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Y Stern

Publications and source records attributed to Y Stern.

277 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Depression, intellectual impairment, and Parkinson disease.

To determine the prevalence of depression in Parkinson disease (PD) we evaluated 55 consecutive patients without dementia and 31 of their spouses. All subjects completed the Beck depression inventory and a quantitative mini-mental state examination. Using the Beck criteria, 47% of the patients and 12% of the spouses rated themselves as significantly depressed. Mental state scores were significantly lower in the patients. There was a correlation between the severity of depression and cognitive impairment, particularly for calculation, digit span, and visuomotor skills. The severity of parkinsonism, particularly bradykinesia, also paralleled cognition. There was a slight but significant relationship between parkinsonism and depression. These results confirm the high incidence of depression in PD, and suggest that depression in Parkinson patients may be accompanied by mild intellectual impairment and inattention which is independent of the severity of the illness.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Memory performance in healthy elderly without Alzheimer's disease: effects of time and apolipoprotein-E.

Transgenic mice expressing human APOE-epsilon4 develop an age-dependent decline in memory without pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This implicates APOE in the maintenance of memory during normal senescence, but parallel human studies are limited because longitudinal investigations of memory usually do not exclude patients with AD or "questionable" AD (QD). The current study examined the effect of APOE on cognitive function over time in elderly without dementia. We hypothesized that, compared to other APOE alleles memory decline even in healthy elderly would be greater among those with an APOE-epsilon4. The results of neuropsychological tests, grouped into domains of memory, language and visuospatial/cognitive function by factor analysis, were examined at three intervals over a seven-year period in 563 healthy elderly without AD or QD using generalized estimating equations. Memory performance declined over time, while scores on the visuospatial/cognitive and language factors did not change. Increased age was associated with lower scores, and higher education with higher scores on all factors at each interval. No APOE allele was associated with performance on a specific cognitive factor at any interval, but the presence of an APOE-epsilon4 allele was associated with a more rapid decline in the memory factor over the follow-up period. The effect was most pronounced among individuals with less than 10 years of formal education. There was no similar time-dependent relationship between APOE-epsilon4 and the language or visuospatial/cognitive factors. Transgenic mice and elderly humans without AD or QD expressing APOE-epsilon4 show a decline in memory performance over time. These observations provide evidence for an APOE-specific effect on memory during senescence.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary neurilemoma of the thyroid gland: a case report.

Primary nonepithelial tumors of the thyroid gland are rare. We present the case of a neurilemoma of the right lobe of the thyroid gland in a 20-year-old female patient. The tumor was asymptomatic and measured 2.5 x 1.2 cm in size. Histologic examination was consistent with an Antoni A-type neurilemoma. The tumor was excised without difficulty. Only 12 other cases of neurilemomas of the thyroid gland have been reported in the literature. We discuss the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of this rare tumor.

Adult↗
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The cognitive syndrome of vascular dementia: implications for clinical trials.

Dementia is common among patients with cerebrovascular disease, particularly in a setting of one or more clinically evident strokes. Prior cohort and case studies have suggested that the cognitive syndrome of vascular dementia is characterized by predominant executive dysfunction, in contrast to the deficits in memory and language function that are typical of patients with Alzheimer disease. The course of cognitive decline may also differ between those dementia subtypes, with many, but not all, patients with vascular dementia exhibiting a stepwise course of decline caused by recurrent stroke and most patients with Alzheimer disease exhibiting a gradually progressive course of decline. The findings of prior studies of the cognitive syndrome of vascular dementia must be interpreted with caution, however, because of (1) possible inaccuracies in the determination of the dementia subtype and the loss of precision that might result from pooling heterogeneous subgroups of patients with vascular dementia, (2) difficulties inherent in identifying a pattern of strengths and weaknesses in patients who are required to have memory impairment and other deficits to meet operationalized criteria for dementia, and (3) the use of limited test batteries whose psychometric properties are incompletely understood. Specific questions that should be addressed by future studies are discussed.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗