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Biomedical subjects

Y Shimizu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Shimizu.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

A new quantitative method for rabies virus by detection of nucleoprotein in virion using ELISA.

We have developed a new quantitative method for rabies virus (RV) detection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The method named N-ELISA was based on the quantitation of nucleoprotein (N) in RV virions captured by RV-specific polyclonal antibodies on an ELISA plate. Both infective and defective interfering (DI) particles of RV could be detected by this method. When viruses were propagated in a medium of pH 7.4 adjusted with 7% NaHCO3, N-ELISA could detect them with titers of more than 10(6) pfu/ml, though the result did not correlate highly with that of the infectivity assay. The reason for this was considered to be that RVs included spikeless and damaged particles which were produced under conditions of low or high pH. However, in the time course of virus yield, titers of N-ELISA correlated well with those of the infectivity assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Lack of inhibitory effects of the Ju-myo protein on development of glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci in the male F344 rat liver.

The effects of the 77 kDa Ju-myo protein, isolated from Drosophila melanogaster, on the development of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive foci in the male F344 rat liver were evaluated using a medium-term bioassay system. No modifying potential was evident in terms of the numbers or areas of GST-P positive foci. Ju-myo protein did not exert any influence on cell proliferation, as reflected by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) or spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SAT) activity and BrdU labeling. These results demonstrated that Ju-myo protein is unlikely to have inhibitory or promoting effects on rat liver carcinogenesis.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1999

[In vitro activities of 23 antimicrobial agents against 4,993 gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from multicenter of Japan during 1994--in vitro susceptibility surveillance.Levofloxacin-Surveillance Group].

In a surveillance study conducted during 1994 at 24 medical institutes from different geographical areas of Japan, the susceptibility of clinical isolates to twenty three comparative agents, such as ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin, ampicillin, clavulanic acid/amoxicillin, oxacillin, piperacillin, cefaclor, cefotiam, cefdinir, cefclidin, ceftazidime, cefpirome, imipenem, aztreonam, vancomycin, minocycline, chloramphenicol, clarithromycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, amikacin, and gentamicin, were tested by the standard broth micro-dilution method. A total of 4,993 isolates tested in this study included Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), coagllase negative streptococci (CNS), Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterobactericeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with urinary tract infections or respiratory tract infections, and Haemophilus influenzae. For MSSA, S. pneumoniae, Enterobacteriaceae, and H. influenzae, more than 70% of the isolates was susceptible to fluoloquinolones. However, resistance occurred in more than 50% of MRSA and P. aeruginosa isolated from UTI. Fluoroquinolones were found to be effective against high level penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, the third generation cephem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[A case of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome showing a neurological deterioration and infarct development over a month].

A 67-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a sudden onset of gait disturbance and behavioral abnormalities. On the admission, he had a moderate consciousness disturbance and right hemiparesis with left internal carotid artery occlusion. Eight days after the stroke, the patient further developed left hemiparesis in association with right internal carotid artery occlusion. Despite anticoagulation therapy and plasma volume loading, neurological symptoms deteriorated over a month, during which CT scan demonstrated a progressive expansion of infarct size. Laboratory tests revealed the presence of lupus anticoagulant. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome may be associated with a progression of ischemic stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Susceptibilities of Enterococcus faecium, PRSP and MRSA to RP59500 and their correlations with those to other drugs].

Investigations on emergence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) which has recently been attracting attention, especially in the Western countries, have been conducted in Japan. A total of 1,239 isolates of E. faecium were collected from 19 institutions during the period of April 1995 and June 1996, in the purpose of evaluating susceptibilities to variety of antimicrobial agents, including RP59500 and vancomycin (VCM), and detecting vancomycin-resistant genes (van genes). Susceptibilities of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were also studied. As a result, 2 isolates of E. faecium were found to be moderately resistant to VCM showing MIC of 8 micrograms/ml though the final identification in species level and the detection of van genes by PCR method have not been completed. On the other hand there detected no MRSA nor PRSP showing moderately resistant or resistant to VCM. It was concluded that RP59500 and VCM possessed favorable activity against clinically isolated E. faecium, PRSP and MRSA. Among other species of enterococci, moderately resistant strains to VCM showing MIC of 8 micrograms/ml were detected; 10 isolates of E. gallinarum, 4 of E. casseliflavus and 2 of E. flavescens. In those isolates, vanC1 and vanC2 were detected by PCR, and vanB was also detected in a isolates of E. gallinarum simultaneously.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[Two cases of urinary retention secondary to aseptic meningitis].

We report two rare cases of urinary retention secondary to aseptic meningitis. Case I was in a 13-year-old boy admitted to the pediatric department due to aseptic meningitis. Eight days after his admission, urinary retention developed and cystometry showed atonic bladder. Case 2 was in a 18-year-old woman consulted the urological department with a chief complaint of urinary retention accompanied with high fever, headache and vomiting. The spinal fluid examination and cystometry revealed aseptic meningitis and atonic bladder, respectively. In both cases, the patients were treated with conservative therapy and bladder dysfunction was resolved after a few weeks. Eleven cases of urinary retention secondary to aseptic meningitis have been reported in the previous literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Combined treatment with CDDP and radiation effective against neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report].

A case of neuroendocrine carcinoma (small cell carcinoma) of the urinary bladder is presented. A 76-year-old man complaining of dysuria visited our clinic on October 31, 1997. On physical examination, a huge mass was palpable in the lower abdomen. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a huge mass, 6.7 x 6.0 cm in size, with extravesical extension in the anterior wall of the urinary bladder and no metastatic lesions. Percutaneous biopsy of the tumor revealed undifferentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The value of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) was 220 ng/ml (normal range: 0-10 ng/ml). Twenty days after the first CT scan, the tumor had grown to be 12.5 x 11.0 cm in size. He was treated with combination therapy of systemic cisplatin and external pelvic radiation and then achieved complete remission on CT scan and biopsy. The value of serum NSE was normalized. Four months later, abdominal CT scan revealed a huge metastastic lesion in the paraaortic and parahepatic regions, but, no local recurrence in the bladder. The value of serum NSE was 240 ng/ml. He was treated with 4 cycles of systemic combination therapy of cisplatin and etoposide. He achieved partial remission (regression rate: 77%) on CT scan after completion of the first 2 cycles, but the tumor showed rapid re-growth and he died of cancer 1 month later despite another 2 cycles. These combination therapies were effective against neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder, although, the duration of the effect was short.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Studies of the mortality of atomic bomb survivors. Report 12, part II. Noncancer mortality: 1950-1990.

This report updates the data on noncancer mortality for 86,572 atomic bomb survivors with dose estimates in the Radiation Effects Research Foundation's Life Span Study cohort. The primary analyses are based on more than 27,000 noncancer disease deaths that occurred in the cohort between October 1, 1950, and December 31, 1990, 30% more than in the previous report. The present analyses strengthen earlier findings of a statistically significant increase in noncancer disease death rates with radiation dose. Increasing trends are observed for diseases of the circulatory, digestive and respiratory systems. Rates for those exposed to 1 Sv are elevated about 10%, a relative increase that is considerably smaller than that for cancer. However, estimates of the number of radiation-related noncancer deaths in the cohort to date (140 to 280) are 50 to 100% of the number for solid cancer. The data do not yet clarify the shape of the dose response. There is no significant evidence against linearity, but the data are statistically consistent with curvilinear dose-response functions that posit essentially zero risk for doses below 0.5 Sv. Similarly, while the data are consistent with substantial variation in the excess relative risk with age at exposure or attained age, there is no statistically significant dependence on these factors. In view of the small relative risks and the lack of understanding of biological mechanisms, we emphasize consideration of whether the findings could be explained by misclassification, confounding or selection effects. Based on available data, we conclude that such factors are unlikely to fully explain the observed dose response. A significant dose response is also seen for deaths from blood diseases with an excess relative risk that is several times greater than that seen for solid cancer. Particular attention is paid to the possibility that this apparent effect is a consequence of the attribution of leukemia or other cancer deaths to noncancer blood diseases. We find that misclassification does not explain this excess risk. As in earlier reports, suicide rates tend to decrease with increasing dose.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1999

[Lung cancer with chylothorax successfully treated by chemical pleurodesis with OK-432].

A 66-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of bloody sputum. Chest computed tomographic scans disclosed a right hilar tumor. A tumor in the right upper-lobe bronchus was detected by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Microscopic examination disclosed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was treated with irradiation and combination chemotherapy. Thereafter, right chylous pleural effusion developed and continued to accumulate. Pleurodesis was induced by the intrathoracic injection of OK-432 at 15 KE per dose. Lung cancer with nontraumatic chylothorax is rare. In our patient, pleurodesis with OK-432 was an effective treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Chemotherapy with consecutive low-dose CDDP combined with 5-FU for gynecologic malignancies].

CDDP is generally given in a bolus fashion because it has been considered to act in a dose-dependent manner. However, early studies demonstrated anti-tumor activity of CDDP was both dose- and time-dependent. This indicated that the anti-tumor effect of CDDP dependent on the area under the concentration of filterable platinum-time curve (AUC) obtained following an administration of the agent, but not on the maximum concentration (C max) of the agent. To increase the AUC and treatment compliance, we designed a consecutive low-dose CDDP dosing method (10 mg/m2, days 1-7). This method was found to be accompanied by a good treatment compliance and high dose intensity due to significantly reduced toxic effects when CDDP was combined with several other agents. 5-FU alone has been reported to be effective in approximately 20-25% of gynecologic malignancies. Moreover, CDDP can augment the cytotoxic activity of 5-FU through biochemical modulation. Accordingly, combination treatment with consecutive low-dose CDDP with 5-FU could be designed. The present report reviews the efficacy of this combination chemotherapy for cervical carcinoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

[Troublesome factors in mitral valve repair for mitral valve regurgitation].

Limitations in the long-term results of medical treatment for mitral regurgitation are well recognized, but the advances in its surgical repair have produced good results. Therefore, early surgical intervention has been the focus of treatment in Europe and America. Increased surgical intervention depends on the development of technical skills in mitral reconstruction. This study investigated presurgical factors making surgical reconstruction difficult in 103 patients who underwent mitral operations performed from April 1994 to September 1997 in our hospital. Records were reviewed retrospectively for etiology, type of operation, and the immediate result of operation. The etiology of mitral regurgitation was prolapse in 65 patients (63%), restriction in 14, normal in 11, infectious endocarditis in 10, and others in 3. The type of prolapse involved the anterior leaflet in 22 patients (34%), posterior in 28 (43%), and both leaflets in 15 (23%). Valve repair was attempted in 74 patients, of which 16 were switched to valve replacement during operation. These included anterior leaflet prolapse in 9 patients, posterior leaflet in 1, both leaflets in 3, restriction in 2 and infectious endocarditis in 1. The success rate for reconstruction of anterior leaflet prolapse was not high. The cause of mitral regurgitation was mostly prolapse of the mitral valve, in our country as well as in Europe and America. Prolapsed posterior leaflet is much more common in Europe and America, and there is a high success rate reported for its valve reconstruction. In contrast, this study cannot recommend earlier surgical intervention because of difficult repair for anterior leaflet prolapse.

Female↗
PubMed1999

[A peculiar MRI findings in a case with slowly progressive cerebral ischemia caused by internal carotid artery stenosis possibly due to fibromuscular dysplasia].

A 47-year-old man developed progressive muscular weakness in the left arm. MR images revealed low intensity signal lesions with ring enhancement by Gd-DTPA in right fronto-parietal lobes. At that time cerebral angiography was not performed because he refused. A tuberculin skin test showed strongly positive reaction and then administration of anti-tuberculous drugs was started. His symptom had remained stable for one year, but left facial palsy and dysarthria added about two years later. MR images revealed expansion of the lesions in right parietal lobe, adding cortical high intensity signal lesions with Gd-DTPA enhancement on T1-weighted images. Angiography disclosed tubular stenosis of right internal carotid artery at the portion of cervical to petrous segment and the local stenosis at right renal artery. These lesions were considered to be caused by fibromuscular dysplasia, but not atherosclerosis, because we could not find any atherosclerotic lesions in other arteries including right carotid bifurcation. His manifesting symptoms were ascribed to slowly progressive cerebral ischemia. And peculiar MRI findings in his early stage resembled those of inflammatory granulomatous diseases.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗