Biomedical subjects

Y Tada

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tada.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

A major outer membrane protein of Serratia marcescens which was easily solubilized and had a capacity to bind to calcium.

Easily solubilized major outer membrane protein was found in Serratia marcescens. The protein was originally obtained as a membrane-associated, insoluble protein in the outer membrane when the cells were slightly disrupted. However, the amount of this protein in the outer membrane gradually decreased with the time of sonication. The decrease was not due to decomposition of the protein but to solubilization into a soluble fraction after a long period of disruption. The molecular weight of this protein was 47 kDa and it bound calcium. Another 40 kDa calcium binding protein was also found in the outer membrane of S. marcescens.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗

PubMed1990

The finite element analysis of brain oedema associated with intracranial meningiomas.

The mathematical model of vasogenic brain oedema, which was presented at the previous meeting in 1987, was applied to the analysis of peritumoural brain oedema associated with meningiomas. Magnetic resonance images of 90 patients with intracranial meningiomas were reviewed to analyze the spatial extension of peritumoural brain oedema. It is assumed that the heterogeneous pattern of distribution of peritumoural oedema reflects the variability of the compact density of the fibers in the white matter. A two dimensional finite element model was constructed with 786 triangular elements from a horizontal section of the human brain. The development of oedema, the change of interstitial pressure, the deformation of the brain and the absorption of oedema fluid could be simulated by the finite element method. The result of computer simulation represented interactive behaviour of the brain tissue, extracellular fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid in the clinical situation. The finite element method (FEM) may provide a new experimental tool to analyze the pathophysiology of vasogenic brain oedema.

Brain↗

PubMed1990

Congenital arteriovenous fistula in the gluteal region--a report of five cases.

Five cases of congenital arteriovenous fistula in the gluteal region have been encountered in our department in the past 20 years. In all cases, the fistulous masses were in the connective tissue between the gluteal muscles and well-localized. Preoperative angiography showed the feeding arteries to be the superior gluteal, the inferior gluteal, and/or the lateral femoral circumflex arteries, and all the arteriovenous fistulae were excised almost completely with success. In this report, we emphasize the importance of precise estimation of the feeding arteries on preoperative angiography and ligating them before excising the fistulous masses, to ensure safe surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Aortobronchial fistula after an aortic operation.

A 71-year-old man with a postoperative aortobronchial fistula was successfully treated. The fistula occurred between the left lower lobe and the descending thoracic aorta, to which a distal anastomosis of a temporary bypass graft had been placed during thoracic aortic aneurysmectomy 3 years before. For saving patients with this complication, early surgical treatment during episodes of intermittent hemoptysis is important. The use of an omentum pedicle flap for the isolation of the suture line is a important adjunct.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Increased production of the third component of complement (C3) by monocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

We measured in vitro C3 production by peripheral blood monocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and found it to be significantly greater than that from normal controls. We also found that monocytes from SLE patients with active disease produced a markedly larger amount of C3 than those from SLE patients with inactive disease. Production of C3 by monocytes correlated with serum levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies and inversely correlated with serum C3 levels in SLE patients. Serial measurement of C3 in the culture supernatant from each SLE patient showed that C3 production by monocytes fell in parallel with a decrease of disease activity. The effect of corticosteroids was ruled out as there was no relation between the level of C3 production by monocytes and the dose of prednisolone. This seems to be the first study in which the C3 production was assayed at a cellular level in SLE patients, and this study suggests that the local C3 production is increased in SLE patients.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗

PubMed1990

A new approach for the filtrate regeneration system in the wearable artificial kidney.

In the filtrate and/or dialysate regeneration system, which is expected to miniaturize the artificial kidney, ammonium ion decomposed from urea by immobilized urease is removed competitively by ion-exchangers from coexisting cations. Since divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ are more favorably exchanged than ammonium ion, this system needs supplementation of these cations and, thus, additional amount of ion-exchanger. To minimize these requirements, we utilized positively charged membrane to process cation-free filtrate in which urea is dialyzed. Positively charged membranes were tested in vitro to evaluate separation efficiency between urea and cations. Equilibrium adsorption of ammonium ion to ion-exchanger with or without co-existing cations demonstrates that this filtrate regeneration system can reduce the amount of ion-exchanger up to one-half to one-third of that of the conventional system. In an ex vivo experiment with a mongrel dog, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was maintained at the same level or up to 23% less than the initial value.

Aluminum Silicates↗

PubMed1990

High incidence of herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an immunological analysis.

The incidence of herpes zoster was determined in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the cellular and humoral immunity to varicella zoster virus (VZV) investigated in 45 of these 92 patients. The incidence of herpes zoster was high, occurring in 40 patients (43%), though it was benign in all. Patients with SLE who had had zoster showed significantly higher antibody titres than normal subjects. On the other hand, only 13 of 43 (30%) patients with SLE showed positive delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to VZV antigen, despite a history of infections with VZV, whereas all 15 normal subjects had positive reactions. Skin reactions to VZV correlated directly with the ratio of OKT4+ to OKT8+ T cells and inversely with the dose of corticosteroids. These results suggest that the high incidence of herpes zoster in patients with SLE is probably due to defects in cellular immunity and that normal or higher titres of antibodies to VZV will not act as a preventive against zoster. In addition, reactivation of VZV, whether symptomatic or not, seemed often to occur in patients with SLE.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Early intracellular events in human T cells induced by anti-Leu4 antibody: comparison between responders and nonresponders.

Early intracellular signals in response to anti-Leu4 in T cells were studied. There are two groups whose T cells, in the presence of accessory cells, proliferate (responders) or not (nonresponders) in response to anti-CD3 antibodies of the subclass IgG1, as is the case with anti-Leu4. Approximately 30% of Protein Kinase C (PKC) in the cytosol fraction disappeared temporarily, thereby indicating PKC activation, in response to immobilized anti-Leu4. PKC activation in purified T cells was detected both in responders and in nonresponders. The stimulation by anti-Leu4 crosslinked with goat anti-mouse IgG led to an increase in intracellular free calcium concentration [Ca++]i) in the T cells, and this increase was identical in responders and nonresponders. Although minimal Interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor expression was apparent, T cells even from responders failed to proliferate in response to anti-Leu4, in the absence of accessory cells. Thus, in T cells from responders or nonresponders, anti-Leu4 stimulation induces early intracellular signal transduction and IL-2 receptor expression, but without accessory cells, proliferation does not occur.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Squamous cell carcinoma after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.

We report two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices. The interval between sclerotherapy and the development of carcinoma was 24 months in case 1 and 21 months in case 2. The sclerosant was 5% sodium morrhuate in case 1 (total dose, 10 ml) and 5% ethanolamine oleate in case 2 (45.5 ml). Although no recurrent variceal bleeding occurred after sclerotherapy, we could not perform any curative surgical treatment for esophageal cancer because of the advanced stage of the cancer and the severity of the accompanying liver dysfunction. It is difficult to determine the relationship between sclerotherapy and carcinoma; however, long-term surveillance is essential to avoid overlooking a neoplasm in the esophagus after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1990

[Quantitation of intact form of complement protein B and its fragment Ba in human serum by radioimmunoassay].

A sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay for intact complement protein B and its smaller fragment Ba is described which quantitates human B and Ba to 30 ng/ml. The assay was proved to be useful to evaluate the activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system by measuring intact B and Ba in normal human sera activated with zymosan. In sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the level of intact B was decreased and that of Ba was increased in the active phase, and the level of Ba was increased though intact B which was within normal limits in the inactive phase. The present result suggests that the activation of the alternative pathway is occurring both in the active and inactive phase in SLE, and the measurement of intact B and Ba concentration in pathological sera would be useful to evaluate the activation of the alternative complement pathway.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[A successfully treated case of aortouretric fistula associated with pelvic exenteration].

A 64-year-old man was hospitalized for massive bleeding from the cutaneous ureterostomy. He had undergone pelvic exenteration with the ureterostomy for rectal cancer invading the bladder five months previously and retrograde ureteric catheters were inserted bilaterally into the ureters. An aortography revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the abdominal aorta in the region transversed by the left ureter. He was successfully treated by en bloc resection of the aortoureteric fistula and the left ureter and repair of the aorta by Dacron patchplasty. Left nephrectomy was also performed because of pyelonephritis. He has had no signs of cancer recurrence or graft infection five years after this operation.

Aorta, Abdominal↗

PubMed1989

The biologic fate of Dacron double velour vascular prostheses--a clinicopathological study.

Thirty-one Dacron double velour prostheses removed from 16 patients were studied microscopically in order to elucidate the changes they underwent following implantation. The process of incorporation was divided into three phases. In the initial phase, immediately following the implantation, the prostheses became surrounded by a fibrin meshwork. In the organizing phase, which sets in 10 weeks after the implantation, there was an external fibrous capsular formation around the initially fibrin-infiltrated grafts. There was also fibroblastic ingrowth and granulation formation among the interstices and the prostheses showed firm adhesion to the surrounding tissues. One year following the implantation, after most of the luminal surfaces had been covered with collagen tissues, the cellular infiltration subsided and the graft passed into the stable phase. Foreign body giant cells and lymphocytes were seen throughout the study period. These prostheses were then compared with other prostheses which do not have velour structures. The nonvelour grafts showed less adhesion to the surrounding tissues. Microscopically, cellular reaction and collagenous ingrowth were also less. The velour surface thus seems to stimulate granulation ingrowth and to contribute to the firm adhesion of the graft to the surrounding tissues. This firm adhesion enhances resistance to infection and is considered safer in case of suture aneurysm formation.

Aorta↗

PubMed1989

Glycosaminoglycan-related epitopes surrounding different subsets of mammalian central neurons.

Among a panel of monoclonal antibodies generated against monkey brain tissue, a class of antibodies was found to produce perineuronal staining of small subsets of mammalian central neurons. Three antibodies (MAbs 473, 376, 528) we report here define two different, though partially overlapping, neuronal subsets in the monkey neocortex. All 3 antibodies stain in addition certain chondrocytes. The neural immunoreactivities were lost, and the chondral immunoreactivities either lost or enhanced, after treatment of the sections with chondroitinase ABC. Independently, 3 other antibodies (MAbs 1B5, 9A2, 3B3) with established specificity to glycosaminoglycan epitopes also produced perineuronal staining of a related subset of central neurons. Immunoblot experiments with two of the antibodies revealed bands of high molecular weight. These findings indicate that certain glycosaminoglycans occur surrounding mammalian central neurons, and suggest that different neuronal subsets are associated with different combinations of proteoglycan epitopes.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Effects of thiabendazole on the kidneys of ICR mice.

The effects of thiabendazole (TBZ) on the kidneys of male and female Crj:CD-1 (ICR) mice were investigated. The mice were given 0, 250 or 500 mg TBZ/kg body weight/day by gavage (using olive oil as a vehicle) for 1, 3, 5 or 7 days. The 24-hr urine volumes of treated mice were increased, significantly so in male mice given the high dose of TBZ. Protein was present in the urine of both control and treated mice throughout the experiment but electrophoresis of the protein showed the presence of a relatively high-molecular-weight protein in the urine of the treated mice. Levels of serum urea nitrogen were decreased in treated mice, but serum creatinine levels did not differ from those of controls. Relative kidney weights tended to be dose-dependently increased in comparison with the controls. Pathological examination showed that after one dose (at either level) the kidneys of males and females were swollen and white maculae were present. Microscopic examination revealed dilation of the proximal, distal and collecting tubules with flattening and degeneration of the tubular epithelium. Tubular dilation was severe in high-dose male mice. These histological changes paralleled the alterations in the 24-hr urine volume. These data suggested that the increased urine volume may be caused primarily by the prevention of reabsorption of water in the distal and collecting tubules. Electron microscopy revealed the flattening of foot processes of podocytes and oedematous changes in the mesangium of glomeruli in TBZ-treated mice. We conclude that TBZ given by gavage in olive oil affects the kidneys of ICR mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

A clinicopathologic study of aneurysm formation of glutaraldehyde-tanned human umbilical vein grafts.

To clarify the process of graft degeneration and aneurysm formation we reviewed the angiographic and pathologic findings of three cases where aneurysms developed in glutaraldehyde-tanned human umbilical vein grafts. Seven aneurysms were detected in these three grafts 4 years after implantation. Six aneurysms originated from the bodies of the grafts and one originated from the factory-created anastomosis required for fabrication. Wrinkling and segmentation of the dilated graft documented by arteriography corresponded to mural dissection of the graft wall. Large protrusions near the aneurysms were revealed to be the transmurally dissected graft walls. At the site of dissection, blood escaped through the surrounding mesh of the graft to form a preaneurysmal change. Two aneurysms developed without breakdown of the outer mesh. The aneurysm of factory-created sutures was caused by tearing of the graft wall. Degeneration of human umbilical vein grafts, which appears to ensue inevitably with the passage of time after implantation, leads to the tear of the graft wall and transmural dissection to form aneurysm. In our department, candidates for human umbilical vein graft implantation have recently been restricted to the patients whose life expectancy is limited to only a few years because of the risk of aneurysm formation.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Liver abnormalities and liver membrane autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The hepatic involvement of 57 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was studied with special reference to liver membrane autoantibody (LMA). Liver abnormalities were found predominantly in patients with active SLE (27/48 (56%) in active SLE v 3/20 (15%) in inactive SLE). They were, however, rather mild or moderate and tended to disappear as the disease activity of SLE decreased. In this respect the liver abnormalities observed in this study differed from those in patients with lupoid hepatitis. The incidence of LMA in active SLE (8/11 (73%] was significantly greater than that in inactive SLE (4/12 (33%)). The mean LMA index value in active SLE was 8.3, which was also greater than the 2.9 in inactive SLE. Furthermore, in active SLE the mean LMA titre was significantly higher in patients with liver abnormalities than in those without. These results suggest that LMA may be associated with the activity of SLE and may be one of the factors which cause transient liver abnormalities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Avascular necrosis of bone in systemic lupus erythematosus: possible role of haemostatic abnormalities.

The pathogenesis of avascular necrosis of bone (ANB) was investigated in 111 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (24 with ANB, 87 without ANB); patients' ages, corticosteroid treatment, clinical and laboratory features associated with SLE, and haemostatic profiles were all taken into account. The mean ages of patients with and without ANB at the time of diagnosis of SLE was 24.1 and 31.2 years respectively. The mean maximal daily dose of prednisolone in the group with ANB was 50.8 mg, which was significantly higher than the dose (41.8 mg) in the group without ANB. Disease features of SLE, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, hyperlipidaemia, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, and disease activity, were not found to be related to ANB. The percentage of patients who had lupus anticoagulant as well as a shorter activated partial thromboplastin time was greater in those with ANB than in those without. Multiple factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of ANB in SLE, and it is suggested that haemostatic abnormalities, which could be influenced by corticosteroids and young ages, play some part in the development of ANB.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Case report of a complete regression of para-aortic lymph node metastasis from bladder cancer by oral administration of UFT].

We report a case in which para-aortic lymphnode metastasis from bladder cancer regressed completely by administration of UFT. The patient was a 72-year-old male who had undergone a total cystectomy for bladder cancer. Since para-aortic node metastasis was recognized in abdominal CT 1 year after the operation, we treated this patient by oral administration of UFT at a dose of 600 mg per day, and the metastatic lesion regressed completely 2 months later. After the complete regression, UFT was administered for one year. At present, 6 months after the discontinuation of UFT, para-aortic lymphnode swelling is not observed. Although adverse effects such as pigmentation and nail degeneration was found, there was no abnormal finding in blood analysis and chemistry. It is suggested that UFT may be effectively used for bladder cancer.

Administration, Oral↗