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Biomedical subjects

Y Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Taguchi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Pravastatin prevents the progression of accelerated coronary artery disease after heart transplantation in a rabbit model.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of pravastatin (Pr) on accelerated coronary arteriosclerosis in transplanted hearts. The rabbit hearts were transplanted to the recipients' neck heterotopically, and received FK506. The rabbits in group 1 were fed a normal diet (ND), and cholesterol-rich diet (CD) in group 2 and 3. Pr (10 mg/kg) was given to group 3. They were sacrificed at 4 weeks and the severity of myocardial rejection and arterio-sclerosis was assessed and scored histologically. The serum lipid levels were significantly elevated by a CD. However, addition of Pr had no effect on the levels of LDL and total cholesterol (TC). There was no significant difference in myocardial rejection in each group. Transplanted hearts in group 2 showed more severe arteriosclerotic lesions than those in group 1. Pr treatment in group 3 diminished the severity of coronary arteriosclerosis. Pr may prevent the accelerated coronary arteriosclerosis after heart transplantation without significant changes in TC and LDL.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Weak expression of blood type B antigen in kidney tissue and successful B-incompatible kidney transplantation without special treatments.

Much attention has been paid to only natural antibody titer of the recipients in ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation. In this study, we looked at the distribution of blood type antigens in the kidney tissue. Thirty-seven biopsy specimens from patients with nephritis or transplanted kidneys were recruited. Fifteen were type A, 14 were type B, and 8 were type AB. Kidney tissues were stained with anti-A or anti-B antibody using immunohistological staining. The stained dots in each section were regarded as the area and were measured by image analyzer. B antigen was expressed very weakly both in the glomeruli and in interstitium as compared with A antigen. In type AB, B antigen was less expressed than A antigen. Based on these results, we performed B-incompatible kidney transplantation. No rejection was seen without preoperative depletion of natural antibody and splenectomy. These results may suggest that type B-incompatible kidney transplantation might possibly be performed without preoperative depletion of natural antibodies.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1996

High acid secretion may protect the gastric mucosa from injury caused by ammonia produced by Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism by which gastric atrophy does not tend to occur in patients with duodenal ulcer despite frequent Helicobacter pylori infection. This investigation was performed in 60 patients with duodenal ulcer and 63 age-matched gastritis patients. Endoscopic findings in the antrum and corpus were classified as normal, atrophic and superficial changes. Biopsy specimens were taken from the antrum and corpus. Ninety per cent of patients with duodenal ulcer and 63.5% of patients with gastritis had H. pylori infection (P < 0.01). The incidence of normal findings in duodenal patients was 30% in antral regions and 50% in the corpus (P < 0.05). Atrophic change was observed in 21.7% of patients in the antrum and 3.3% of patients in the corpus (P < 0.01). The grade of inflammation in duodenal ulcer specimens was significantly higher in the antrum than in the corpus (P < 0.01). H. pylori density was significantly higher in the antrum than in the corpus in ulcer patients (P < 0.01). No significant difference in endoscopic findings, H. pylori density or the grade of inflammation was found between the antrum and corpus in patients with gastritis. The mean intragastric ammonia concentration was 10.3 mg/dL in duodenal ulcer patients and 6.2 mg/dL in gastritis patients (P < 0.01). The mean pH was 3.5 and 4.6 in ulcer and gastritis specimens, respectively (P < 0.01). Our data suggest that gastric mucosa injury is less frequently associated with duodenal ulcers than with gastritis due to the low H. pylori density in the corpus and to the higher acid output that neutralizes the ammonia produced by H. pylori.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Continuous measurement of 13C16O2 production from [13C]pyruvate by intact liver mitochondria: effect of HCO3-.

We have measured continuously the production of mass 45 CO2(13C16O2) from 13C-labeled pyruvate in a guinea pig liver mitochondrial suspension and simultaneously the O2 consumption at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4. The reactions took place in a closed 3-ml volume, stirred, thermoregulated chamber separated from the ion source of a mass spectrometer by a gas-permeable membrane that permitted recording the mass peaks of any gas dissolved in the reaction mixture with a response time as fast as 3 s. If the pyruvate was labeled on C-2, no 13C16O2 was formed, even after 1 h, indicating that C-2 and C-3 were not metabolized in the citric acid cycle. We found that production of 13C16O2 was five times greater in the presence of 25 mM HCO3- than in its absence. A probable mechanism of this CO2/HCO3- effect is carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, which would react with acetyl CoA to form citrate and with NADH to form malate, thus removing two major inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase. We conclude that CO2/HCO3- has a potent and hitherto unappreciated regulatory effect on liver pyruvate dehydrogenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Osteoclast function is activated by osteoblastic cells through a mechanism involving cell-to-cell contact.

We have established a method for obtaining an enriched preparation of functionally active osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (enriched OCLs) from co-cultures of mouse primary osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Using these enriched OCLs, the effect of osteoblastic cells on osteoclast function was examined in two assays: a pit formation assay and an assay for actin ring formation. The enriched OCLs cultured for 24 h on dentine slices formed only a few resorption pits. When various numbers of primary osteoblasts were added to the enriched OCLs, the areas of the resorption pits increased proportionally to the number of osteoblasts added. Like primary osteoblasts, the established cell lines of osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1 and KS-4) and bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MC3T3-G2/PA6 and ST2) potentiated the pit formation caused by enriched OCLs. In contrast, the fibroblastic cell lines NIH3T3 and C3H10T1/2) and the myoblastic cell line (C2C12) failed to activate OCL function. When cell-to-cell contact between MC3T3-E1 cells and enriched OCLs was prevented, only a few resorption pits were formed. Pit formation by enriched rat osteoclasts placed on dentine slices was also stimulated by adding MC3T3-E1 cells. Actin ring formation and pit forming activity were well correlated in either culture of enriched mouse OCLs or authentic rat osteoclasts on dentine slices. These results indicate that osteoclast function is activated by osteoblastic cells through a mechanism involving cell-to-cell and/or cell-to matrix contact.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1996

Osteoclast function is activated by osteoblastic cells through a mechanism involving cell-to-cell contact.

We have established a method for obtaining an enriched preparation of functionally active osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (enriched OCLs) from co-cultures of mouse primary osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Using these enriched OCLs, the effect of osteoblastic cells on osteoclast function was examined in two assays: a pit formation assay and an assay for actin ring formation. The enriched OCLs cultured for 24 h on dentine slices formed only a few resorption pits. When various numbers of primary osteoblasts were added to the enriched OCLs, the areas of the resorption pits increased proportionally to the number of osteoblasts added. Like primary osteoblasts, the established cell lines of osteoblastic cell (MC3T3-E1 and KS-4) and bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MC3T3-G2/PA6 and ST2) potentiated the pit formation caused by enriched OCLs. In contrast, the fibroblastic cell lines (NIH3T3 and C3H10T1/2) and the myoblastic cell line (C2C12) failed to activate OCL function. When cell-to-cell contact between MC3T3-E1 cells and enriched OCLs was prevented, only a few resorption pits were formed. Pit formation by enriched rat osteoclasts placed on dentine slices was also stimulated by adding MC3T3-E1 cells. Actin ring formation and pit forming activity were well correlated in either culture of enriched mouse OCLs or authentic rat osteoclasts on dentine slices. These results indicate that osteoclast function is activated by osteoblastic cells-through a mechanism involving cell-to-cell and/or cell-to-matrix contact.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Is Baker's cyst a risk factor for pulmonary embolism?

We encountered a 73-year-old man with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and Baker's cyst. Venography revealed that the right popliteal vein was compressed by Baker's cyst and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) had developed. DVT associated with Baker's cyst is rather common and these two conditions are thought to be causally related. Baker's cyst is the most frequent mass lesion in the popliteal region. We suggest that Baker's cyst is a risk factor for PE as well as surgery and trauma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Spinal arachnoid cyst developing after surgical treatment of a ruptured vertebral artery aneurysm: a possible complication of topical use of fibrin glue. Case report.

A case is reported of a 59-year-old man with a spinal arachnoid cyst accompanied by spinal arachnoiditis. The patient developed symptoms after treatment for a ruptured vertebral artery aneurysm, in which fibrin glue was used for reconstruction of the suboccipital bone defect. It is believed that the fibrin glue may have played a role in forming the arachnoid cyst. The authors urge the readers to keep in mind the possibility of subclinical spinal arachnoiditis in the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and suggest that care should be taken to avoid any possible adverse effect of fibrin glue.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1996

A surgical technique to avoid postoperative enophthalmos in the cranioorbital approach. Technical note.

The authors describe a surgical technique to avoid postoperative enophthalmos when using the cranioorbital approach. To perform osteotomies with a less demanding technique, two separate bone flaps were created: 1) a free frontotemporal bone flap and 2) en bloc removal of the superior and lateral orbital rims: Because the latter bone flap includes both the orbital roof and the posterolateral wall of the orbit with the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, unnecessary bone defects in the lateral orbital wall are avoided. The technique has been performed in seven patients treated for medially located skull base neoplasms or complex anterior circulation aneurysms without postoperative enophthalmos or other cosmetic problems. The authors believe this cranioorbital approach, with its simpler, less invasive surgical technique, offers a definite advantage by avoiding postoperative enophthalmos.

Enophthalmos↗