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Biomedical subjects

Y Soma

Publications and source records attributed to Y Soma.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Cases of advanced cholangiocarcinoma showing partial response by the combination chemotherapy including protracted continuous infusion of 5-FU combined with intravenous administration of low-dose leucovorin and intra-arterial administration of MMC and CQ].

We treated a patient with advanced cholangiocarcinoma with a new combination chemotherapy (modified MQF). The regimen consisted of intra-arterial administration of MMC (20 mg/body) and CQ (4 mg/body), protracted continuous infusion of 5-FU (500 mg/body) and intravenous administration of low-dose leucovorin (30 mg/body). More than 50% reduction in the liver tumor for over 4 weeks was obtained by the therapy. As for toxicity, diarrhea and stomatitis were observed.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1991

[Fecal occult blood test and mass screening for colorectal cancer].

It has become promising to establish a method for mass screening of colorectal cancer through the development of immunological fecal occult blood test. It has been shown that such tests have higher specificity and sensitivity compared to conventional chemical tests not only in cancer subjects and normal controls but in population screening trials. Further study is required to decide the optimal system within the framework of the screening such as the number of specimens, target age, and screening interval, etc. The efficacy of fecal occult blood screening remains to be shown in spite of the several randomized controlled trials completed or on-going. However, a case control study has strongly suggested that such screening would reduce the mortality from colorectal cancer.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Intraluminal esophageal diverticulum.

An intraluminal esophageal diverticulum (IED) is an uncommon entity defined as a double-layered mucosal pouch lying within the lumen of the esophagus. Its characteristic radiological finding is an intraluminal barium collection surrounded by a radiolucent halo. True IED, which is different from a transient radiological artifact, has not been previously reported in the international literature. This article describes the first case of true IED. Differential diagnosis between a true lesion and a transient flow artifact on barium meal is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Longitudinal study of patients with anticentromere antibody.

As has previously been reported by many investigators, the anticentromere antibody is considered to be a useful serologic marker for the CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal involvement, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia) variant of systemic sclerosis. However, this antibody also appears in other conditions. By screening antinuclear antibody tests using HEp-2 cells as substrate, 39 patients were shown to have the anticentromere antibody. These patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 = 17 patients with systemic sclerosis; group 2 = 9 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon alone; group 3 = 7 patients with other connective-tissue diseases, and group 4 = 6 patients with conditions other than those present in groups 1-3. Follow-up over years revealed that some patients suffering solely from Raynaud's phenomenon (group 2) developed the symptoms of systemic sclerosis. In contrast, of the patients who did not have Raynaud's phenomenon (group 4), none developed any symptom suggesting systemic sclerosis. We suggest that the simultaneous presence of Raynaud's phenomenon and the anticentromere antibody predicts the occurrence of systemic sclerosis. In contrast, the presence of the anticentromere antibody alone cannot necessarily be used to predict the development of systemic sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinical significance of antinuclear antibodies in Japanese patients with systemic sclerosis.

Clinical significance of specific antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in Japanese patients with systemic sclerosis was studied. The patients with systemic sclerosis were classified into four groups according to ANA: (1) anticentromere antibody-positive; (2) anti-Scl-70 antibody-positive; (3) anti-nRNP antibody-positive, and (4) others. The mean score (the number of positive signs in six selected specific signs) of the patients with anti-Scl-70 antibody was significantly higher than those of the other three groups. More frequent contracture of phalanges in the patients with anti-Scl-70 antibody, less diffuse pigmentation in the patients with anti-nRNP antibody, and less pulmonary fibrosis in the patients with anticentromere antibody were revealed. As shown above, the detection of specific ANA in systemic sclerosis is clinically important.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Surgical treatment of arch-type dissecting aortic aneurysms.

We have proposed calling dissecting aortic aneurysm with entry of the dissection in the aortic arch "arch-type". We described the procedures and results of surgery for 12 cases of this disorder. The dissection was localized (type a) in six cases, and extended (type b) in the other six. Seven cases were treated by patch or direct closure of the entry, with one operative death and two later deaths. Five cases were treated by reconstruction of the ascending aorta and the aortic arch with a prosthetic graft, with two operative deaths and one later death. Efforts must be directed towards improving the outcome of the latter operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Systemic lupus erythematosus associated with antiribosomal P protein antibody.

Three patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had positive antiribosomal P protein antibodies. The patients are women who had mild diseases that did not involve prominent internal organs. By using an immunofluorescence method for the detection fo antinuclear antibodies that employs HEp-2 cells, these serum samples produced intense stainings on cytoplasm and nucleoli that were digested with RNase. With the use of an immunoblotting technique, these serum samples recognized three ribosomal P proteins, called PO (38 kd), P1 (19 kd), and P2 (17 kd). We suggest that antiribosomal P protein antibodies can be detected in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and associated mild clinical features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

EGF and TGF-alpha are potent chemoattractants for endothelial cells and EGF-like peptides are present at sites of tissue regeneration.

We report here that epidermal growth factor (EGF) isolated from male mouse salivary glands is active as a potent chemoattractant for a rat heart vascular endothelial cell line (RHEC). Human EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) produced in Escherichia coli are also active as chemoattractants for these cells. The chemotactic response of the cells is induced by concentrations of murine EGF that ranged from 0.01 to 1.0 nM with similar specific activities for both the human EGF and TGF-alpha. Other growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), TGF-beta, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, or IGF were not active as chemoattractants for these cells. The chemotactic response exhibited similar kinetics to those reported for connective tissue cells responding to PDGF (2-6 h) and required both RNA and protein synthesis. However, in contrast to NIH/3T3 cells responding to PDGF, the proliferating cultures of RHEC respond as well as growth-arrested cultures in the chemotaxis assay. In in vivo studies of connective tissue regeneration it appears that EGF-like factors are present in wound fluid collected from rats. Acid extracts of wound fluid contained a RHEC chemotactic activity that was neutralized with anti-EGF antisera. These studies indicate that EGF-like factors may function in vivo to control in part the angiogenic events that occur during tissue repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

TGF-beta stimulates primary human skin fibroblast DNA synthesis via an autocrine production of PDGF-related peptides.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) stimulates DNA synthesis in human foreskin fibroblasts after a prolonged lag period as compared with other growth factors. The mechanism of induction of DNA synthesis appears to be dependent on the synthesis and secretion of PDGF-related proteins as antibodies which are specific for PDGF can block the TGF-beta-induced DNA synthesis. Other growth factors such as PDGF, EGF, or FGF do not induce the synthesis of these PDGF-related proteins. Additionally, TGF-beta treatment of human foreskin fibroblasts induces the expression of the PDGF A-chain gene but not the B-chain gene. This phenomenon appears to function in vivo, as subcutaneous injection of TGF-beta in rat skin induces the expression of the PDGF A-chain gene. These data suggest that TGF-beta may stimulate the growth of fibroblastic cells via an autocrine production of PDGF-related proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Mitogenic activities for skin fibroblasts in the sera from untreated scleroderma patients at the early stage.

Mitogenic activities for adult skin fibroblasts in 17 sera from untreated patients with scleroderma at the early stage were studied. Mitogenic activities in 10% test sera were measured by the [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay using confluent fibroblasts; there was no significant difference between scleroderma-affected and normal controls. Growth-stimulatory activities for subconfluent fibroblasts in 10% test sera were measured by increased cell numbers; again, there was no significant difference between scleroderma-affected and normal controls. There have been contradictory reports on growth-stimulatory activities in scleroderma sera; our data do not suggest the presence of a specific mitogen in scleroderma sera.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Lexical agraphia in the Japanese language. Pure agraphia for Kanji due to left posteroinferior temporal lesions.

A new syndrome of 'pure agraphia for Kanji' is described in 3 Japanese subjects with lesions in the left posteroinferior temporal region. Kanji (ideogram or morphogram) can be compared with orthographically irregular or ambiguous words in some European languages, since it is impossible to write Kanji characters unless each one of them is learned and memorized. In contrast, Kana (phonogram or syllabogram) words are comparable with orthographically regular words or nonsense words, because the Kana writing system depends on strict phonological rules (almost one-to-one correspondence between syllable and syllabogram). We conclude that 'lexical agraphia' reported in European languages can also be observed in the Japanese language where it is expressed as 'pure agraphia for Kanji'. 'Lexical agraphia' is a useful concept with general application regardless of language system.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Clinical distribution of anticentromere antibody in Japanese patients.

Serum samples from 401 subjects were screened for the presence of anticentromere antibody using HEp-2 cells as the substrate for an indirect immunofluorescence method. Anticentromere antibody was found in 16 cases; 8 out of 62 patients with systemic sclerosis, 3 out of 7 patients with primary Raynaud's disease, 2 out of 41 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 1 out of 54 asymptomatic relatives of systemic sclerosis and 2 out of 50 patients with miscellaneous diseases. In systemic sclerosis, the patients with anticentromere antibody were limited in CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal involvement, sclerodactylia and telangiectasia) variant. As reported previously by many investigators, anticentromere antibody is considered as a useful immunologic marker for CREST variant of systemic sclerosis, although this antibody is widely distributed in other conditions with less frequency.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

Atypical scleroderma associated with multiple myeloma.

A case of atypical scleroderma associated with multiple myeloma is reported. The patient was a 50-year-old male; morphea-like plaques with brownish pigmentation were scattered on the whole body and sclerodactylia-like changes, contracture of fingers and polymyositis were observed. Histological findings in the sclerotic lesions were consistent with scleroderma. One year later, M-protein (IgG, kappa-chain) appeared in the serum and 3 years from the onset, the patient was diagnosed as multiple myeloma by bone marrow examination. It is speculated that abnormal immunological reactions related to multiple myeloma caused scleroderma-like lesions.

Collagen↗
PubMed1989

Chemical reactions of organic compounds on clay surfaces.

Chemical reactions of organic compounds including pesticides at the interlayer and exterior surfaces of clay minerals and with soil organic matter are reviewed. Representative reactions under moderate conditions possibly occurring in natural soils are described. Attempts have been made to clarify the importance of the chemical nature of molecules, their structures and their functional groups, and the Brönsted or Lewis acidity of clay minerals.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1989

Two cases of postoperative erythroderma.

Postoperative erythroderma is a rare disease of which the clinical course is almost always fatal. It is characterized by fever, skin rash, hepatic dysfunction and leukopenia, and many of the cases occur after cardiovascular surgery. We have experienced two cases of this disease which are suspected to be related to a large amount of blood transfusion. In the second case, we observed genetical mismatch of the HLA typing between the patient and his family members. This observation strongly suggests the possibility that postoperative erythroderma is a form of graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction induced by transfused lymphocytes. The reason why the patient's immunity is so suppressed as to cause GVH reaction is still unknown. Cardiopulmonary bypass and a large amount of fresh blood transfusion are suspected for immune suppression. The fact that postoperative erythroderma occurs almost exclusively in the Japanese cannot be fairly explained, either. Racial homogeneity in Japan might cause immune tolerance in blood transfusion.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Indication for coronary revascularization in aortic surgery].

UNLABELLED: In order to know how to treat the coronary artery disease in scheduled aortic surgery for aortic aneurysms, a prospective study started about ten years ago using routine coronary angiography (CAG). Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA): CAG was performed in 73 among 143 patients and 18 had significant coronary artery stenoses (CAD), 3 of whom had angina. Concomitant CABG was performed in 2 of 4 patients requiring coronary revascularization (CR) to prevent intraoperative myocardial ischemia. Complications due to CAD were experienced in the 2 patients without CR despite of angina, while patients without angina or with CR had no complication. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA): Seventy six among 150 patients had CAG, and CAD was found in 38. CR was indicated to 5 of 7 patients with angina. Complications occurred in 2 patients who had not CR in spite of angina. Patients without angina had no complication. CONCLUSION: 1) Patients who had angina are at high risk for complications due to CAD. 2) Patients with angina and necessity of cardiac arrest during aneurysmectomy should have coronary revascularization prior to aneurysmectomy. 3) Patients without angina are at low risk for myocardial ischemia in the perioperative period of aortic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Hemodynamic sequelae following valve replacement in patients with aortic regurgitation].

Serial echocardiographic analyses of the left ventricle (LV) were performed in 61 patients with aortic regurgitation before, one-six months, and six years after aortic valve replacement (AVR). There was no significant difference in the preoperative hemodynamic and echocardiographic data between 54 survivors and six deceased patients. There was a linear correlation (r = 0.69) between LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) by cineangiography and LV end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) by echocardiography. In patients with LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP) less than 12 mmHg, the LV was markedly dilated before surgery, and LVDd was not normalized until half a year after surgery in half the cases. In 20 patients with LVEDP greater than 12 mmHg, LVDd was normalized in 17 patients up to half a year after surgery. In 11 patients with LV end-systolic dimension (LVDs) greater than 5.2 cm, LVDs was not normalized until six years post surgery in three patients. LVDd was improved six years after surgery in patients with LVDs less than 5.2 cm. Echocardiographically-determined LVDs less than 5.2 cm is recommended for preservation of LV function following aortic valve replacement.

Adult↗