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Biomedical subjects

Y Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Taguchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma with extraparenchymatous cyst--case report.

A large supratentorial tumor associated with an extraparenchymatous cyst and multiloculated intraparenchymatous cysts occurred in a 14-month-old infant. This case had all the characteristic features of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma both clinically and histologically. The notable difference was the extraparenchymatous cyst. The extraparenchymatous cyst was probably caused by entrapment of cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space by some check-valve mechanism because the leptomeninges were commonly involved in the tumor. A similar mechanism may explain the etiology of the intraparenchymatous, disproportionately large cyst in desmoplastic infantile gangliogliomas.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1993

[Relationship between aseptic necrosis of femoral head bone and immunosuppression therapy, especially CsA administration].

We reviewed 224 patients, who underwent kidney transplantation to investigate relationship between aseptic necrosis (AN) and administration of steroid, Cyclosporin A (CsA), body weight gain. We classified patients into 4 groups by the type of immunosuppressant: the AP group had received Azathioprine (AZ) + Prednisolone (Pre); the CP group, CsA + Pre; the ACP group, AZ + CsA + Pre; and others. There were total 24 AN patients (10.7%). The incidences of AN is 18% in the CP group, 9.3% in the AP group and 0% in the ACP group. In the AP group, weight gain at 1 and 2 month after transplantation and cumulative steroid dose at 3, 4, 5 and 6 month after transplantation correlated with AN. In the patients with AN of the CP and ACP groups, CsA doses per kilogram of body were higher than those in patients without AN at 5, 6 and 12 month after transplantation. In the CP group, the incidence of AN is significantly higher, and administration dose of CsA was higher than that in the ACP group. However steroid dose and body weight gain were lower in the CP group. Therefore AN was associated with CsA in the CP group. In contrast, AN correlated with weight gain and early high cumulative steroid dose administration in the AP group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of clonality of Epstein-Barr virus-induced human B lymphoproliferative disease in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency.

To improve the diagnostic accuracy and understanding of the pathogenesis of lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs) occurring in immunosuppressed transplant recipients (post-transplantation LPD), clonality of Epstein-Barr virus-induced human LPDs in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency was examined by analyzing: 1) human immunoglobulin genes and their products, 2) the clonality of Epstein-Barr virus DNA, and 3) genetic alteration of c-myc or bcl-2 genes. A spectrum of clonality was found in the LPDs comparable with that reported for post-transplantation LPDs, although rearrangements of c-myc or bcl-2 genes were not detected. It is confirmed that this system is useful in terms of clonality for understanding the early phases in the pathogenesis of post-transplantation LPD or LPD in immune deficient patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Signal-averaged electrocardiogram in right bundle branch block patients after surgical repair for congenital heart disease].

Right bundle branch block (RBBB) type was investigated using signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) in 35 RBBB patients after surgical repair of ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot. The type of RBBB was first identified by body surface mapping; 12 patients had proximal RBBB, and 23 had peripheral RBBB. The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. The following three findings were seen in most patients with proximal RBBB, and were useful for determining the type of RBBB; a filtered QRS duration equal to or longer than 160 msec, a fragmented signal number equal to or greater than 10 and the whole type of filtered QRS pattern. The sensitivity and specificity of SAECG for proximal RBBB were shown to be high. In conclusion, SAECG was found to be useful for non-invasive determination of RBBB types.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Histamine N-methyltransferase from rat kidney. Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression in Escherichia coli cells.

Complementary DNA clones encoding rat kidney histamine N-methyltransferase have been isolated using synthetic oligonucleotide probes based on partial amino acid sequences of tryptic peptides of the purified enzyme. The 1.3-kilobase cDNA consisted of a 5'-noncoding region of 8 nucleotides, a coding region of 885 nucleotides, and a 3'-noncoding region of 369 nucleotides. The encoded protein of 295 amino acid residues had a calculated molecular weight of 33,940.2. After introduction of a prokaryotic expression vector containing the isolated cDNA, Escherichia coli cells expressed histamine N-methyltransferase activity. The enzyme expressed in these cells was isolated and purified as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, whose mobility was identical to the natural enzyme purified from rat kidney. The recombinant enzyme had Vmax and Km values for both histamine and S-adenosylmethionine identical to those of the natural enzyme. All of the inhibitors of the natural enzyme tested showed similar Ki values on both recombinant and natural enzyme.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Construction and characterization of a fusion protein with epidermal growth factor and the cell-binding domain of fibronectin.

An efficient expression system was constructed for C-EGF, a fusion protein made of a fragment of the cell-binding domain of human fibronectin (FN) bound with epidermal growth factor (EGF). C-EGF was produced in Escherichia coli HB101 cells carrying the recombinant plasmid pCE102 as inclusion bodies, which were solubilized and refolded after purification. C-EGF had both cell-adhesive and EGF activities, so it might be more effective than EGF in therapeutic applications. This fusion system would be useful for the construction of a recombinant drug delivery system for cells that have fibronectin receptors (integrins).

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1992

Comparative study of magnetic resonance and CT scan imaging in cases of severe head injury.

The distribution, frequency, and appearance of head injuries were evaluated with MRI and CT in a prospective study of 155 patients with acute (n = 124) and chronic (n = 31) head injuries. MRI was significantly more sensitive than CT in the detection of intraaxial injury at any stage. In severe cases, central structure lesions were detected in approximately 80% of patients. Severity on admission was compatible with MR findings. However it was difficult to decide on neurobehavioural prognosis from initial MRI findings only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Progress in primary immunodeficiency.

Clinically, primary immunodeficiencies can be grouped into several well-defined syndromes. This consistent clinical picture, however, belies the enormous complexity of lymphocyte maturation and activation, and it has long been suspected that numerous distinct underlying defects give rise to primary immunodeficiencies. At a recent workshop, the molecular and genetic characterization of a handful of such defects provided tacit support for such suspicions.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1992

Assessment of liver graft function after cold preservation using 31P and 23Na magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

We investigated the functional damages of the cytoplasm and the cell membrane of liver grafts in male Wister Kyoto rats after 24-hr and 48-hr cold preservations using the University of Wisconsin solution in vitro. Fructose (10 mM) or NH4Cl (50 mM) was added to the perfusate, and synthesis of fructose-1-phosphate (F-1-P) and Na- and H-ion transports through the cell membrane were evaluated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), 31P-MRS and 23Na-MRS. After 30 min of reperfusion, beta-ATP/(inorganic phosphate: Pi) of the 48-hr preserved group was significantly lower than the control group and the 24-hr preserved group. The changes of F-1-P in the control group and the 24-hr preserved group were almost the same, but F-1-P synthesis was lower in the 48-hr preserved liver than those of the other groups. Intracellular pH began to drop after the cessation of NH4Cl loading, and then it recovered to the preloading level. At the same time Nain+ was increased in the control group. However, in the other two groups, the increasing rates of Nain+ were lower, and the recoveries of Nain+ were less. In conclusion, the function of cell membrane was more fragile than that of mitochondria and cytoplasmic sugar metabolism in the liver graft.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Primary immunodeficiency diseases and Epstein-Barr virus-induced lymphoproliferative disorders.

Increased incidence of malignant disorders is noted in patients with both primary and acquired immunodeficiency diseases. The pathogenetic mechanism(s) for these disorders remain unclear. Defective immunosurveillance of these patients, however, is mainly postulated to be responsible for the increased risk of these malignant disorders. Of the malignant disorders, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) have been increasingly reported, possibly due to improved therapeutic management techniques such as bone marrow transplantation, which results in prolonged survival periods for the primary immunodeficiency; the dramatic development of immunosuppressive treatments for transplant recipients; and the growing numbers of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. This review focuses on the primary immunodeficiency diseases and EBV-induced LPD, and discusses pathogenetic mechanism(s) for the increased incidence of these malignant disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Culture-positive Legionella pneumonia in Japan, 1980-1990. Working Party for Legionellosis, Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare].

The Working Party for Legionellosis headed by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare processed to standardize the diagnostic procedures for Legionella pneumonia, as the first step to clarify the actual occurrence of patients with this respiratory disease. All the clinical data were collected and analysed on the 28 culture-confirmed patients in Japan during the past 11 years, from 1980 through 1990. The 28 patients were distributed throughout Japan, from Hokkaido to Kyushu. Out of 28 patients, 18 were community-acquired and 10 were nosocomially infected. In 8 of 18 community-acquired patients, any significant underlying disease was not observed. Though it was dominant in the age group in their 60s & 70s, victims were distributed in adults over 20 years of age and even in a new born baby. Only 5 out of 28 patients recovered successfully. From the autopsy findings, in 5 out of the remaining 23 expired patients, Legionella pneumonia seemed to be successfully treated, but other disease or other bacterial pneumonia put an end to the patients. The results of clinical laboratory tests and the efficacy of antibiotics to Legionella pneumonia were essentially the same as those reported in the literature.

Adult↗