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Biomedical subjects

Y Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takeda.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Reactivities of feline calicivirus field isolates with monoclonal antibodies detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Reactivities of feline calicivirus (FCV) field isolates with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reactivities of the viruses in ELISA were different from our previous results using the neutralization tests (NT). Many isolates were positive in ELISA with MAbs which recognized neutralizing epitope 3B and/or 4. However, most were negative in NT in our previous study. After absorption of two FCV strains with host cells, the non-infectious virus fluid still reacted with MAb, which recognized epitope 3B and/or 4 in ELISA. These results indicated the possibility that neutralizing epitopes are expressed on non-infectious virus particles or exist as proteinaceous molecules in virus fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

MRI high-signal intensity in the menisci of asymptomatic children.

We reviewed retrospectively the MRI examinations of 108 knees of 80 children to identify the prevalence of a high signal in the menisci of those without symptoms. There were 51 boys and 29 girls with a mean age of 12.2 years (8 to 15). The prevalence of a high signal within the menisci was 66%, significantly higher than that in an adult group (29%). The prevalence decreased with age: grade-2 and grade-3 changes were observed in 80% of menisci at ten years of age, in 65% at 13 years and in 35% at 15 years. The prevalence of high signals also decreased with increased skeletal maturity at the knee. We emphasise the importance of awareness of the high prevalence of a high signal intensity in the menisci of children, especially in early adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A case of Cushing's syndrome due to ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular hyperplasia associated with excessive secretion of mineralocorticoids.

A 74-year-old man developed Cushing's syndrome and hypokalemia due to ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (AIMAH) with excessive secretion of mineralocorticoid hormones. Plasma concentrations of weak mineralocorticoids were high. The increase in plasma cortisol did not have a diurnal rhythm, and was not suppressed by a high dose of dexamethasone. Plasma ACTH was undetectable, but plasma cortisol was increased by ACTH administration. The concentrations of mineralocorticoids, especially deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone were increased, and augmented the response to ACTH administration. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations were rather suppressed. Both adrenal glands, with a total weight of 110 g, were enlarged and contained several macronodules. These nodules were composed of hyperplasia of small cortical cells and usual clear cells. This is a rare case of ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia because there were excessive secretion of mineralocorticoid and hypokalemia.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1998

Evidence for modulation of osteocalcin containing gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues synthesis by insulin-like growth factor-I and vitamin K2 in human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63.

The effect of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and 2-methyl-3-all-trans-tetraphenyl-1,4-naphtoquinone (vitamin K2) on the synthesis of osteocalcin containing gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) residues which is the physiologically relevant form in bone metabolism was studied in cultured human osteoblast-like (MG-63) cells. Both IGF-I and vitamin K2 stimulated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3)-induced osteocalcin containing Gla secretion in a concentration-dependent manner. This stimulatory effect of IGF-I and vitamin K2 was additive. Vitamin K2-enhanced osteocalcin containing Gla secretion was selectively suppressed by 3-(alpha-acetonyl-benzyl)-4-hydroxy-coumarin (warfarin). The stimulatory effect of IGF-I was completely abolished by the presence of cycloheximide; in contrast the effect of vitamin K2 was still observed in the presence of cycloheximide. Treatment of MG-63 cells with IGF-I caused an approximately 2.2-fold increase in osteocalcin mRNA levels (determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). Vitamin K2 had no effect on either the stimulation of mRNA level by IGF-I or the basal level. IGF-I-stimulated osteocalcin containing Gla secretion was inhibited by one of its binding proteins (insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4) in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that the modes of action of IGF-I and vitamin K2 on 1.25(OH)2D3-induced osteocalcin containing Gla secretion in MG-63 cells are different.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1998

The effect of high-salt diet intake on muscular exercise ability in young Japanese women.

This study was designed to test whether high-salt diet intake has some acute impaired effect to the muscular exercise ability due to the calcium deficit in muscle cell via the accelerated sodium-calcium exchanger. Six healthy young Japanese women (aged: 22.3 +/- 1.9 yr) performed two types of muscle strength tests and ramp mode cycle ergometer exercise until exhaustion after normal- (NaCl is approximately 5.6 g) and high-salt (21.0 g) controlled diet intake on two separate days in random order. The urinary sodium excretion sampled during 12 hours on the high-salt diet day was significantly higher compared to that of normal-salt diet day (3301 +/- 992 vs 1595 +/- 540 mg; P < 0.05), while there was no substantial difference between the urinary calcium excretion in high- and normal-salt diet days (58.6 +/- 19.7 vs 55.0 +/- 17.2 mg; ns). There were no significant differences in back strength, repeated maximal hand grip exercise ability, and VO2max and duration time during ramp exercise between high- and normal-salt diet conditions. It was concluded that high-salt diet intake even exceeding 20 g per day had substantially no acute effect on muscular exercise ability in young Japanese women.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of the effect of preoperative chemotherapy in bone sarcomas. 99mTc-HMDP scintigraphy in 34 cases.

We quantitatively analyzed images of 99mTc-HMDP bone scintigraphy in 34 bone sarcomas before and after preoperative chemotherapy. The isotopic uptake was calculated as tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), and the changes in TBR before and after chemotherapy were calculated as the alteration ratio. The histological effect of preoperative chemotherapy was classified in 4 grades, according to Huvos. We defined good scintigraphic responders as cases having decreased uptake after chemotherapy, with an alteration ratio > or = 60%. There was a positive correlation (Rho = 0.76, p < 0.001) between the histological effect and the alteration ratio. Of the 17 good histological responders, 13 showed a good scintigraphic response. The average alteration ratio in 17 cases with good response (68%) was higher than that in 17 cases showing poor response (-9.9%) (p < 0.001). 3 patients with pathologic fractures and 1 with primarily normal uptake showed false negative findings. The sensitivity of this method was 100% and the specificity was 81%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Augmented antitumor activity in combination chemotherapy of nedaplatin with etoposide].

Augmented antitumor activity in combination chemotherapy of Nedaplatin (NDP) or Cisplatin (CDDP) with Etoposide (ETP) against murine and human lung cancer cells was demonstrated. NDP and CDDP were administered once and ETP daily for five days via tail vein. In the mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma, a combination of NDP and ETP resulted in synergistically enhanced inhibition of tumor growth, and prolonged survival in comparison with either NDP or ETP alone. NDP showed a more potent combination effect with ETP than CDDP did. These effects were also demonstrated in human lung cancer cell lines. Although body weight loss was enhanced by the combination of NDP or CDDP with ETP, it was tolerable, and no significant difference between NDP plus ETP and CDDP plus ETP was observed. Thrombocytopenia was not enhanced in the combined treatment of NDP with ETP. These results suggest the usefulness of the combination of NDP with ETP as a clinical therapy for lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Technetium-99m-DTPA-galactosyl human serum albumin liver scintigraphy evaluation of regional CT/MRI attenuation/signal intensity differences.

UNLABELLED: Regional attenuation/signal intensity differences seen on CT/magnetic resonance imaging can be a clue in detecting regional hepatic blood flow abnormality. Sometimes, however, they can be misinterpreted as a hepatic neoplasm or, in the case of a true neoplasm, they can lead to an overestimation of its size because these regions often have similar attenuation or signal intensity to hepatic neoplasms. We evaluated 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-DTPA-GSA) liver scintigrams in patients manifesting regional attenuation/signal intensity differences to further analyze the findings. METHODS: Technetium-99m-DTPA-GSA scintigrams of 23 patients with regional attenuation/signal intensity differences in the liver at dynamic contrast-enhanced CT/magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated. The causes of the differences were arterioportal (AP) shunts in seven patients, decreases in the portal venous flow in seven patients, occlusion of right hepatic vein in one patient, confluent hepatic fibrosis in one patient and unknown in seven patients. The accumulation of 99mTc-DTPA-GSA was compared with each known cause of attenuation/signal intensity difference. Count ratios of the regions to normal hepatic parenchyma also were calculated in all cases. RESULTS: In AP shunts, none of seven patients showed any decreased accumulation in the region. Accumulation of 99mTc-DTPA-GSA decreased in six of seven patients who had decreases in portal venous flow; this incidence was significantly higher than that in patients who had AP shunts (p < 0.005). In cases of unknown cause, two of seven patients showed a decrease in accumulation, but the other five showed no such decrease. The one patient with occlusion of the right hepatic vein showed no decrease, but the confluent hepatic fibrosis showed a significant decrease. The count ratio in AP shunts was significantly larger than that of the decrease in the portal venous flow (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: Technetium-99m-DTPA-GSA accumulation in AP shunts has a different pattern from that found in patients with a decrease in portal venous flow. Therefore, differentiation between AP shunts, which showed no decrease in 99mTc-DTPA-GSA accumulation, and hepatic neoplasms can be made more easily.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1998

[Chemotherapy of gastric cancer].

At present curative resection is the only radical treatment for gastric cancer, although recently developed combination chemotherapy shows increased activity in treating locally advanced and metastatic disease. Among several combination regimens, those based on biochemical modulation, such as sequential methotrexate/5-fluorouracil or low-dose CDDP/5-fluorouracil, are thought to provide increased efficacy with decreasing adverse reactions in unresectable gastric cancer. Therefore, a prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the prognosis of patients receiving adjuvant multi-agent chemotherapy with those treated only surgically should be pursued for estimation of the clinical benefit of these agents.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1998

Osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral condyle in the growth stage.

The site of lesion, spontaneous healing, onset mechanism, and magnetic resonance imaging findings of 51 knees in 38 patients with osteochondritis dissecans involving the femoral condyle in the growth stage were investigated. tercondylar site, and the remaining 1/4 were in other sites. Compared with those in the other sites, the lesions in a medial intercondylar site had a lower healing rate and required a longer time to heal. T2 weighted images of the lesions showed a progression from low signal areas to the appearance of a high signal line at the fragment to parent to bone interface, to a high signal double line at the interface and parent-bone surface, or to disappearance of the line. Magnetic resonance imaging often revealed discoid menisci or meniscal tears in patients with lesions in the lateral condyle, suggesting that endogenous forces play an important role in the onset of osteochondritis dissecans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Long-term effect of low-density lipoprotein apheresis in a patient with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: follow-up study using coronary angiography.

A 62-year-old man with old myocardial infarction and familial hypercholesterolemia was treated by both probucol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis. Coronary angiography was performed before and after 3.5 years of LDL apheresis treatment, and no new lesion or progression of coronary atherosclerosis was observed. LDL apheresis drastically reduced the serum total cholesterol. However, it is still unclear whether LDL apheresis effectively prevented the recurrence of cardiac events and the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in this patient.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of adenosine and its analogues on microvascular leakage in the rat trachea].

We examined the effects of adenosine and its analogues on vascular permeability in rat trachea using Evans blue dye as a marker for plasma leakage. Inhalation of N6-2-(4-aminophenyl) ethyladenosine (APNEA), a specific A 3 receptor agonist, increased microvascular leakage in a dose-dependent manner, but adenosine, [R]-N6-(1-Methyl-2-phenylethyl) adenosine (R-PIA), aspecific A 1 receptor agonist, and 5'-(N-ethyl-carboxamide) adenosine (NECA), a specific A 2 receptor agonist, had no effect. Inhalation of capsaicin increased vascular permeability in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with NECA (10-1000 nmol/kg, i.v.) but not adenosine (100 nmol/kg i.v.), R-PIA (100 nmol/kg, i.v.) or APNEA (100 nmol/kg, i.v.) inhibited microvascular leakage produced by capsaicin aerosol (3 x 10(-5) M) in a dose-dependent manner. However, NECA (10-100 nmol/kg, i.v.) failed to inhibit substance P aerosol (10(-4) M)-induced extravasation of the dye. These findings suggest that stimulation of adenosine A 3 receptors produces airway vascular permeability, and that A 2 receptors inhibit neurogenic plasma extravasation, presumably by inhibiting the release of tachykinins from sensory nerves.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1998

[Familial pulmonary arteriovenous malformation diagnostic of the Osler-Weber-Rendu disease].

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for investigation of an abnormal shadow in the middle lobe of the right lung on a chest X-ray film. The filling of most of the shadowed area with contrast media on a chest CT scan suggested a vascular lesion. Further investigation by intravenous digital subtraction angiography and color doppler sonography led to the diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. An abdominal CT scan suggested the presence of an arteriovenous malformation in the liver, and a bronchoscopic study revealed telangiectatic lesions on the laryngeal mucosa. The patient's father had died at the age of 61, due to intracranial bleeding, which suggested he might have had an arteriovenous malformation in the brain. The patient's daughter has a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. This family of vascular malformation indicates that the patient had Osler-Weber-Rendu disease. Osler-Weber-Rendu disease is an autosomal-dominant inherited disorder that may give rise to arteriovenous malformations, mainly in the lungs and the brain. We found that color doppler sonography can be useful for the diagnosis of pleural-based pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Flare response seen in therapy for osteomalacia.

We report an interesting case of osteomalacia in which flare response was seen during therapy. The first 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scan showed increased bilateral and symmetric uptake in the ribs, clavicles and iliac bones. Thoracic CT showed symmetric radiolucent seams (Looser's zones) in both ribs, which were pathognomonic of osteomalacia. After initiation of therapy with vitamin D, the patient's subjective symptoms gradually were relieved. On a second bone scan 4 mo. after initiation of therapy, the hot spots in the ribs remained unchanged. Uptake in the bilateral clavicles had become more intense, and new hot spots were recognized in the right lower ribs and left tibia. A third bone scan after 10 mo. demonstrated an obvious decrease in the number and intensity of the hot spots. Increased uptakes in the second scan were thought to be a flare response caused by therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Augmented antitumor efficacy of combination chemotherapy of nedaplatin with 5-fluorouracil in in vivo murine and human tumor model].

Augmented antitumor activity was demonstrated in combination chemotherapy of Nedaplatin (NDP) or Cisplatin (CDDP) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against murine lung carcinoma and human squamous carcinoma from head and neck. Either NDP or CDDP (1/4 to 1 maximum tolerated dose; MTD) was injected once and 5-FU (1/16 MTD) was injected daily for five days via tail vein to tumor-implanted mice. The sequential administration of either NDP or CDDP prior to 5-FU (NF or CF therapy) showed severe body weight loss followed by the toxic death of tumor-bearing mice at the MTD of NDP or CDDP. In contrast, the reverse sequence of the treatment, that is, 5-FU prior to NDP or CDDP (FN or FC therapy), resulted in the synergistically enhanced inhibition of tumor growth and the prolonged survival in comparison with NDP, CDDP or 5-FU monotherapy. The antitumor activities of the combinations of CDDP with 5-FU was less than those of the combination of NDP with 5-FU. Especially, at the MTD of NDP in FN therapy, long-term tumor-free survival was frequently observed. Thus, FN therapy was thought to be the most efficient regimen in combination of NDP with 5-FU as a clinical therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of heparin on airway goblet cell secretion in sensitized guinea pigs].

Heparin and related proteoglycans are released from mast cells and possess anti-inflammatory and anti-complement activities. To elucidate whether heparin affects goblet cell secretion in asthmatic airways and, if so, what the mechanism of action is, we studied guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) by determining the mucus score (MS) of tracheal goblet cells stained with Alcian blue and PAS. Inhalation of OVA caused a rapid decrease in MS in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximal decrease being from 545 +/- 26 to 192 +/- 35 (p < 0.001), indicating an increase in goblet cell mucus discharge. This effect was selectively inhibited by the histamine H2 receptor blockade with cimetidine. Prior inhalation of heparin inhibited OVA-induced goblet cell secretion in a dose-dependent fashion, but had no effect on histamine-induced goblet cell secretion. The OVA-induced histamine release from the tracheal tissue was likewise inhibited by heparin. These results suggest that allergic challenge stimulates airway goblet cell secretion mainly through the release of histamine and the concomitant activation of histamine H2 receptors on goblet cells, and that heparin protects against this effect by inhibiting the histamine release from mast cells.

Animals↗