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Biomedical subjects

Y Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takagi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Casein phosphopeptides from casein micelles by successive digestion with pepsin and trypsin.

When milk is ingested, casein micelles will be successively digested by pepsin in the stomach and trypsin in the intestine. Therefore, we digested casein micelles successively with pepsin at pH 4.0 and trypsin at pH 7.0, and recovered casein phosphopeptides (CPP) as CPP-calcium phosphate (CP) complexes. The CPP-CP complexes contained 248 mg of calcium/g peptides and 175 mg of inorganic phosphorus/g peptides, which were higher than those of CPP-CP complexes driven from acid-precipitated casein and casein micelles by tryptic digestion only. It contained more alpha S1-CN-5P(f59-79) than the other CPP preparations did.

Calcium Phosphates↗
PubMed1998

Association of a polymorphism of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene with genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis in postmenopausal Japanese women.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is both abundant in bone and an important regulator of bone metabolism. A T-->C transition at nucleotide 29 in the signal sequence region of the TGF-beta1 gene results in a Leu-->Pro substitution at amino acid position 10. The possible association of this polymorphism with bone mass and the prevalence of osteoporosis has now been investigated in a total of 287 postmenopausal women from two regions (Obu City, Aichi Prefecture, and Sanda City, Hyogo Prefecture) of Japan. A significant association of TGF-beta1 genotype with bone mass was detected in both populations; bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine was greater in individuals with the CC genotype than in those with the TT or TC genotype. The frequency of vertebral fractures was significantly lower in individuals with the CC genotype than in those with the TC or TT genotypes. For each region, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the frequency of the T allele was significantly higher in subjects with osteoporosis than in controls. Also, the serum concentration of TGF-beta1 in individuals with the CC genotype was significantly higher than that in age-matched subjects with the TC or TT genotype in osteoporotic or osteopenic as well as healthy control groups. These results suggest that the T/C polymorphism of the TGF-beta1 gene is one of the genetic determinants of bone mass and that the T allele is an independent risk factor for the genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis in postmenopausal Japanese women. Thus, analysis of the TGF-beta1 genotype may be useful in the prevention and management of osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Expression of the mutant (1735T-DEL) tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene from hypophosphatasia patients.

Hypophosphatasia (HOPS) is an inherited disorder characterized by defects in skeletal mineralization due to the deficiency of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). To date, various mutations in the TNSALP gene have been identified. Especially, a deletion of T at position 1735 (1735T-del) located in exon 12 has been detected in three genetically unrelated Japanese patients, which seems to be one of the hot spots among the causative mutations in Japanese HOPS patients. 1735T-del causes a frame shift downstream from codon 503 (Leu), and consequently the normal termination codon at 508 is eliminated. Since a new inframe termination codon appears at codon 588 in the mutant DNA, the resultant protein is expected to have 80 additional amino acids. Expression of the mutant TNSALP gene using COS-1 cells demonstrated that the protein translated from the mutant 1735T-del had undetectable ALP activity, and its molecule size was larger than normal, as expected. Interestingly, an immunoprecipitation study of patients' sera using antibody against TNSALP revealed an abnormal protein which corresponded in size to the mutated TNSALP expressed by COS-1 cells, suggesting that the abnormal TNSALP is made by HOPS patients. The detection of TNSALP in cells transfected with 1735T-del using an immunofluorescent method exhibited only a faint signal on the cell surface, but an intense intracellular fluorescence after permeabilization.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1998

Relationship of food intake and dietary patterns with blood pressure levels among middle-aged Japanese men.

To investigate the relationship of food intake habits and dietary patterns to blood pressure, a cross-sectional study was conducted for 473 middle-aged Japanese males. After adjustment for age, residence, occupation, body mass index and alcohol consumption, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were inversely associated with each intake frequency of dairy products, coffee, fruits, egg, beef, pork and chicken. The adjusted mean SBP and DBP of the individuals with 'all (= three)' of the following three dietary habits; 'once and over/wk of dairy products', 'once and over/wk of fruits', and 'three times and over/wk of beef, pork or chicken', were 7.4 mmHg and 6.9 mmHg lower (p < 0.001, for each) than those of 'zero or one' group. According to the analyses on 3-days weighed food records of 157 volunteers, the adjusted mean daily intake of total protein, animal protein and potassium were markedly higher in the 'two' or the 'three' group than in the 'zero or one' group (p < 0.05, for each). These results suggest that habitual intake of dairy products, fruits, and meat or chicken may be associated with the reduction of blood pressure possibly through the intake of protein and potassium.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Relationship of occupation to blood pressure among middle-aged Japanese men--the significance of the differences in body mass index and alcohol consumption.

To clarify how and why blood pressure differs between occupations, the proportions of hypertensives, and the measures of blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption among the individuals not taking antihypertensive drugs were compared between the eight occupational categories using the data from a health check-up for 589 middle-aged Japanese males, mostly randomly selected from five areas in Japan. After adjusting for age, the relationships of occupation to the proportion of hypertensives and the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure substantially differed among the five areas. However, after further adjustment for residence, these blood pressure levels (the proportion of hypertensives, and the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure) were found to be higher for the "Personnel in transport and communications", the "Clerical personnel", the "Managerial and civil personnel" and the "Professional and technical personnel", whereas these values were consistently lowest in the "Service personnel". Age and residence-adjusted mean BMI was also higher for the four occupational categories with the increased blood pressure levels. According to a weighted multiple regression analysis across the eight occupations, the age and residence-adjusted mean BMI was a significant predictor of the age and residence-adjusted mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.068 and 0.018, respectively). These results suggest that the occupation-related changes in BMI may largely contribute to the occupation-related changes in blood pressure.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1998

MR features of the lacrimal gland in Sjögren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate the MR features of the lacrimal glands in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using MR imaging, we examined 58 lacrimal glands in 29 women with Sjögren's syndrome and 150 lacrimal glands in 75 female control subjects. The patients ranged in age from 21 to 76 years, and the control subjects ranged in age from 0 to 78 years. We analyzed the thicknesses and internal signal intensity patterns of the lacrimal glands and compared the results with lacrimal flow rates using Schirmer's test. RESULTS: On the basis of the profile of normal age-related decreases in lacrimal gland thickness that we obtained from our control subjects, we categorized the lacrimal glands in the patients with Sjögren's syndrome as hypertrophic (7.8 +/- 0.8 mm), normal-sized (4.8 +/- 1.2 mm), or atrophic (2.4 +/- 0.5 mm). The patients had slower lacrimal flow rates than did the control subjects. Atrophic lacrimal glands had slower lacrimal flow rates (1.8 +/- 1.2 mm/5 min) than did normal-sized (5.2 +/- 2.8 mm/5 min) and hypertrophic (4.3 +/- 2.6 mm/5 min) glands. Normal-sized lacrimal glands with homogeneous MR features had faster lacrimal flow rates (7.6 +/- 2.2 mm/5 min) than did normal-sized glands with heterogeneous MR features (4.0 +/- 2.4 mm/5 min). Fat suppression studies showed that fat deposition was accelerated in the lacrimal glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that change in size associated with accelerated fat deposition may be the characteristic MR feature of lacrimal glands affected by Sjögren's syndrome. Thus, MR imaging could be a useful tool for assessment of the extent of lacrimal gland involvement in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Role of impaired glucose tolerance in the progression of hypertension].

The present report describes the relationship between the glucose tolerance and hypertension surveyed in a ten-year longitudinal epidemiological study in two rural communities in Hokkaido, Japan. The 1972 subjects (928 men and 1044 women, aged 40-64, mean 51.1 +/- 7.0 years) were randomly selected in 1977 and 1978, underwent a 50-g oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) at the first year. The prevalences of borderline hypertension (BHT) and of hypertension (HT) were highest in those with diabetes mellitus (DM), followed by those with borderline diabetes (BDM) and those normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly and positively correlated with plasma glucose levels during fasting (FPG), 60 min. after GTT (60G), and 120 min. after GTT (120G), and were ordered as follows: NGT < BDM < DM. The FPG, 60G and 120G plasma glucose levels were all significantly higher in BHT and HT than in NT. The prevalences of the progression to hypertension from non-hypertension over the ten-year follow-up period were ordered as follows: NGT < BDM < DM. Glucose levels in progression group were higher than those in non-progression group. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that age, glucose intolerance, systolic blood pressure, and obesity index were significant predictors of the progression to hypertension. These results indicate that impaired glucose tolerance may be associated with hypertension, and might play a role in the development of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Fibroepithelial polyp of the renal pelvis. A case report].

Benign tumors of the renal pelvis are relatively rare, and only a few reports have been published so far. Recently we experienced a case of a 50-year-old woman with a fibroepithelial polyp in the left pelvis. Drip infusion pyelography and abdominal CT revealed a filling defect and tiny renal stones in the left pelvis under the study of her urinary blood occult. A transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis was suspected, so a left total nephroureterectomy was done. The pathological diagnosis of this tumor was fibroepithelial polyp. As it is said that preoperative diagnosis of such a polyp is difficult, preoperative ureteroscopy or perioperative pathological diagnosis by frozen sections should be attempted. But it is difficult to avoid a nephroureterectomy because low incidence of the disease.

Female↗
PubMed1998

[Malignant mesenchymoma in the scrotum. A case report].

A 67-year-old man visited our hospital with the chief complaint of painless swelling of the left scrotal content. An elastic hard mass was palpable in the left scrotum. Resection of the tumor, including the left scrotal skin, was performed. The tumor originated from the scrotal wall and did not communicate with the testis, the epididymis or spermatic cord. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a malignant mesenchymoma composed of liposarcoma, chondrosacoma and osteosarcoma. Malignant mesenchymoma is very rare, especially in the scrotum. Our case that originated from the scrotal wall is the first one reported in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical chemistry in a fog].

In medical practice, laboratory tests, especially chemical tests, has been used as an important supplementary tool for diagnosis. However, recent "clinical chemistry" as a science is stagnant and wandering. Since the clinical importance of "clinical chemistry" has been clarified in various fields and deeply permeated into daily practice, "clinical chemistry" as a science has come up against a brick wall. With such a background, some researchers attempted to find a way in the technical field or accuracy management field, i.e., "analytic chemistry". In this field, certain results have been obtained, and the analytic accuracy has been so improved as to reflect in vivo changes at extremely high accuracy. However, this "analytical chemistry" is, so to speak, a field of emergency refuge of "clinical chemistry" and not its original state. Many clinical chemical items can be analyzed using automatic analyzers, and academic interest is lost due to autoanalysis as a black box. In present status, we should develop a new "clinical chemistry". The borders between examination areas have become unclear, and immunological laboratory techniques have been introduced into clinical chemistry. We should estimate new approach using these new techniques and establish their clinical significance. In medical practice, not only diagnostic imaging test, such as ultrasound imaging CT, MRI for evaluation of organic in vivo changes but also clinical test including chemical test for sensitive evaluation of functional changes is indispensable. These two examination methods should be combined in medical care with "patients" placed in its central position.

Chemistry Techniques, Analytical↗
PubMed1998

[A case of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma responding to suppository of Tegafur].

We report a case of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) successfully controlled by the suppository administration of Tegafur alone. Five months after initiation of the drug, excellent reduction of tumors and decrease of serum alpha-feto-protein (AFP) level were seen without any side effects. Also, twenty-four months after of the treatment, no regrowth of tumors or increase in the serum AFP level was seen. Because Tegafur is a time-dependent agent, advanced HCC may be controlled by continuous administration for a long period.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1998

[New application of ultrasound imaging using contrast agent].

Recently, various ultrasound contrast agent have been developed all over the world. This paper reviewed recent development of some contrast agent and clinical application of new imaging using contrast agent (Enhanced color Doppler Imaging, Harmonic Imaging, Flash Echo Imaging and Loss of Correlation Imaging). These new methods are easily feasible with a clinical ultrasound diagnosis machine for evaluating further information, for example, slow or deeply located lesion's blood flow, furthermore tissue perfusion. Contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging such as Harmonic imaging is enable to evaluate tissue function.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effect of carboxy-PTIO, a nitric oxide scavenger, on the proliferation of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro.

We investigated the effect of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (c-PTIO), a specific nitric oxide scavenger and a stable radical compound, on the proliferation of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro. The c-PTIO promoted colony formation by erythropoietin and either interleukin-6 (IL-6) or the c-kit ligand/stem cell factor (SCF) in a methylcellulose culture, where the number of colonies increased 2.2-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively. During the addition of c-PTIO to the liquid cultures of murine bone marrow cells containing a combination of IL-6 and SCF, colony-forming cells in vitro (CFC) and the colony-forming unit in the spleen (CFU-S) increased about 1.8-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively, higher than the control culture after 7 day of culture. When c-PTIO was added twice at days 0 and 2 during the culture, 3.6-fold and 1.7-fold increases over the control were observed in the number of CFC and CFU-S. These results suggest the possibility that c-PTIO regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical study on poor-risk patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumor].

Between 1988 and 1996, we treated 11 poor-risk patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) at Nagoya University Hospital. "Poor-risk" was defined as i) advanced disease equal to or greater than class 7 of the Indiana University Classification (7 patients), ii) primary mediastinal extragonadal NSGCT (2), iii) tumor markers not normalized by the induction chemotherapy (1) or iv) primary retroperitoneal NSGCT with multiple lung metastases (1). Two patients with mediastinal tumors died during the chemotherapy. The minimal volume of fluid must be administered to patients with giant mediastinal tumors. The tumor marker normalized during the induction chemotherapy in only three patients. Three patients, whose tumor markers elevated during or one month after the induction chemotherapy, eventually died of cancer. The tumor markers in five of the seven patients which had not normalized during the induction chemotherapy, had decreased to the normal range during the salvage chemotherapy and two of the five subsequently achieved the status of "no evidence of disease" (NED). Six patients with and two without normalized tumor markers underwent retroperitoneal lymph nodes dissection and/or resection of residual tumors. Pathological examination of the resected tumors showed necrosis/fibrosis in five patients and two had elevated tumor markers immediately after the surgery and eventually died of the disease. Overall, eight (73%) of 11 poor-risk patients achieved a complete response but only five (45%) eventually achieved a NED status that was maintained (6.6 +/- 3.0 years). Our results were not satisfactory, and we believe that new strategies, such as early high-dose chemotherapy, are required for poor-risk patients, who are not likely to respond well to the induction chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical evaluation of intermittent hepatic arterial infusion therapy for metastatic liver tumor of gastric and colorectal cancer].

Eleven patients with liver metastasis from gastric cancer were treated by intermittent arterial infusion using OK-432 and recombinant IL-2 in combination with anticancer drugs. The direct effects for liver metastasis were PR 3 (response rate 30%), MR 2, NC 3, PD 1 and NE 1. Papillary adenocarcinoma showed a highly effective rate. The mean survival period was 326 days and the 50% survival period was 318 days. Out of 4 patients who underwent surgical resection for metastatic liver tumor, one showed recurrence, and the other is now healthy without any sign of recurrence for 8 years after the operation. In 7 patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer, intermittent arterial infusion therapy using Leucovorin, CDDP and 5-FU was performed. The direct effects were CR 2, PR 1, MR 1, PD 2, NE 1; the mean survival period was 478 days, and the 50% survival period 556 days. Out of 8 patients who underwent liver resection for metastasis, all patients remained alive for 687 mean survival days without liver recurrence. No severe side effects were noted in either therapy.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1998

Expression of thioredoxin is enhanced in atherosclerotic plaques and during neointima formation in rat arteries.

Thioredoxin (TRX) is an intracellular enzyme that has a variety of activities as a hydrogen donor for various intracellular molecules. In the present study, we investigated the role of TRX in atherosclerotic lesions. In human atherosclerotic specimens, TRX and TRX mRNA were enhanced in endothelial cells and macrophages in the atherosclerotic plaques. In balloon-injured rat arteries, TRX expression increased from 2 to 6 weeks after injury; TRX was induced in the neointimal regenerating endothelial cells. In hybridization experiments, TRX mRNA was also induced from 2 to 6 weeks in the endothelium. In this model, inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the neointimal smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells increased from 2 to 6 weeks after surgical procedures were performed. During this period, the immunoreactivity of nitrotyrosine, which is a marker of nitric oxide (NO) production, also increased. We focused on the association between TRX and NO. In vitro studies using a murine endothelial cell line showed TRX and TRX mRNA induction by NO and peroxynitrite donors. Enhanced expression of TRX was detected mainly within the cytoplasm in immunocytochemical studies. In addition, TRX-transfected cells showed resistance to peroxynitrite-induced cytotoxicity. These findings indicate that TRX and the cellular redox state modified by TRX play a crucial role in arterial neointima formation in atherosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Occurrences of penicillin-binding protein 2B gene in clinically isolated penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae].

We analyzed 88 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) isolated in Showa University Hospital from June 1995 to July 1996. The ratios of antibiotic resistance were 39% to penicillin G, 50% to erythromycin, and 2% to imipenem. No resistant to cefotaxime and ofloxacin was observed. Thirty-four strains (39%) were considered to be penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) strains (MIC of penicillin G > or = 0.5 microgram/ml), according to the breakpoint determined by the Japanese Working Group for Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. The ratio of PRSP was higher in S. pneumoniae isolated from inpatients (25/47) when compared to that from outpatients. By PCR analysis, DNA regions of autolysin were amplified in all the 88 strains, confirming that the isolates were S. pneumoniae. Penicillin-binding protein 2B (PBP2B) class B region was positive in 32 strains, and PBP2B class A was in 2 strains. Twenty eight of 34 strains of PRSP contained the PBP2B class B gene. In the remaining six PRSP strains, neither the PBP2B class A nor B region was amplified. The PBP2B class B region was detected as a 180-kb fragment of SmaI digestion of S. pneumoniae DNA by Southern blot analysis, confirming that the detection of PBP2B class B gene by PCR is reliable. We concluded that the PBP2B class B gene is considered to be a major gene responsible for phenotypic resistance of PRSP. We performed genotyping by SmaI digestion pattern using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. No identical pattern was observed in isolates from inpatients, suggesting that apparent nosocomial infection of S. pneumoniae was negligible.

Aminoacyltransferases↗