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Y Swedberg

Publications and source records attributed to Y Swedberg.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Analysis of caries status development in relation to socio-economic variables using a case-based system.

The aim of this study was to detect, using case-based reasoning (CBR) induction methods in time series analysis, how measurable socio-economical adjustments were related to the caries status development. The study concerned the year classes leaving the organised dental care for the time period 1987-95, and had received dental care at the Public Dental Service of Göteborg. The results, as presented by a caries incidence index, indicated that at least one socioeconomical factor, individuals seeking employment, was of importance for the caries status development, a factor with an increase of considerable proportions since 1990. The findings indicated that the other socio-economic variables used did not have the same importance for the caries status development. One feasible explanation is that these factors reflect more upon the social family situation than the economical. If the caries status reflects the social situation of the individual more than the economical, this argument will elucidate the reasoning. Using CBR for the analysis of relationships between oral disease and parameters possibly influencing health development has proven to be a valuable tool and complement to more traditional statistical methods. The analysis can make relationships explicit through the hierarchic knowledge trees and also show redundant information, attributes not appearing in the trees.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A time-series analysis of caries status among adolescents in relation to socioeconomic variables in Göteborg, Sweden.

The aim of this study was to detect, using time-series analysis methods, whether measurable socioeconomic adjustments for the time period 1986-96, as presented by caries index values, could be related to a new trend in caries status development for specific age groups leaving the free state-organized dental care system. In the study, Göteborg was divided into four districts. The study showed a favorable development in dental health for the 15-19 age group. However, the caries incidence index DSa (decayed approximal surfaces) values showed no or only negligible signs of lower mean values. During the study period, the study showed an unfavorable trend concerning the socioeconomic variables related to health care. However, the incongruity for the different districts between the trend results of the caries index values and the contemporaneous socioeconomic variable development indicated few signs of relationship. In relation to general discussions of environmental questions, the idea of sustainable development was discussed when applied to the field of dental care. The results of this study indicate that dental health, in times of major economic adjustments and lack of resources for health care for the 15-19 age group in Göteborg--as interpreted by the caries indices used is an example of sustainable dental health development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

On the reporting of dental health, time for dental care, and the treatment panorama.

The thesis included five methodological studies and one caries epidemiological investigation, the general aim being to study how to measure and report dental health, time for dental care, treatment panorama, and dental care outcomes, within a Public Dental Service organization. The specific aims were to monitor dental clinic activities using a time study method, to apply time study results of a dental health-related patient group system for the 3-19 year age groups, and to compare time study results with corresponding results from computerized systems used for reporting dental care. Other specific aims were to compare longitudinal caries index data results between cohort and cross-sectional samples, to analyse caries index for extreme caries groups among adolescents leaving organized dental care, and--using time series methods--to analyse dental health development of the 15-19 year age groups. Results from the time studies portrayed the dental clinic as a working unit, showed that reported values can represent dental care only for intervention procedures, and indicated that clinic patterns were not adapted to the health situation of the patient groups. Longitudinal cohort attempts gave different values from those of the cross-sectional year classes, which should be the primary focus when presenting caries index mean values in dental health reviews. Caries-free groups from 15 to 19 years of age seem to be stable in their caries development in about 60%-80% of cases; while the 20% groups with the highest index values accounted for about 80% of all approximal lesions. In times of major economic adjustment, dental health for adolescents in Göteborg was an example of sustainable dental health development. A model system for monitoring, analysing, and reporting dental health and dental care outcomes within a dental care-giving organization calls for several conditions, for example, a dental health-related patient group system, and a rationale for the choice of dental team models. These areas could be gathered into a system where contemporary socio-economic factors and dental research results interact with performed dental care, and also with different methods for reporting and evaluating dental health, dental care costs, and the demand for dental care competence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

On longitudinal caries index data. A comparison study between cohort and cross-sectional attempts.

The aim of the present study was to compare registered data of caries prevalence and incidence from cross-sectional studies of specified age groups with the corresponding caries data from cohorts of individuals receiving dental health service from the same dental clinic during the years studied. The study covered two 15-19-year groups, who had been offered complete dental care from three years of age in the City of Göteborg for the time periods 1986/7-1990/1. When compared, the longitudinal cohort attempts often gave statistically significant different values to those of the cross-sectional year classes, which should be considered when presenting caries index mean values in dental health reviews. It is not indifferent to choose between longitudinal cohort and cross-sectional year class attempts when searching for dental health treatment effects. Due to the advantages of using longitudinal cohort study methods, and with regard to the differences of the study design used, as pointed out in the study, the use of longitudinal cohort patient material, extracted from cross-sectional epidemiological data bases, could favour analysis of the effects of different preventive dental care programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Caries extreme groups among adolescents, leaving organised dental care in Göteborg, Sweden.

The aim was--in a longitudinal respect--to study whether 15-year-old children, in caries-free groups, and groups with high frequency of carious lesions, had a stable caries development from 15 to 19 years of age, when they left the organised Public Dental Care. Caries index values were analysed for the period 1986/7-1990/1 for patients born 1971-72 and residing in Göteborg. The groups of caries-free children seemed to be stable in their dental health in about 60-70% according to the prevalence indices used; and about 80% according to the incidence index DS-a. The caries prevalence index mean values of the 15-year-old patient groups with high frequencies of lesions showed between 1.5 to 3.5 percentile units higher mean values when the individuals were 19 years of age. However, the corresponding caries incidence index values were as low as half the size, indicating a possible treatment effect of the caries prevention programme used. Related to the DFS-a index, the 20% groups with the highest caries index values were registered for about 80% of all approximal lesions, of special interest for dental care costs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Dental time study results in relation to a model for a dental health related patient group system.

Using a time study method, dental care treatment resources were studied concerning different caries groups of children and adolescents 3-19 years of age. The results were applied to a model for a dental health related patient group system as a tool for presenting the dental care situation. Quality assurance aspects of a dental health related patient group system, adapted for use in general dental care, had led to a suggested model system: "Dental Visiting Groups" (DVG). The DVG system takes into consideration the fact that dental care was performed by three dental care-giving personnel groups--dentists, dental hygienists and dental assistants--giving dental care in three main areas of dental procedures: diagnostic, prevention and intervention. The DVG system implied a model of Swedish dentistry in change, and presented the relationships among the dental health related patient groups, the three main areas of dental procedures, and the tasks of the dental care-givers. Applied over time, the DVG system illustrated the efficiency of the dental care model used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The use of time study results in a system model for presenting dental care outcome.

The documentation of dental care outcome and dental clinic efficiency is based on variables for the patient's dental health and on resources in time and costs concerning the dental treatment. The aim of this paper was to measure dental clinic activities using a time study method in relation to a model for a system for presenting dental care outcome, and the dental clinic's output and efficiency. For efficiency reporting of dental care related effects, the documentation should be based on rules for input costs related to dental clinic activities, based on valid country-wide criteria for work times of the dental personnel; dental care economics; and current epidemiological indices. Additional use of results from time studies made it possible to adapt the need of resources in dental care, and to obtain essential information concerning the choice of dental team models. For reporting, a dental health related patient group system, based on the patients' dental health and need of dental treatment, should be used. In the proposed model for a system for presenting dental care, knowledge of patients, and of what services the dental personnel can perform was used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A method for dental care activities time study using observer monitored counting of frequencies.

In dentistry, there is a need for better understanding of the distribution of the time spent on different activities at dental clinics. In order to investigate these resource aspects, both for the total time and for various categories of personnel and/or patients in dental clinics at the Public Dental Service (PD), Göteborg, Sweden, a time study method was used. The present study reports on the development of the PD's time study method (TSM) and analyses its functionality. The TSM, based on formulated criteria, used a method for an observer-monitored counting of frequencies. Specially trained observers registered the sampled observations for each professional, using a separate code list for each personnel group to which the professional belonged. The observer registered the on-going activity, not the duration of the procedure. Each observer followed several persons working in separated areas of the dental clinic. In 1989, the TSM was tested with the purpose of obtaining mean time values for dental care activities in the PD clinics performing general dental care. This study comprised all personnel categories in the clinic teams. Clinics were randomly selected and stratified according to the amount of dentistry for children in relation to the total time for dental care, reported as the parameter "dentist hours". Eight out of a total of 36 clinics were randomized, two from each strata.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dental Assistants↗
PubMed1993

The reporting of dental care. A comparison of time and activity related follow-up methods.

In 1989, a time study method was developed and tested by the Public Dental Service, Göteborg Sweden (PD). The purpose was to estimate the distribution of time used for different activities in the PD clinics supplying general dental care. Using the results from the test of the time study (TIA) the aim of the present study was to compare, evaluate and discuss the corresponding reported results from the administrative Electronic Data Processing (EDP) systems used for reporting dental care, and to analyze the parameters included as tools for reporting dental care procedures. This study has shown that values for diagnostic and preventive procedures were too high as reported, in relation to intervention procedures, whereas agreement was good with regard to the values in the intervention categories for dental procedures. The reported values from the EDP systems which are based on the codes in the Swedish dental insurance tariff, represent dental care in the intervention categories. However, one must take account of the verified divergences in reporting values concerning all three main areas of dental procedures. Correct time reporting for the main sectors of dental procedures--diagnostic, prevention and intervention sectors--will improve the validity of EDP systems for cost report.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The time employed for care of permanent teeth in children and adolescents.

Data were compiled from the records of dental care given to 199 patients from 6 to 19 years of age. The restorative treatment of permanent teeth, including the time for examinations, radiographs and final polishing, accounted for 74% of the total time employed for dental care. It was especially noted that the youths with a caries prevalence of 25 or more filled surfaces at 19 years of age, constituting 24% of the patients, accounted for 65% of the number of filled proximal surfaces and 45% of all filled surfaces, while 38% of the time needed for restorative dentistry and 40% of the time used for individual prophylaxis was associated with this group. This study emphasizes the importance of early identification of the children at high risk for caries so as to provide appropriate preventive therapy.

Adolescent↗