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Biomedical subjects

Y Shinagawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Shinagawa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of total gastrectomy on remnant islet cell function after major pancreatectomy in rats.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of total gastrectomy on remnant islet cell function after 85% distal pancreatectomy in rats. Eight-week-old Wistar male rats were divided into the following three groups: group 1, laparotomy; group 2, distal pancreatectomy; and group 3, distal pancreatectomy with total gastrectomy. Four weeks after the operation, i.v. glucose tolerance tests (ivGTT) were performed. The body weight in group 3 rats 4 weeks after the operation was significantly lower than that of the other two groups (p less than 0.05). Glucose tolerance was impaired in both groups 2 and 3; group 3 was more impaired than group 2. Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentration in both groups 2 and 3 was much lower than that in group 1 throughout the ivGTT. Furthermore, IRI concentration in group 3 was lower than group 2 at all times. The integrated secretion of insulin for the 45 minutes after glucose injection was lower in group 3 than in group 2. It is concluded that total gastrectomy injures remnant pancreatic endocrine function after 85% distal pancreatectomy in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Solitary pancreatic metastasis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma treated by distal pancreatectomy.

A tumor in the body of the pancreas was detected in a 31-year-old man who had undergone a resection of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the left distal femur 2 years before. The patient underwent a distal pancreatectomy with regional lymph node dissection. The surgical specimen revealed MFH metastatic to the pancreas. He is alive without recurrence or metastasis at 1 year after pancreatectomy. This case seems to be the first report of successfully resected pancreatic metastasis of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the published literature, as far as we can determine.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Molecular orbital studies on the structure-activity relationships of catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors.

Quantum chemical studies were applied to analyze the activities of catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors. Molecular orbital calculations of inhibitor molecules were made by semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations, CNDO/2 (complete neglect of differential overlap) methods. Regression analysis among theoretical reaction indices based on the frontier electron theory and COMT inhibitory activities were carried out. The COMT inhibitory actions of two series of inhibitors, a series of 1,5-substituted 3,4-dihydroxy benzenes and a series of substituted 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzenes, were investigated. The resulting regression equations contain two common reaction indices as regression variables: the electron density on the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group and the super-delocalizability on the 5th carbon atom of the benzene ring. These two atomic positions are considered to play an important role in the interaction of these inhibitors with COMT. The hydroxyl of atomic position 3 is probably indispensable to the COMT inhibitory action by these inhibitors.

Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical epidemiology of bronchial asthma in children report. No. III. Comparison of prevalence of asthma with 1982 and 1990 and environmental factors].

UNLABELLED: In 1982, our group carried out a survey by the questionnaires and on the site medical check-ups to observe and occurrence of asthma and other allergic symptoms in elementary and junior high school children in Izu Ohshima island. Same procedure was repeated in 1990 for 1145 children of the same age group to see any data fluctuation. The occurrence of allergic symptoms with relation to living conditions was also researched. RESULT: 114 students (11.0%) had either suffered from asthma in the past, or were still currently exhibiting symptoms, this marked a 7.5% rise (108 students) over the 1982 research data. However, patients in need of current treatment numbered 48 (4.5%), which was similar to the 1982 data of 82 (4.3%). For other allergic symptoms, rhinitis showed a marked increase over the 1982 data. The relation between living conditions and asthma was analyzed by Multiple Factor Analysis Quantification Theory. RESULT: 1) Family history of allergy, 2) Selection of food products upon starting solids during infancy, 3) Infection of lower bronchus during infancy all seemed to have had much influence on the occurrence of asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between the production of murine cytomegalovirus and interferon in macrophages.

Macrophages (M phi) harvested from the peritoneal cavities of mice after thioglycollate stimulation could be infected with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), although the efficiency of infection was low. Sequential measurements of interferon (IFN) production by virus-infected M phi were performed in an attempt to explain the characteristics of MCMV infection in the cell cultures. Infected M phi produced moderate amounts of IFN, which was completely neutralized by anti-IFN-alpha/beta serum. The IFN was detectable in cultures as early as 8 h after infection and was produced only by exposing M phi to infectious virus. Production increased until 48 to 72 h and preceded virus production, which was initially detected 72 h after infection. Treatment of the M phi cultures with anti-IFN-alpha/beta resulted not only in a marked increase in virus production, as well as a shortening of the long eclipse period of MCMV infection, but also induced increases in the number of M phi releasing MCMV (VR-M phi). Thus, the IFN produced in MCMV-infected M phi (MCMV-M phi IFN) appeared to suppress the production and spread of MCMV. The increase in the number of VR-M phi observed was more resistant to anti-IFN-alpha/beta treatment than the production of infectious virus. The antiviral effect of MCMV-M phi IFN on MCMV infection in mouse embryo fibroblasts was similar to that induced by IFN-alpha/beta. Therefore, MCMV-M phi IFN appeared to be more active in protecting against the spread of cell-free MCMV than of cell-associated virus. These differences in sensitivity to IFN action suggest that M phi may have a role in the latency of MCMV and that their production of IFN may facilitate the generation of latent infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A case of ulcerative colitis relapsing at the defunctionalized colon after subtotal colectomy].

A 25-year-old female with left sided ulcerative colitis underwent subtotal colectomy, and colo-anal anastomosis with diverting ileostomy by combined abdomino-sacral approach on February 14, 1985. Immediately after the operation, bleeding from the anus occurred, and one month after the operation, endoscopic examination revealed the relapse of the ulcerative colitis in the remaining colon. It was recognized, that relapse had occurred postoperatively at the nonfunctioning colon, which had been free from the disease so long as eight years since the onset of the disease. Then the relapsed colon was removed, and ileoanal anastomosis with diverting ileostomy was performed, again by combined abdomino-sacral approach. The sacral approach offered an excellent operative field and ensured the anastomosis between the small intestine and the anus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The rate of degradation of myofibrillar proteins of skeletal muscle in broiler and layer chickens estimated by N tau-methylhistidine in excreta.

After N tau-methylhistidine (N tau-MH) distribution among the various organs or the tissues was determined in male broiler chickens of 15 d of age, the rates of degradation of myofibrillar proteins in male layer and broiler chickens at different stages of growth were determined by means of N tau-MH. About 75 and 8% of the total N tau-MH in the tissues occurred respectively in skeletal muscle and stomach, and most of the remainder in the intestine and the skin. The rates of degradation of myofibrillar proteins in the male layer and broiler chickens of 21, 42 and 63 d of age were calculated to be 6.1, 4.5 and 2.4%/d (layer) and 5.0, 2.8 and 0.9%/d (broiler) respectively. These calculations involve the assumption that 80% of the total excreted N tau-MH was derived from skeletal muscle. The results strongly indicate that the rapid growth of the broiler chicken is facilitated by the reduced rate of protein degradation.

Animals↗