A case of a fetus with gastric perforation associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Taketani
Publications and source records attributed to Y Taketani.
Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog treatment on skin condition.
The skin is a target organ of estrogens. Thus, theoretically, a hypoestrogenic state induced by gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) treatment may have effects on skin condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate skin condition during GnRHa treatment. Sixteen premenopausal women undergoing GnRHa treatment for 16 weeks, as a presurgical treatment for uterine leiomyomas, were studied. Measurement of serum estradiol levels and epidermal hydration, and evaluation of subjective findings on skin condition using a questionnaire, were performed every 4 weeks during the treatment period. Serum estradiol levels were significantly suppressed at 4 weeks of treatment, and remained low afterwards. Epidermal hydration measured by corneometer did not show any significant difference at any time point examined, compared with that before treatment. No particular subjective findings relating to the skin (dryness, wrinkling, roughness, pigmentation, itching, formication, reaction to cosmetics) were reported during treatment, whereas complaints about hot flushes and sweating were notable. The results of this preliminary study support the notion that GnRHa treatment for 16 weeks is unassociated with apparent changes in skin condition.
Adult↗
Human L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1): characterization of function and expression in tumor cell lines.
System L is a major nutrient transport system responsible for the transport of large neutral amino acids including several essential amino acids. We previously identified a transporter (L-type amino acid transporter 1: LAT1) subserving system L in C6 rat glioma cells and demonstrated that LAT1 requires 4F2 heavy chain (4F2hc) for its functional expression. Since its oncofetal expression was suggested in the rat liver, it has been proposed that LAT1 plays a critical role in cell growth and proliferation. In the present study, we have examined the function of human LAT1 (hLAT1) and its expression in human tissues and tumor cell lines. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes with human 4F2hc (h4F2hc), hLAT1 transports large neutral amino acids with high affinity (K(m)= approximately 15- approximately 50 microM) and L-glutamine and L-asparagine with low affinity (K(m)= approximately 1.5- approximately 2 mM). hLAT1 also transports D-amino acids such as D-leucine and D-phenylalanine. In addition, we show that hLAT1 accepts an amino acid-related anti-cancer agent melphalan. When loaded intracellularly, L-leucine and L-glutamine but not L-alanine are effluxed by extracellular substrates, confirming that hLAT1 mediates an amino acid exchange. hLAT1 mRNA is highly expressed in the human fetal liver, bone marrow, placenta, testis and brain. We have found that, while all the tumor cell lines examined express hLAT1 messages, the expression of h4F2hc is varied particularly in leukemia cell lines. In Western blot analysis, hLAT1 and h4F2hc have been confirmed to be linked to each other via a disulfide bond in T24 human bladder carcinoma cells. Finally, in in vitro translation, we show that hLAT1 is not a glycosylated protein even though an N-glycosylation site has been predicted in its extracellular loop, consistent with the property of the classical 4F2 light chain. The properties of the hLAT1/h4F2hc complex would support the roles of this transporter in providing cells with essential amino acids for cell growth and cellular responses, and in distributing amino acid-related compounds.
Amino Acid Transport Systems↗
Molecular events involved in up-regulating human Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporter LAT1 during T-cell activation.
We investigated the regulation of system-L amino acid transporter (LAT1) during T-cell activation. In quiescent T-cells, L-leucine transport is mediated mainly by the system-L amino acid transport system and is increased significantly during T-cell activation by PMA and ionomycin. In quiescent T-cells, the LAT1 protein was heterocomplexed with 4F2 heavy chain (4F2hc) in the plasma membrane. During T-cell activation, the amounts of 4F2hc and LAT1 heterocomplex were significantly elevated compared with those in quiescent T-cells. In addition, by Northern-blot analysis, these increments were found to be due to elevated levels of LAT1 and 4F2hc mRNA. Transient expression of constructs comprising various LAT1 gene promoter fragments, which contained all three of the GC boxes, was sufficient for promoting luciferase expression in Jurkat T-cells, but the promoter of the LAT1 gene did not respond to PMA and ionomycin. Similar observations were observed in the human 4F2hc gene promoter. In nuclear run-on assay, the LAT1 and 4F2hc genes were actively transcribed even in quiescent T-cells, but the low levels of both transcripts were shown to be the result of a block to transcription elongation within the exon 1 intron 1 regions. These findings indicated that a removal of the block to mRNA elongation stimulates the induction of system-L amino acid transporter gene transcripts (LAT1 and 4F2hc) in activated T-cells.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Analysis of E6 variants of human papillomavirus type 33, 52 and 58 in Japanese women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia/cervical cancer in relation to their oncogenic potential.
The variation of the E6 region of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is associated with a high risk for cervical carcinogenesis. To see whether the same is the case with HPV33, 52 and 58, known to have high homology with HPV16, we analyzed the E6 sequence variation of these HPVs in 107 Japanese women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or invasive cervical cancer (ICC): 20 HPV33-positive, 46 HPV52-positive and 41 HPV58-positive cases. HPV33 variants were more frequently observed in CINs I/II than in CIN III/ICCs (71% (5/7) versus 15% (2/13), P=0.02). In HPV52-positive cases, a single E6 variant was detected in 98% of the cases, whereas the prototype accounted for 98% of HPV58-positive cases. In summary, the distribution of E6 variants is different among HPV types tested, suggesting a link between E6 variation and oncogenic potential being type-specific.
Female↗
Molecular cloning and characterization of mouse EBAG9, homolog of a human cancer associated surface antigen: expression and regulation by estrogen.
We previously identified a human estrogen-responsive gene, EBAG9 (ER-binding fragment-associated antigen9) (Watanabe, T. et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 442-449, 1998). It was later reported as RCAS1 (receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells) that induced apoptosis and suppressed the growth of several cells such as activated T cells (Nakashima, M. et al., Nat. Med. 5, 938-942, 1999). Here, we have isolated both cDNA and genomic DNA of mouse EBAG9/RCAS1. Mouse EBAG9 gene spans about 30 kb in genomic DNA and consists of 7 exons. Mouse EBAG9 cDNA encodes a protein that contains the transmenbrane segment and coiled-coil domain. An alignment between the predicted mouse and human EBAG9 shows a high degree of homology at the amino acid level (98%). Northern and Western blot analyses demonstrate that EBAG9 is expressed in several tissues including the heart, brain, spleen, liver, kidney, and testis, and also in developing embryo. In the uterus, a target organ for estrogen, the EBAG9 was shown to be upregulated in vivo by 17beta-estradiol. To determine the biological action of mouse EBAG9, NIH3T3 fibroblastic cells were incubated with recombinant EBAG9 protein, resulting in suppression of cell growth. These findings suggest that EBAG9 is an in vivo estrogen-responsive gene that inhibits the cell growth.
3T3 Cells↗
Successful emergency endometrial ablation for intractable uterine bleeding in a postmenopausal woman complicated with liver cirrhosis and morbid obesity.
Life-threatening intractable uterine bleeding is difficult to treat when concurrent medical complications contraindicate invasive surgery. We present a case of heavy uterine bleeding in a postmenopausal woman that was complicated by liver cirrhosis and morbid obesity. The bleeding was successfully halted through emergency endometrial ablation after failure of uterine artery embolization.
Electrocoagulation↗
Nasal immunization of mice with peptide having a cross-neutralization epitope on minor capsid protein L2 of human papillomavirus type 16 elicit systemic and mucosal antibodies.
A common cross-neutralization epitope for human papillomavirus types 6 and 16 (HPV 6 and 16) is present in the region of amino acids (aa) 108-120 of HPV-16 minor capsid protein, L2. We nasally immunized Balb/c mice with a synthetic peptide with the 13 aa HPV 16 L2 sequence, and examined the antibodies elicited. ELISA showed that the immunization induced predominantly IgG and IgA antibodies cross-binding to L1/L2-capsids of HPVs 6, 16, and 18 in sera and in vaginal secretions, respectively. The serum containing the IgG antibody and the vaginal wash containing the IgA antibody neutralized HPV 16 pseudovirions and HPV 11 authentic virions, as shown by surrogate infectivity assays. From their cross-binding activity for HPV 16 and 18, the peptide-induced antibodies can probably cross-neutralize most of the genital HPVs. The peptide-induced neutralizing activity in vaginal wash was comparable to that induced by nasally immunization with HPV 16 L1-capsids. Unlike Balb/c, C57BL/10, which has different MHC class II, did not respond to the peptide immunization, but aa substitutions in the peptide to fulfill the requirement for the C57BL/10 agretope rendered the modified peptides immunogenic. The results provide a basis for development of a peptide vaccine against broad-spectrum of genital HPVs for humans.
Administration, Intranasal↗
Mucinous adenocarcinoma arising in a neovagina using the sigmoid colon thirty years after operation: a case report.
BACKGROUND: Because of a relative rarity of the cases with an artificial vagina, the incidence of a case with malignant disease arising in the neovagina is extremely rare. A case of adenocarcinoma arising from a neovagina is presented with a review of the literature. CASE: A neovagina was constructed using the sigmoid colon at the age of 23 for congenital agenesis of the vagina, Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. Subsequently, the patient had regular sexual intercourse for about 20 years. At the age of 53, she came to our outpatient clinic with a complaint of vaginal bleeding, and adenocarcinoma was found at the anterior wall of the neovagina adjoining the introitus. Total resection of the neovagina and adjuvant radiotherapy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was mucinous adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: In view of relatively low incidence of mucinous carcinoma arising in the sigmoid colon along with the ectopic localization, this case may have implications for the understanding of pathogenesis of sigmoid colon cancer.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
Hyperemesis gravidarum associated with thyrotoxicosis and a past history of an eating disorder.
We present a case of severe hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) associated with thyrotoxicosis in a woman with a past history of an eating disorder. She had developed persistent HG from early pregnancy until about at the end of the second trimester with a body loss of 14 kg. Total parenteral nutrition was effective in alleviateing HG. It is suggested that even a past history of an eating disorder could be at risk of developing HG.
Adult↗
Hypophosphatemic rickets accompanying McCune-Albright syndrome: evidence that a humoral factor causes hypophosphatemia.
McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is sometimes complicated by hypophosphatemia. However, it remains unclear whether a humoral factor is associated with the cause of hypophosphatemia. We isolated cells with mutations of the Gsalpha gene from fibrous bone dysplasia tissues of two MAS patients (MAS cells). Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were subjected to experiments using from one of these cells patients. Effects of conditioned media (CM) isolated from MAS cells (MAS-CM) on phosphate transport were investigated by using rat renal slices, the renal cell line OK-B, rat intestinal rings and the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. In addition, the effects of MAS-CM on human sodium-dependent phosphate transporter (NPT2) gene promoter activity expression were investigated in the renal cell line OK-B2400 and were compared with the effects of CM isolated from a patient with oncogenic hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (OHO). MAS cells caused significant hypophosphatemia (P < 0.05) and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.05) in SCID mice. The MAS-CM significantly inhibited phosphate uptake in everted intestinal rings (P < 0.01), whereas it had no effect on glucose uptake. The MAS-CM had no effect on either phosphate uptake in the kidney or NPT2 gene promoter activity. In contrast, the CM of the OHO patient significantly inhibited phosphate uptake and NPT2 gene promoter activity. These results indicate that the humoral factor derived from fibrous dysplasia cells of the MAS patient is different to that from OHO patients, because the humoral factor from the MAS patient inhibited phosphate transport not in the kidney but in the intestine.
Adolescent↗
Effects of pulsed ultrasound on development and glucose uptake of preimplantation mouse embryos.
The effects of pulsed ultrasound (US) on early mouse embryos were investigated. Two-cell embryos contained in oviducts were irradiated to US (1.875 MHz with an I (SPTA) of 2.96 W/cm(2)) in an experimental unit for either 1 or 5 min (exposure groups). The embryos were cultured to examine the rate of developing to blastocysts, and the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) into blastocysts was measured to evaluate their viability. The rates in the exposure groups were essentially the same, with those of the embryos treated similarly in the unit unless being exposed to US (nonexposure groups). However, they were lower than that of embryos not treated in the experimental unit (a control group). There were no significant differences of 2-DG uptake among the 1-min exposure, 1-min nonexposure, and control groups. The uptake in the 5-min exposure group did not differ from that in the 5-min nonexposure group; however, uptake in both groups was lower than that in the control group. Pulsed US for 1 min did not affect viability of preimplantation mouse embryos.
Animals↗
Usefulness of long-jaw forceps in laparoscopic cornual resection of interstitial pregnancies.
Although laparoscopic surgery could be an option for treating interstitial pregnancies, it has not gained wide acceptance largely because of difficulty achieving hemostasis. To overcome this, we employed long-jaw forceps in three cases of interstitial pregnancy that were successfully treated by laparoscopic cornual resection. The forceps grasped a relatively large portion of pregnant myometrium without slipping, thus securing hemostasis and facilitating suturing.
Adult↗
Tumor cell spillage to the vaginal cavity and vaginal stump during the surgery of endometrial carcinoma.
BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to investigate the spillage of the endometrial carcinoma cells to the vaginal cavity and vaginal stump during the surgery. METHODS: Cytologic examination of specimens obtained from the vaginal cavity and vaginal stump during surgery performed on 15 patients with endometrial carcinoma. And the risk factors of carcinoma cell spillage to the vaginal cavity were investigated. RESULTS: Carcinoma cells from the vaginal cavity were negative for nine patients and positive for six patients. Those from the vaginal stump were negative for l4 patients and positive for one patient. In one patient, both were positive. Total abdominal hysterectomy might be one risk of carcinoma cell spillage to the vaginal cavity compared with modified radical hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Endometrial carcinoma cells were spilled into the vaginal cavity in not a few cases and their spillage from there to the vaginal stump could follow during the surgery.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Herbal medicines, Sairei-to and Tokishakuyaku-san, differently modulate the release of cytokines from decidual versus peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
PROBLEM AND METHOD OF STUDY: We have shown that Tokishakuyaku-san (Toki) and Sairei-to (Sai) enhance T helper-1 (Th1) cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs): thereby, they could be a therapeutic means in the treatment of autoimmunity related recurrent abortion in which T helper-2 (Th2) polarization is exaggerated, the condition purported to benefit from these herbal medicines. However, an open question is whether these medicines might enhance Th1 cytokine release in decidual tissues and thereby stimulate the killer activity, thus, working counterproductively by accelerating maternal alloimmune reactions toward fetal tissues. To address this, we examined the effects of these medicines on the release of cytokines from decidual mononuclear cells (DMCs) in comparison with PBMCs on the assumption that they might act differently on these cell types. The effects of these medicines were investigated as related to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G, a nonclassical HLA class I antigen expressed on trophoblasts and a putative crucial player involved in fetomaternal immune interplay. RESULTS: Regarding Th1 cytokines. Toki marginally increased the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but not interferon (IFN)-gamma from DMCs while Sai did not affect the release of both. Both Toki and Sai were without effect in modulating the release of interleukin (IL)-4, a member of Th2 cytokines. Interestingly, the presence of HLA-G reduced the release of Th1 cytokines from DMCs regardless of the addition of Toki, Sai or none. These findings are in sharp contrast with PBMCs on which these medicines seem to act so as to enhance Th1 polarization and attenuate Th2 polarization. CONCLUSION: Differential effects of Toki and Sai on the release of Th1/Th2 cytokines between DMCs and PBMCs may afford the rationale of these medicines in the treatment of autoimmunity-related recurrent abortion.
Adult↗
Caspase-2 deficiency prevents programmed germ cell death resulting from cytokine insufficiency but not meiotic defects caused by loss of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (Atm) gene function.
It is well established that programmed cell death claims up to two-thirds of the oocytes produced during gametogenesis in the developing fetal ovaries. However, the mechanisms underlying prenatal germ cell loss in females remain poorly understood. Herein we report that caspase-11 null female mice are born with a reduced number of oocyte-containing primordial follicles. This phenotype is likely due to failed cytokine processing known to occur in caspase-11 mutants since neonatal female mice lacking both interleukin (IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta also exhibit a reduced endowment of primordial follicles. In addition, germ cell death in wild-type fetal ovaries cultured ex vivo is suppressed by either cytokine, likely via ligand activation of type 1 IL-1 receptors expressed in fetal germ cells. Normal oocyte endowment can be restored in caspase-11 null female mice by simultaneous inactivation of the gene encoding the cell death executioner enzyme, caspase-2. However, caspase-2 deficiency cannot overcome gametogenic failure resulting from meiotic recombination defects in ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (Atm) null female mice. Thus, genetically distinct mechanisms exist for developmental deletion of oocytes via programmed cell death, one of which probably functions as a meiotic quality-control checkpoint that cannot be overridden.
Animals↗
A movable gestational sac in association with a myometrial defect.
An ultrasound examination in a woman at 9 weeks' gestation demonstrated a gestational sac with a live fetus in the left uterine horn which was surrounded by an extremely thin outer lining. An interstitial pregnancy was suspected and laparoscopy was performed. During laparoscopy the purple bulge in the left horn gradually reduced in size and eventually disappeared following the external pressure by the tip of the forceps. We believe this pressure caused contraction of the superficial myometrial fibers resulting in a shift in the location of the gestational sac to the central area of the uterus. The pregnancy continued and on Cesarean section at 34 weeks' gestation, a membranous protrusion of the uterine wall in the left horn was noticed. A myometrial defect caused by an intrauterine intervention in the patient's previous pregnancy was suspected to be the cause of this "movable gestational sac" phenomenon.
Adult↗
A neutrophil elastase inhibitor (ONO-5046) reduces neurologic damage after spinal cord injury in rats.
In view of a cytoprotective effect of elastase inhibitor on chemokine-mediated tissue injury, we examined the neuroprotective effect of ONO-5046, a specific inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, in rats with spinal cord injury. Standardized spinal cord compression markedly increased cytokine-induced neutrophil chemo-attractant (CINC)-1 mRNA and protein. Their increases correlated with neurologic severity of injured rats. Immunohistochemically, CINC-1 protein was detected sequentially in vascular endothelial cells at 4 h, in perivascular neutrophils at 8 h, and in neutrophils infiltrating into cord substance at 12 h. Pretreatment with ONO-5046 (50 mg/kg) markedly ameliorated motor disturbance in injured rats, and reduced CINC-1 protein and mRNA expression. ONO-5046 also significantly reduced the increase of neutrophil accumulation or infiltration estimated by myeloperoxidase activity, and the extent of vascular permeability by Evans blue extravasation in the injured cord segment in comparison to control animals receiving vehicle. These results suggest that CINC-1 contributed to inflammation in rat spinal cord injury and ONO-5046 attenuated neurologic damage partly by blocking CINC-1 production of the chemoattractant, preventing neutrophil activation and vascular endothelial cell injury.
Animals↗