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Biomedical subjects

Y Takano

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takano.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Analyses of PCNA and AgNOR on advanced colorectal cancer as predictive indicators of the prognosis].

As part of a search for predictive indicators of the prognosis of advanced colon cancers, the significance of PCNA and AgNORs in terms of grading of biological malignancy was investigated. In 47 selected cases, which had been sufficiently followed up for the present study, PCNA labeling indices (PCNA LI) were 20.96 +/- 8.87 and 54.78 +/- 11.35 in normal colonic mucosa and colon cancer, respectively. With survival durations of more or less than 5 years, the PCNA LI values were 57.27 +/- 9.56 and 48.27 +/- 13.37, thus, suggesting a decrease with poor prognosis. PCNA LI decreased in proportion to the depth of cancer invasion and the progression of stage. In all of these cases statistically significant differences were apparent, whereas other histopathologic factors did not demonstrate any correlation. Numbers of AgNORs were 1.31 +/- 0.10 and 2.43 +/- 0.39 in normal tissues and cancers, the differences being statistically significant. However, no correlation with prognosis or histopathologic factors was noted for this parameter. In conclusion, our data suggest that PCNA LI might be an important predictive indicator of prognosis in advanced colon cancer. In contrast, AgNORs are of no assistance with this problem, although use of both or combination might facilitate differentiation between benign and malignant lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical significance of anti-cardiolipin antibody in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)].

Anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL) in SLE patients reacts with cardiolipin/beta 2-GP1 complex. In order to disclose clinical significance of aCL in patients with SLE, aCL was determined by newly-developed anti-CL.beta 2-GP1 kit [Yamasa] EIA in 58 patients with SLE and the relationship between clinical manifestation of SLE and the presence of aCL was examined. Anti-cardiolipin antibody was positive in 20 patients (34.5%). In 20 SLE patients with positive aCL, livedo reticularis in 7, retinal vein thrombosis in 3, thrombophlebitis in 3 and other vasculo-occlusive episodes were observed as a characteristic clinical features of positive aCL. In contrast, a SLE patient complicated by ileal perforation due to necrotizing angiitis had negative aCL. Other clinical and laboratory features associated with aCL include recurrent fetal loss and thrombocytopenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Methotrexate/5-fluorouracil therapy in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis].

Eighteen patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis were treated with methotrexate/5-fluorouracil sequential therapy. In four patients, a partial response was obtained and in another four, symptomatic relief was obtained by the therapy. As side effects, BM suppression was seen in 9 and GI symptoms in 6 patients. Intraaortic, low-dose and 3-hour-interval procedure are recommended in the therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Anesthetic management for cesarean section in patients with maternal myotonic dystrophy].

Myotonic dystrophy involves not only voluntary muscles of extremities, pharyngeal muscle and respiratory muscle but also smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract. This muscle involvement can cause difficulty in excreting sputa, delayed emptying time of stomach and regurgitation of gastric content, all of which can lead to disastrous complications of anesthetic management. Pregnancy is rare because of ovarian atrophy. We report two cases of cesarean section for patients with myotonic dystrophy. In one case, the newborn baby had dyspnea due to congenital myotonic dystrophy, and in another case, patient experienced postoperative pneumonia. Our cases and other reports suggest that spinal or epidural anesthesia is safely applied for a cesarean section of a patient with myotonic dystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Working hours of maternal and child health service personnel by type of occupation and municipality].

The working hours of maternal and child health service personnel were surveyed to describe the characteristics of maternal and child health activities by municipality in 1989. Questionnaires were sent to 24 health centers and the 122 municipalities they represent, and responses from 19 health centers and 103 municipalities were received. The results were as follows: 1) Of all health service personnel, the working hours for public health nurses per 100 births per year was the highest, followed by maternal and child health volunteers, office workers, nurses and physicians. 2) Total working hours increased with number of births per year. 3) No significant correlation was found in total working hours of personnel in health centers with those in the municipalities they represent. Total working hours of personnel of health centers and the municipalities they represent decreased as population size increased. 4) The number of types of occupation involved in maternal and child health service increased as the size of population of the municipality increased. 5) Of the total working hours for all types of occupations, the proportion of working hours for public health nurses averaged about 40% to 50%. 6) The proportion of working hours for infant health examinations increased with increasing population size of the municipality. However, the proportion of the hours for planning and evaluation decreased with increasing population size of the municipality. From this survey, it appears that maternal and child health activities by municipalities differed according to the population size of the municipality.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Central administration of senktide, a tachykinin NK-3 agonist, has an antidiuretic action by stimulating AVP release in water-loaded rats.

Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of senktide (0.01-10 nmol), a tachykinin NK-3 agonist, had an antidiuretic action in water-loaded rats (4.5% body wt.). Pretreatment with OPC-31260 (1 mg/kg, i.v.), a non-peptide vasopressin V2 antagonist, inhibited the antidiuretic action induced by exogenous arginine vasopressin (AVP, 0.1 micrograms/kg, i.v.) and senktide (0.1 nmol, i.c.v.). In addition, senktide (11.8 nmol, i.c.v.) caused a marked increase of the plasma AVP level in conscious rats. These results suggest that the central NKB analogue senktide has an antidiuretic effect by stimulating AVP secretion from the pituitary gland through the NK-3 receptor in the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Receptor-mediated specific biological activity of a beta-amyloid protein fragment for NK-1 substance P receptors.

A beta-amyloid protein fragment AP21-35 (tetradeapeptide with amino acid residues 21-35) was found to be a highly selective agonist of substance P receptors (NK-1) among three tachykinin receptor subtypes. This peptide fragment contracted the smooth muscle preparations of guinea pig ileum in a dose dependent manner (EC50 = 22 microM). This activity was completely reversed by CP-96,345-1, a specific antagonist of NK-1 receptors, whereas atropine for NK-3 had no effect. The peptide was inactive in rat vas deferens which contains predominantly NK-2 receptors. These results indicated that AP21-35 is a highly selective agonist for NK-1 receptors. In the radio-ligand receptor binding assay using [125I]-Bolton-Hunter substance P to membranes from guinea pig ileum, the fragment exhibited a distinct dose-response curve (IC50 = 11 microM). All the present data strongly suggest that beta-amyloid protein function as a peptide ligand of substance P receptors with some pathophysiologic activities.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of the mineralization process in cultures of rabbit growth plate chondrocytes.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the mineralization process in chondrocyte cultures. Chondrocytes were isolated from the growth plate of ribs of 4-week-old rabbits. The nature and properties of mineral crystals precipitated in chondrocyte cultures were compared with those of crystals formed in the hypertrophic zone and bone of rabbit rib growth plates in vivo. The chondrocytes were maintained at high density on type II collagen-coated dishes in Eagle's medium, alpha-modification, with 10% fetal bovine serum and 50 micrograms/ml of ascorbic acid. These cells differentiated into hypertrophic cells 10 days after seeding and produced alkaline phosphatase and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors on Days 30-70 at levels as high as those in the lower hypertrophic zone in vivo. Mineralization was initiated between Days 20 and 30 and advanced progressively throughout the culture period. However, mineralization was suppressed by the addition of parathyroid hormone (2 x 10(-8) M) or by the presence of fibroblasts. Examination by electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy verified that mineralized nodules formed in vitro were composed of small apatite crystals. Importantly, FTIR spectral features of the apatite crystals (e.g., the prominent PO4 bands at 1125 and 1032 cm-1) were similar to those of cartilage apatites formed in vivo and differed markedly from those of carbonated bone apatites. These results suggest that growth plate chondrocytes cultured on collagen-coated dishes are an appropriate model for studies on cartilage mineralization.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Comparative analysis of p53 and c-myc expression and cell proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinomas--an enhanced immunohistochemical approach.

Expression of p53 and c-myc was investigated and compared with cell proliferative activity in a series of 40 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), by means of enhanced immunohistochemistry. p53 expression was demonstrated in 5 out of 40 HCC (12.5%) with the incidence increasing in 5 out of 40 HCC (12.5%) with the incidence increasing in proportion to the histological grading of malignancy: thus, 0% of well-differentiated, 6.9% of moderately differentiated and 33.3% of poorly differentiated lesions were positive. The proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index also showed a statistically significant increase with this grading. Distribution patterns of PCNA-positive cell were divided into four types: scatter, marginal, mosaic and diffuse. Four HCC cases, predominantly of the poorly differentiated type, exhibited the diffuse pattern. Generally, p53 overexpression corresponded well with PCNA positivity. In contrast, there was no correlation between c-myc overexpression, found in 19 out of 40 HCC (47.5%), and histological grading of HCC or PCNA labeling index. The distribution pattern of c-myc-positive HCC cells was also different from that of PCNA and p53. Our results suggest that p53 overexpression closely relates to proliferation of HCC cells. Furthermore, there may be a consistent difference in regulatory mechanisms between p53 and c-myc expression in multistep hepatocarcinogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A possible role for Epstein-Barr virus in tumorigenesis after immunosuppression in cases of renal transplantation.

Eight secondary malignancies developing after renal transplantation were investigated in terms of a possible role of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In five cases, four gastric cancers and one colonic cancer, the presence of EBV was proven by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), all four gastric lesions being confirmed to have a massive EBV infection by in situ hybridization. Two cases demonstrated monoclonal infection with EBV, as indicated by a single band of the lymphocyte-defined membrane antigen tandem-repeat gene using PCR, and were immunohistochemically positive for the latent membrane protein 1. Our series suggests that gastrointestinal cancer predominates as a secondary malignancy in states of induced severe immunosuppression, and that EBV may play an important role in tumorigenesis as an oncovirus.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Gastric adenocarcinoma with differentiation to sarcomatous components associated with monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus infection and LMP-1 expression.

A case of gastric adenocarcinoma with sarcomatous differentiation in a 65-year-old male was investigated for possible association with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The presence of EBV-DNA could be proven by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and EBERs signals were detected in tumour nuclei, strongly in sarcomatous areas and weakly elsewhere. Monoclonal EBV infection was evident in terms of a single band of lymphocyte determined membrane antigen demonstrated by the PCR method. Latent membrane protein 1 was strongly positive in cells of sarcomatous components but very weakly positive in carcinoma components. EBV-determined nuclear antigen-2 was absent in both. This case of adenocarcinoma suggests that EBV plays an important role in tumorigenesis, contributing in particular to sarcomatous differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Cytochrome oxidase activity as a marker for periodontal sensory receptors in the rat.

Cytochrome oxidase activity was explored histochemically in axon terminals of periodontal Ruffini endings of rat upper incisors at both the light- and electron-microscopic levels. Staining clearly demonstrated ramified structures in the alveolar half of the periodontal ligament. These structures resembled the profiles of the axon terminals of the periodontal Ruffini ending previously demonstrated by an immunohistochemical method for neurofilament protein. Histochemically at the electron-microscopic level, the ramified structures were identified as true Ruffini endings in which each axon terminal was filled with reactive mitochondria. Two types of mitochondria were distinguished with respect to the localization pattern of reaction products; almost all mitochondria were positive for cytochrome oxidase activity, with only a few negative. As the enzyme activity did not decrease after demineralization, the findings suggest that cytochrome oxidase is a useful marker enzyme for demonstrating sensory receptors in the periodontal ligament. Histochemical methods for cytochrome oxidase may contribute to the light- and electron-microscopic morphological analysis of periodontal sensory receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Histochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase activity in terminal Schwann cells associated with Ruffini endings in the periodontal ligament of rat incisors.

Histochemical staining for acid phosphatase, a marker for lysosomal elements, distinguished rounded, intensely reactive cells from less reactive fibroblasts and osteoblasts in the lingual periodontal ligament. The highly reactive cells were located exclusively in the alveolar half of the ligament. Double staining for acid phosphatase and S-100 protein confirmed that these reactive cells were identical with the terminal Schwann cells associated with periodontal Ruffini endings. Electron microscopically, reaction products for acid phosphatase were observed in the lysosomes and Golgi apparatus in the paranuclear cytoplasm of the terminal Schwann cells. As the terminal Schwann cells associated with the Ruffini endings are assumed to be capable of synthesizing exportable proteins, acid phosphatase in this type of cell may be involved in the processing of macromolecules in synthetic and/or secretory pathways.

Acid Phosphatase↗