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Biomedical subjects

Y Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takagi.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Identification and susceptibility of clinically isolated yeast-like fungi].

We studied the identification and susceptibility of clinically isolated yeast-like fungi at Showa University Hospital from April 1988 to March 1989. Clinically significant of yeast-like fungi were observed in 7.1% of specimens from outpatients, 13.0% of inpatients. In both outpatients and inpatients, yeast-like fungi were isolated mainly from sputum and urine. But, one third of them were considered as non-pathogenic and not identified. The species of isolates were, Candida albicans 57%, Candida tropicalis 14% and Candida glabrata 8% in both inpatients and outpatients, and these species shared most part. The isolation frequency of Candida parapsilosis was higher in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen than the others. The susceptibility test by agar dilution method indicated most of the isolates were susceptible to Amphotericin B and Miconazole (MIC less than or equal to 25 micrograms/ml). There was no difference in MIC between predominantly isolated fungi and commonly isolated fungi. Notably, isolates from blood and CSF showed a significant high tolerance against Amphotericin B and Miconazole than from the other specimens. The MICs of Fluconazole were shown to be very high (greater than 100 micrograms/ml) in normal Sabouraud agar, were decreased dose-dependently by human sera in the medium. These findings indicated the component(s) of sera enhanced the anti-fungal activity of Fluconazole.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1990

[A case of bilateral atrial myxoma].

A case of 47-year-old female who underwent the surgery for the bilateral atrial myxoma two times was reported. At the first operation both tumors were attached to the same level of the atrial septum and were removed simultaneously followed by the resection of the left atrial wall. Six months later, she complained of dyspnea and easy fatigability for the recurrence of the tumor. She was operated again for the removal of the tumor. But she died of the re-recurrence of the tumor 4 months after the second operation.

Female↗
PubMed1989

An ATP-driven Cl- pump in the brain.

EDTA-treated microsomes prepared from rat brain mainly consisted of sealed membrane vesicles 200-500 nm in diameter and were rich in both Cl- -ATPase and Na+,K+-ATPase activities. Such Cl- -ATPase-rich membrane vesicles accumulated Cl- in an ATP-dependent and osmotically reactive manner in the presence of 1 nM ouabain. The Cl- uptake was maximally stimulated by ATP with a Km value of 1.5 mM; GTP, ITP, and UTP partially stimulated Cl- uptake, but CTP, beta, gamma-methylene ATP, ADP, and AMP did not. The ATP-dependent Cl- uptake was accelerated by an increase in the medium Cl- concentration with a Km value of 7.4 mM. Such stimulation of Cl- uptake by ATP was dependent on the pH of the medium, with an optimal pH of 7.4, and also on the temperature of the medium, with an optimal range of 37-42 degrees C. Ethacrynic acid dose dependently inhibited the ATP-dependent Cl- uptake with a concentration for half-maximal inhibition at 57 microM. N-ethylmaleimide (0.1 mM) completely inhibited and sodium vanadate (1 mM) partially inhibited the ATP-dependent Cl- uptake. The membrane vesicles did not accumulate H+ in the Cl- uptake assay medium. The ATP-dependent Cl- uptake profile agreed with that of Cl- -ATPase activity reported previously (Inagaki, C., Tanaka, T., Hara, M., and Ishiko, J. (1985) Biochem. Pharmacol. 34, 1705-1712), and this strongly supports the idea that Cl- -ATPase in the brain actively transports Cl-.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of mRNA for human kidney ornithine aminotransferase. An examination of ornithine aminotransferase isozymes between liver and kidney.

The cDNA encoding ornithine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.13; OAT) was isolated from a human kidney cDNA library. The isolated cDNA contained the entire protein coding region and partial 3'- and 5'-untranslated regions. The nucleotide sequences of human kidney OAT cDNA were absolutely homologous with those of human liver OAT cDNA, and human kidney and liver OAT fused completely against the antibody to human kidney OAT in an Ouchterlony double diffusion test. These findings settled the controversy as to which characteristics of liver and kidney OAT isozymes are different. An N-terminal sequence analysis of purified mature human kidney OAT clarified that the leader peptide was cleaved between Gln-35 and Gly-36.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Changes in serum levels of Forssman-like antibody in patients with gastric cancer.

Because Forssman antigen, one of the most well-known heteroantigens, has been noted in certain cancerous tissues, it would seem that the serum levels of the Forssman antibody of patients with these cancers would be low, owing to the absorption of the naturally occurring antibody by the Forssman antigen-containing cancerous tissues. This hypothesis was tested by researchers assessing the serum hemolysin titers of 174 patients with cancer (gastric cancer, 100; colonic cancer, 40; and other cancers, 45) and of 856 age-matched, sex-matched, and blood type-matched healthy individuals against the serum levels of sheep red blood cells. Serum levels of the hemolysin of patients with gastric cancer tend to be lower than those of patients with other types of cancer and also lower than those of age-matched and sex-matched controls. The decrease was especially prominent in patients with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Preoperative and postoperative serum samples of 40 patients with gastric cancer were analyzed therefore to determine the effect of surgically removing the cancer on the serum level of the hemolysin. The results showed that the serum levels of the hemolysin antibody increased in all 40 patients after the successful surgical removal of the cancer. However, in patients with recurrence of the cancer, the serum levels of hemolysin decreased again in 11 of 11 patients. These results indicate that the serum levels of the Forssman-like hemolysin could be used as an index of recurrence in patients with gastric cancer after surgical removal of the cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Protective effect of ouabain on adriamycin-induced cardiovascular anomalies in chick embryos.

Adriamycin (2.5-10.0 micrograms) was administered to 4 1/2 and 5 day embryonic chicks (Hamburger-Hamilton developmental stages 24-26) to investigate the effect of the drug on cardiovascular morphogenesis. The drug produced dose-related increases in both mortality rate and malformation frequency with a maximum incidence of 82% cardiovascular anomalies following a dose of 10.0 micrograms/egg (P less than .001 relative to saline controls). Frequencies of embryos with ventricular septal defect (P less than .005), dextroposition of the aorta (P less than .005), or aortic arch anomalies (P less than .05) were significantly higher than among controls. In a second study, embryos were pretreated with ouabain (12.2 micrograms), verapamil (0.5 micrograms), coenzyme Q10 (100 micrograms, 200 micrograms), or vitamin E (1.0 mg, 5.0 mg)--agents previously shown to protect against adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity. Pretreatment of embryos with ouabain significantly reduced the incidence of cardiovascular malformations induced by adriamycin from 55 to 21% (P less than .05). A major protective effect was observed relative to the induction of ventricular septal defect, the frequency of which was reduced from 45 to 14% (P less than .05). However, administration of verapamil, coenzyme Q10, or vitamin E did not have an appreciable effect on adriamycin-induced frequencies of cardiovascular malformations. Negative inotropism is suggested as a mechanism for adriamycin-induced cardiac anomalies but warrants further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Endothelin is a potent mitogen for rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

The effect of endothelin (ET), a novel endothelium-derived vasoconstrictive peptide, on DNA synthesis was studied in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). ET stimulated incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA of the quiescent VSMC in a dose-dependent manner; the approximate half-maximal and maximal stimulation for DNA synthesis was induced with 2 x 10(-10) M and 10(-9) M, respectively. The stimulatory effect by ET on DNA synthesis was completely inhibited by the calcium channel blocker nifedipine. ET combined with epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha, but not with platelet-derived growth factor, had synergistic effects. These data indicate that ET is a potent mitogen as well as a constrictor for VSMC, suggesting its potential role in the development of vascular disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Identification of a gene that shortens clonal life span of Paramecium tetraurelia.

We have isolated a Paramecium tetraurelia mutant that divides slowly in daily reisolation cultures and repeats short clonal life spans after successive autogamies. Here we show, using breeding analysis, that a recessive mutation is responsible for the low fission rate and that this low rate is closely related to the short clonal life span. We conclude that a single pleiotropic gene controls these traits and have named it jumyo. In an attempt to further characterize the jumyo mutant, we have revealed that it has a culture life span similar to that of the wild-type cells and that, when mass cultured, it can divide as rapidly as wild-type cells. There was strong evidence that the mutant cells excreted into culture medium some substance that promotes their cell division. These findings may not only present supporting evidence for the hypothesis that the cellular life span is genetically programmed but also give a material basis for the study of the controlling mechanism of cell division in relation to the clonal life span.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The influence of cold temperatures on the progression of hypertension: an epidemiological study.

In order to clarify the relationship between cold temperatures and the progression of hypertension, a prospective epidemiological study was carried out in a cold area of Hokkaido, Japan. We analysed the findings in 909 subjects, who were followed up for 8 years (1977 to 1985). The difference between the mean blood pressure in winter and in summer in the first year was significantly and positively correlated with the difference between the mean blood pressure in the first and in the eighth year. The winter/summer difference was significantly higher in the group with progressive hypertension than in the other groups. The pressor response to exposure to cold was significantly greater in hypertensives, and tended to be higher in borderline hypertensives compared with normotensives. From these results, we conclude that a cold environment might increase the inhabitants' blood pressure levels, and the difference between a subject's blood pressure in winter and summer may predict future hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Recanalization of intracranial carotid occlusion detected by duplex carotid sonography.

We studied three patients with internal carotid artery occlusion at the siphon who had recanalization during 1 month of close observation. Angiography and duplex carotid sonography (DCS) were repeated serially in each patient. Blood flow patterns detected by DCS were classified into three patterns by specific angiographic changes. The distal occlusive flow pattern on DCS corresponds to internal carotid artery occlusion at the siphon angiographically, the median flow pattern on DCS corresponds to partial recanalization, and a normal flow pattern on DCS indicates almost complete recanalization. Since DCS can be easily repeated, the exact time of recanalization can be determined noninvasively. In all three patients, hemorrhagic infarction observed on computed tomograms occurred at the time of recanalization detected by DCS. DCS demonstrates that recanalization is one of the mechanisms of hemorrhagic infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A new gene responsible for an energy-transducing system in Escherichia coli.

A mutant strain (ttr-3) of Escherichia coli was originally isolated as a strain resistant to tributyltin exhibiting temperature-sensitive depressions of growth and ATP synthesis on succinate plates at 42 degrees C. The ttr gene was mapped between the pyrE and dnaA genes (in the 82-83 min region) on the chromosome by P1-transduction experiments. Comparison of proline transport and oxygen uptake by membrane vesicles of the wild-type transductant and the mutant (ttr-3) transductant showed that membrane vesicles of the mutant exhibited temperature-sensitive decrease of proline transport and increase of oxygen uptake at the restrictive temperature (42 degrees C), compatible with depression of growth of the mutant at this temperature. Therefore, the ttr gene seems to code for some factor involved in the respiratory chain that is present in the inner membrane of Escherichia coli.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison between PVHIS on the MRI and the permeability of brain blood vessels in elderly patients].

The degree of PVHIS (periventricular high intensity signal) on the MRI was composed with the permeability of brain blood vessels using the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum ratio for albumin, and the CSF/serum ratio for IgG in elderly patients. The 47 elderly patients (mean age = 79.9) were divided into three groups: (1) Mild group (20 cases, M:6, F:14, mean age = 75.8), (2) Moderate group (18 cases, M:7, F:11, mean age = 82.6), (3) Severe group (9 cases, M:2, F:7, mean age = 82.9), in accordance with the degree of PVHIS on the MRI. The MRI was operated at a field strength of 0.22 tesla. The pulse sequence (used on all patients) had a repetition times (TR) of 2,000 msec and a time to echo (TE) of 40 msec. The levels of albumin and IgG in the serum and CSF were measured. The CSF/serum ratio for albumin was used of analyze the permeability of the brain blood vessels in each group. There was no significant difference in the level of the serum albumin, the CSF albumin, the serum IgG, the CSF IgG and the CSF/serum ratio for IgG among the three groups. The same was found to be true for the IgG index which indicates the synthesis of immunoglobulin in the central nervous system. However, there was a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05) in the CSF/serum ratio for albumin between groups (1) and (3). The increased CSF/serum ratio for albumin in the severe group indicated there were confluent lesions involving the entire extent of the periventricular white matter on the MRI. This suggested an increased permeability of brain blood vessels which revealed the dysfunction of the blood brain barrier due to affected cerebral endothelial cells in capillaries.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies on the continent ileocecocolonic reservoir].

Continent urinary reservoir has recently been paid much attention by urologists for its contribution to improvement in quality of life in patients who are in need of urinary diversion. We, herein, present some preliminary result in the operation of continent ileocecocolonic (ICC) or ileocecal reservoir which was performed on 13 patients. Since several improvements have been made on the operative procedures for ICC reservoir, the most recent techniques are described below: A 20-25 cm of cecocolonic and 12 cm of terminal ileal segment were isolated after a full length mesenteric incision. The cecocolonic segment was longitudinally split open in 15-20 cm on its antimesenteric border to be re-configuration later. The mesentery was detached for 8 cm in the terminal ileum which was randomly incised into its seromuscular layer. Following the intussusception of the terminal ileum into the cecal lumen, the nipple valve of the ileum was stabilized by three row-staples and two row-paired nonabsorbable sutures. The valve was re-enforced by nonabsorbable sutures and dacron mesh which were placed at the base of the intussusception. The ureter was implanted in the tenia of the colon with antireflux technique of the submucosa tunnel. The distal end of the split cecocolonic segment was, the, folded to and sutured with its proximal end, making a Heineke-Mikulicz type of re-configuration reservoir. A flush type of stoma was constructed, with dacron mesh placed around the ileum which was fixed to the rectus muscle and its anterior sheath.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗