Digestive and absorptive function of orthotopic small intestinal transplantation in the rat.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Takeda
Publications and source records attributed to Y Takeda.
[Physiological significance of epidermal growth factor in fetal maturation and placental growth in mice].
To elucidate the physiological significance of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in fetal and placental development, the effects of neutralization of circulating EGF by anti-EGF antiserum on fetal and placental development were evaluated in pregnant mice. Abdominally administrated antiserum neutralized EGF in fetal and maternal circulation. Fetal weight was not affected by anti-EGF antiserum, but placental weight was suppressed when antiserum was administrated in the latter half of pregnancy. There was no significant difference between control and antiserum injected mice in the affinity and capacity of EGF receptor in the placenta. The number and volume of lamellar bodies were significantly decreased in antiserum treated mice at Day 10-18 compared to control mice. These results suggest that EGF is involved in placental development, especially in late pregnancy. Furthermore, EGF in the circulation may contribute to enhancing fetal lung maturity rather than fetal growth.
Animals↗
[The immunosuppressive acidic protein in the vitreous of fundus diseases].
Immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) is known to be a useful marker for malignant tumors and inflammatory diseases. We have previously reported that serum IAP level was increased in cases of Behçet's disease, especially in the acute phase, and those of retinoblastoma with extraocular infiltration. We assayed IAP levels in the vitreous body of various ocular diseases, including five cases of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), five cases of vitreous hemorrhage including four cases of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and one case of Terson's syndrome, four cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and five cases of acute retinal necrosis syndrome. The single radial immunodiffusion method was used. The vitreous IAP level ranged from 5 to 130 micrograms/ml according to each case. Statistical analysis revealed that the vitreous IAP level was significantly higher in the group of PDR (p less than 0.05) and in the group of acute retinal necrosis syndrome (p less than 0.01) compared to the group of vitreous hemorrhage. In all cases, serum IAP levels were within normal limits. These results suggested that IAP might be produced within the ocular tissue, possibly by the activation of suppressor macrophages and migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the vitreous with pathologic condition.
Adult↗
Precolumn fluorescence tagging reagent for carboxylic acids in high-performance liquid chromatography: 4-substituted-7-aminoalkylamino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazoles.
Four new 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole amine reagents having different functional groups at the 4- and 7-positions, [4-nitro-7-N-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-PZ), 4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulphonyl)-7-N-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxad iazole (DBD-PZ), 4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulphonyl)-7-N-cadaverino-2,1,3-benzoxad iazole (DBD-CD) and ammonium 7-N-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulphonate (SBD-PZ)] were synthesized as fluorogenic tagging reagents for carboxylic acids in high-performance liquid chromatography. The reagents, except SBD-PZ, reacted with carboxylic acid at room temperature in the presence of activation agents to produce fluorescent adducts. The maximum wavelengths of arachidic acid tagged with DBD-PZ, DBD-CD and NBD-PZ were 569 nm (excitation, 440 nm), 561 nm (excitation, 437 nm) and 541 nm (excitation, 470 nm), respectively. Among various activation agents tested [diethyl phosphorocyanidate (DEPC), diphenyl phosphoroyl azide (DPPA), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)-pyridine, 2.2'-dipyridyl disulphide-triphenylphosphine (Mukaiyama A) and 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide-triethylamine (Mukaiyama B)], DEPC and Mukaiyama A were more effective than the others. When the piperazino reagents (DBD-PZ and NBD-PZ) were used as the tagging reagents, the derivatization reaction in the presence of Mukaiyama A was faster than that in the presence of DEPC. Although the reaction in the presence of Mukaiyama A was completed after 30 min, an unknown peak derived from the activation agent appeared on the chromatograms. The fluorescence peak intensities were compared in the presence of DEPC. The order of the fluorescence peak areas obtained after reaction for 6 h in the presence of DEPC was DBD-PZ greater than DBD-CD greater than NBD-PZ. Thirteen saturated free fatty acids (FFAs) derivatized with DBD-PZ (or DBD-CD) and DEPC (or Mukaiyama A) in acetonitrile were separated completely by linear gradient elution on a reversed-phase ODS column. Eight drugs (ibuprofen, indomethacin, dinoprost, prostaglandin E1, dehydrocholic acid, ursodesoxycholic acid, hydrocartisone succinate and prednisolone succinate) were also tagged with DBD-PZ in the presence of DEPC and separated by isocratic elution. The detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) of FFAs tagged with DBD-PZ were in the range 3.2-4.7 fmol, whereas those of drugs were in the range 3.9-14 fmol.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
Pressure-induced high-spin to low-spin transition in CaFeO3.
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Journal Article↗
Molecular cloning, structural characterization and functional expression of the human substance P receptor.
A cDNA encoding the human substance P receptor (SPR) was isolated and the primary structure of the protein was deduced by nucleotide sequence analysis. This SPR consists of 407 residues and is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. Comparison of rat and human SPR sequences demonstrated a 94.5% identity. The receptor was expressed in a COS-7 cell line and displayed a Kd for Tyr-1-SP binding of 0.24 nM. Ligand displacement by naturally occurring tachykinin peptides was SP much greater than neurokinin A greater than neurokinin B. SP stimulation of transfected cells resulted in a rapid and transient inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate response. RNA blot hybridization and solution hybridization demonstrated that SPR mRNA was about 4.5 Kb in size, and was expressed in IM-9 lymphoblast and U373-MG astrocytoma cells, as well as in spinal cord and lung but not in liver.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Survival of leukemic cells in a dormant state following cyclophosphamide-induced cure of strongly immunogenic mouse leukemia (DL811).
The B-cell leukemia line, DL811, established in DDD mice, has been characterized by strong immunogenicity leading to occasional spontaneous cure with tumor dormancy. Cyclophosphamide (CY) is an available chemo-immunotherapeutic agent. The effects of CY on the cure and dormancy of DL811 leukemias were investigated. Simultaneous injection of DL811 cells and CY into athymic nude mice revealed that DL811 cells were sensitive to CY doses of 0.5 mg and more per mouse in a dose-related manner. A single dose of 1 mg CY on day 7 after DL811 cell inoculation was most curative of disseminated leukemias (cure rate: 50-80%) as compared with other single CY doses at different times. Cured mice were strongly immune to DL811 leukemias. This therapeutic modality had no curative effect in athymic nude mice. Relapses occurred occasionally in CY-cured mice and most relapsed tumors had the same surface phenotype as that of the DL811 leukemia. In comparison with DL811 leukemias, however, relapsed tumors were less sensitive to rejection by cured mice and less frequently cured by a single dose of 1 mg CY on day 7 of inoculation, implying that they changed in antigenicity and drug sensitivity. Whole-body irradiation of 400 rad gamma-rays to cured mice raised the incidence of relapses from 22.9 to 44.7% and that of deaths from relapses from 8.6 to 26.3%. Thus, leukemic cells may survive against host immune surveillance in a dormant state and relapse after changing their immunologic and chemotherapeutic natures. Lyt-2+, L3T4- T cells appeared to mediate host anti-tumor immunity to eradicate leukemic cells and maintain dormant state.
Animals↗
Establishment of a human leukemia subline resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and showing non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance.
We have previously reported that K562/ADM, a typical P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug-resistant cell line, is cross-resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and non-TPA type tumor promoters. To elucidate the mechanism of cross-resistance to tumor promoters in K562/ADM, we have established a K562 subline resistant to TPA-induced growth inhibition by exposing K562 cells to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine for 24 hr followed by continuous exposure to TPA. A K562 subline resistant to the TPA-induced growth inhibition, termed K562/TPA, was selected by a limiting dilution technique. K562/TPA was more than 500-fold resistant to TPA compared with parental K562 cells. K562/TPA showed cross-resistance to etoposide, teniposide, adriamycin (ADM), vincristine, vindesine and 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)] methyl-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, but showed collateral sensitivity to cisplatin. Although K562/ADM was not cross-resistant to 3'-deamino-3'-morpholino-13-deoxo-10-hydroxycarminomycin (MX2), an anthracycline derivative, K562/TPA was cross-resistant to MX2. By Northern blot analysis, K562/TPA did not express MDR-1. Accumulation of ADM by K562/TPA was no lower than that of K562 although that of K562/ADM was 5-fold lower than K562. We examined the subcellular distribution of ADM by fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence of ADM was located in the nucleus of K562 and mainly in the cytoplasm of K562/TPA and K562/ADM. The distribution of ADM in K562/TPA, however, was different from that in K562/ADM. These results suggested that K562/TPA had a non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug-resistance phenotype and that the mechanism of drug-resistance in this cell line might be explained by an alteration in the intracellular drug distribution.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
Comparison of carbohydrate and peptide biotinylation on the immunological activity of IgG1 murine monoclonal antibodies.
When the classical amino acid esterification procedure was used for the biotinylation of the IgG1 monoclonal antibody J28 it resulted in a loss of immunological activity. This antibody recognizes the fetoacinar pancreatic (FAP) antigen and the decrease in reactivity was directly proportional to the molar biotin/antibody ratio indicating substitutions at or near the antibody combining site. This effect was specific to J28 since the IgG1 Mab F22 which recognises the same antigen was not damaged by this procedure. Active Mab J28 conjugates were obtained using biotinylation via oligosaccharide moieties. The biotinylation efficiency using this method was dependent on the previous degree of antibody periodate oxidation and the maximal substitution was 3 mol biotin per mol of antibody. Using these conditions the sensitivity of the biotinylated J28 for the FAP antigen was similar to that obtained when using non-substituted antibody in the two antibodies technique.
Animals↗
Characterization of a strongly immunogenic mouse leukemia line (DL811) undergoing spontaneous cure with tumor dormancy.
The strongly immunogenic B-cell leukemia line, DL811, was established from a spontaneous leukemia in DDD mice. When 10(6) DL811 cells were s.c. inoculated, all athymic DDD-nu/nu mice died of disseminated leukemia but less than 20% of euthymic DDD mice were spontaneously cured of it. Although cured mice resisted a challenge with 10(7) DL811 cells, they frequently died of relapse. Whole-body gamma-ray irradiation accelerated the relapse of leukemias, implying that leukemic cells can survive against host immune cell killing in a dormant state. L3T4+ Lyt-2+ T cells were suggested to have a significant role in spontaneous cure and maintenance of the dormant state.
Animals↗
[The effect of maternal IGF-I on fetal and placental growth in mice].
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a polypeptide that mediates growth-promoting actions of GH and has insulin-like activity. Increase in the levels of IGF-I in the maternal and fetal circulation during pregnancy and the identification of the specific receptors for IGF-I in a variety of fetal tissues suggest that IGF-I may play a significant role in the regulation of fetal growth. The present study was undertaken to determine the significance of maternal IGF-I on fetal and placental growth by administering the specific antiserum for IGF-I to pregnant mice. The antiserum was produced by repeatedly injecting recombinant IGF-I into rabbits. The antiserum obtained showed 30% binding to 125I-IGF-I at a dilution of 1:240,000, and crossreactivity with IGF-II was 0.012%. In the first set of experiments, pregnant mice were given a daily dose of 50 microliters of the original antiserum (E-1) or normal rabbit serum (C-1) into the peritoneal cavity between Day 3 and 10. In the second set of experiments, antiserum (E-2) or normal rabbit serum (C-2) was administered between Day 11 and 18. On Day 18, all mice were killed, blood was collected for measurement of levels of IGF-I by RIA, and the weights of fetuses and placentas in individual mice were recorded. The maternal levels of IGF-I in group E-1 and E-2 were extremely low compared to those in group C-1 and C-2. The number of fetuses and rate of abortion among each group were not significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Synthesis and biological properties of carba-analogs of heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Analogs of a heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) that have a CH2-S linkage instead of an S-S linkage in the molecule were synthesized by conventional methods. The synthetic peptides showed toxicity, assayed as induction of fluid secretion in suckling mice, although their toxicities were hundredth that of native ST. This finding implies that ST is not recognized by its receptor protein through an exchange reaction between its disulfide linkages and thiol-groups of its receptor protein(s), but through hydrophobic or electrostatic interactions.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Analysis of the gene of Vibrio hollisae encoding the hemolysin similar to the thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
The gene (designated as Vh-tdh) of Vibrio hollisae 9041 encoding a hemolysin similar to the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) of V. parahaemolyticus contained a 567-base-pair open reading frame (ORF), which was 93.3-93.5% homologous to those of the tdh genes of V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae non-01, and V. mimicus encoding TDH or similar hemolysins. Comparative analysis of the nucleotide sequence containing the Vh-tdh ORF with published nucleotide and amino acid sequences suggested that the Vh-tdh gene and other tdh genes diverged from a common ancestral gene, that the divergence was closely associated with the evolutionary divergence of V. hollisae from other species of genus Vibrio, and that strain-to-strain variation of the Vh-tdh gene exists in V. hollisae.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Analysis of the antigenic difference between Vero toxin 2 (VT2) and VT2 variant (VT2vh) of Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli by a site-directed mutagenesis.
Ouchterlony double gel diffusion analysis of the A and B subunits of purified Vero toxin 2 (VT2) and a variant of VT2 (VT2vh) demonstrated that the difference in antigenicity between VT2 and VT2vh is due to the difference in the B subunit of the two toxins. Analysis of mutants of VT2vh prepared by site-directed mutagenesis attributed the antigenic dissimilarity to the difference in the amino acid residue at position 24 of the B subunit.
Antigenic Variation↗
Phylogeny and molecular epidemiology of Sporothrix schenckii in Japan.
Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) diversity was investigated in 257 clinical isolants of Sporothrix schenckii obtained from 4 districts in Japan. S. schenckii was classified into 10 types based on Hae III restriction profiles. Phylogeny of types constructed by the method of Fitch and Margoliash [1] on the estimated sequence divergence within mtDNA using the methods of Nei and Li [2], showed that S. schenckii are grouped into 2 clusters, one group consisting of types 1, 2 and 3, and the other group consisting of the other seven types. In addition, types 1, 2, and 5 were correlated with their geographic origin, whereas type 4 was present throughout Japan.
DNA, Fungal↗
Effects of insulin and somatostatin on the growth and the colony formation of two human pancreatic cancer cell lines.
The effects of insulin and somatostatin on the growth and the colony formation of two human pancreatic cancer cell lines, BxPC-3 and SOJ-6, were studied. The BxPC-3 cell line (American Type Culture Collection no. CRL 1687) was derived from a moderately differentiated pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The SOJ-6 cell line is a subclone of SOJ that was initiated from ascites of a well-differentiated pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Both cell lines express fetoacinar pancreatic antigen, an antigen that might be associated with early transformation stages. However, these lines have different proliferation and tumoral powers. SOJ-6 cells showed an almost twofold higher division rate over BxPC-3 cells when cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The tumorigenic degree of SOJ-6 cells, as assessed by tumor growth in nude mice, was about three times greater than that of BxPC-3. The in vitro growth of BxPC-3 cells was significantly promoted by insulin, and was slightly inhibited by somatostatin, whereas the growth of SOJ-6 cells was not influenced by these hormones. Using a clonogenic assay in soft agar, the average ratio of colony numbers formed by SOJ-6 and BxPC-3 was about 10/1, indicating a good correlation between the colony formation and tumorigenic degree in vivo. In this test, the number of colonies formed by BxPC-3 cells was increased about twofold in insulin-supplemented medium. On the other hand, somatostatin inhibited the colony formation by a factor of four to six. However, no hormonal modulation of the colony formation of SOJ-6 cells was observed. Our data show that pancreatic cancer cell lines respond differently to pancreatic hormones, and suggest that this may be correlated to a tumour stage or a tumour type.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Interleukin-2 enhances the release of endothelin-1 from the rat mesenteric artery.
We measured the ET-1 concentration in plasma and in the perfusate of the mesenteric arteries of rats treated with a therapeutic dose of IL-2 for 7 days (100000 U/Kg, iv.). The plasma ET-1 concentration in rats given IL-2 was 14.2 +/- 3.2 pg/ml which was significantly greater than that in the controls (2.5 +/- 0.4 pg/ml, P less than 0.05). The mesenteric arteries also released a significantly greater amount of ET-1 (29.5 +/- 1.6 pg/h) than that in controls (16.8 +/- 2.3 pg/h, P less than 0.01). The arterial blood pressure was significantly lower after IL-2 treatment than the pre-dosing level (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that IL-2 induces ET-1 release from the vascular wall, possibly as a result of reversible endothelial dysfunction caused by IL-2.
Animals↗
Production of endothelin-1 from the mesenteric arteries of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) from the mesenteric arteries of Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ-DM) rats and nondiabetic rats was measured by a specific enzyme immunoassay following purification using an immunoaffinity column. The mesenteric arteries from STZ-DM rats released a significantly higher amount of ET-1 as compared to control rats (35.8 +/- 2.8 vs 14.9 +/- 2.0 pg/1hr, p less than 0.05). The plasma level of ET-1 in STZ-DM rats was also elevated to a significant extent as compared to controls (5.1 +/- 0.4 vs 3.0 +/- 0.4 pg/ml, p less than 0.05). The systolic blood pressure of STZ-DM rats was significantly higher than of the controls (p less than 0.05). The increased level of plasma ET-1 as well as its release from the mesenteric artery of STZ-DM rats may suggest its release following damage to the endothelium caused by diabetes and/or by associated changes in blood pressure.
Animals↗