acquired aortic insufficiency due to the complication of PTCA.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1995

[A surgical case of descending aortic aneurysm combined with simultaneous aortocoronary bypass grafting through a left lateral thoracotomy].

A 71-year-old man with a descending aortic aneurysm was admitted to the hospital because of abnormal chest CT. Aortogram revealed an aneurysm of the descending aorta. His coronary angiogram showed 75% stenosis at LCX (Seg II). The graft replacement of descending aortic aneurysm and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were performed through a left lateral thoracotomy. Postoperative course was good. Postoperative angiogram demonstrated successful reconstruction of the descending aorta and a patent bypass graft. The patient discharged healthy without any complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[The influence of electrical time interval indices and aging on the left atrial systolic time intervals].

The influence of aging and heart rate on left ventricular systolic time intervals is well known, but the effects on left atrial systolic time intervals, a new index of left atrial function, remain unknown. The influence of aging and heart rate on left atrial systolic time intervals was investigated in 43 normal subjects (13-72 years of age) by Doppler echocardiography. Atrial pre-ejection period, atrial ejection time, and corrected atrial pre-ejection period were obtained by transmitral Doppler echocardiography. Simple regression analysis showed atrial pre-ejection period significantly correlated with P wave duration (PP; r = 0.78), and PR interval (PR; r = 0.60), but not with RR interval (RR). However, multiple regression analysis showed atrial pre-ejection period significantly correlated only with PP. Simple regression analysis found atrial ejection time significantly correlated with PP (r = 0.38), and PR (r = 0.39), but not with RR. However, multiple regression analysis found atrial ejection time did not correlate with any factor significantly. Aging was significantly correlated with corrected atrial pre-ejection period (r = -0.37), but not with corrected atrial ejection time and atrial pre-ejection period. Atrial ejection time significantly correlated with corrected atrial pre-ejection period (r = -0.37), but not with atrial pre-ejection period. Corrected atrial pre-ejection period is a clinically useful index of left atrial systolic function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[An autopsy case of intravascular malignant lymphomatosis with intracranial lymphomatous mass lesions].

A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital, because of weakness in his right leg. On admission, he had generalized hyperreflexia and positive Babinski signs bilaterally. After admission, weakness in his left leg and confusion developed. A cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed increases in cell counts and protein but was negative for malignant cells. Blood chemistry was normal except for elevated LDH. A bone marrow biopsy yielded lymphoma cells. Successive T2-weighted cranial MRI showed a progressively expanding high signal area in the right parieto-occipital lobe. His confusional state improved after chemotherapy; however, two months later another cranial CT showed multiple enhanced mass lesions. The patient died 20 months after the onset of illness. Postmortem examination revealed widespread intravascular aggregates of malignant lymphomatous cells in the cerebrum, lungs and kidney, as well as multiple infarcts without atherosclerosis in the cerebrum. These pathological findings are compatible with those of intravascular malignant lymphomatosis. In addition, extravascularly expanding tumor cells formed multiple nodular lesions in the cerebral hemisphere. An immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for B-cell marker L26. Intracranial lymphomatous mass lesion rarely occurs in cases of intravascular malignant lymphomatosis. In the present case, tumor cells were presumably restricted to intravascular spaces, occluded them and resulted in ischemic lesions in the cerebrum in the early phase, but they expanded extravascularly and developed mass lesions in the terminal stages. In conclusion, intravascular malignant lymphomatosis is considered to be phenotypes of malignant lymphoma. This is the first case of intravascular malignant lymphomatosis associated with intracranial lymphomatous mass lesions in Japan.

Brain↗
PubMed1995

[Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with Sjögren's syndrome--Vg gene rearrangement and expression of bcl-2 protein].

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a unique disease which develops a high incidence of lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) such as monoclonal gammopathy or malignant lymphoma. In order to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the emergence of monoclonal B cell proliferation at the site of a chronic autoimmune reaction, the rheumatoid factor (RF) related germline gene Vg and expression of the bcl-2 gene in the lymphoepithelial lesion (LEL) were studied. Predominant usage of the Vg or Vg-like genes was found in the peripheral blood leukocytes in SS patients and abundant expression of bcl-2 protein in the lymphocytes in and around the LEL were observed. These results suggest that RF clones were activated resulting into monoclonal proliferation and overexpression of bcl-2 protein play a role allowing the cell to escape a apoptotic cell death resulting into the increased risk of monoclonal proliferation in SS patients.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Study on the distribution of muscle spindles in the rat extensor digitorum longus muscle].

The distribution of muscle spindles (MS) in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of the rat hind limb was morphologically studied on a series of longitudinal cryostat sections. The intrafusal muscle fibers were brownishly stained with the acetylcholinesterase reaction, and the mucopolysaccharide contained in the equatorial periaxial space was stained with alcian blue. This double-staining method made it easy for us to find the MS and to decide the equatorial portion and the whole extension of MS. From a series of camera lucida drawings the distribution of all MS was reconstructed on a sheet of paper and three-dimensionally imaged on a personal computer using image reconstructing software. The MS were distributed mainly in the superficial and lateral part of EDL muscle. Additionally, an ATPase reaction was employed to detect the red muscle fibers, and it was confirmed that their distribution of them is similar to that of MS.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1995

Mode of inflammatory cell infiltration in testes of mice injected with syngeneic testicular germ cells without adjuvant.

We previously established an experimental model for autoimmune inflammation of the testis in mice by active immunisation with viable syngeneic testicular germ cells without the use of adjuvants. In the present study, the mode of spread of the inflammation was investigated histologically to determine vulnerable sites for the inflammatory cell infiltration. The results showed that lymphocytic infiltration first appeared in the tunica albuginea adjacent to the tubuli recti and the rete testis. In the next stage, infiltration with lymphocytes, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leucocytes and plasma cells occurred around the tubuli recti and subsequently a mixture of these cells spread centrifugally to the peripheral interstitium of the testis with persistent involvement of the region of the tubuli recti and the tunica albuginea. In the final stage, the inflammatory cells invaded the tubules. However, even in cases with the most severe testicular inflammation, the interstitium in the rete testis region showed only slight inflammatory changes, and no inflammation was seen in the ductuli efferentes, the epididymis or the vas deferens.

Animals↗