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Biomedical subjects

Y Shimamoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Shimamoto.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Hairy cell leukemia expressing SIgM+, SIgG-, CD11b+ and CD21+ and accompanying lymphadenopathy without splenomegaly].

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) expressing both surface monocytoid antigen and IgM (kappa) was reported. A 62-year-old male was admitted to our hospital in September 21, 1989 because of leukocytosis. Physical examinations showed axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy but no hepato-splenomegaly. The leukocyte count was 12,600/microliters with 73% of abnormal cells like large lymphocytes which had abundant cytoplasm and hairy appearance under phase microscopy. They had ruffles with microvilli under electron microscope. Bone marrow puncture showed normocellular marrow with 71.2% of abnormal cells similar to the peripheral blood. Surface markers were CD11b+, CD21+, HLA-DR+, Tac- and IgM (kappa). They were positive for ++acid phosphatase staining, but negative for peroxidase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. He was diagnosed as Japanese type HCL. HCL expressing both surface monocytoid antigen and IgM is rare and the clinical features of our case are compared with those reported in Japan.

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1991

[T-cell type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with eosinophilia].

A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in January 1990, because of weakness of upper limbs. On admission he was found to have generalized lymphadenopathy and leukocytosis. His WBC count was 40,900/microliters with 88% eosinophils. The bone marrow showed an increased number of eosinophils and their precursors but no other abnormalities. A diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (diffuse, medium sized cell type) was made by biopsy of his inguinal lymph node. The result of marker analysis was consistent with CD3+4+8-. The antibody to human T-lymphotropic virus type I was negative. A stomach biopsy revealed lymphoma cell infiltration. Extensive studies to identify the cause of the eosinophilia were undertaken, with consistently negative results. Combination chemotherapy was begun, and resulted in a dramatic resolution of the eosinophilia and the lymphadenopathy. The association of hypereosinophilia with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is unusual. We report a patient with eosinophilia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and discussed its possible etiology.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Mechanism for synergistic antitumor effect in the combination of 5-fluorouracil with cisplatin in vivo tumor models: from the view of biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil].

The mechanism for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) synergism was investigated in experimental tumor models in rodents in vivo. The reduced folates such as 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2FH4) and tetrahydrofolate (FH4) which play a significant role in the metabolism of 5-FU were increased about 2 to 3 fold 5 in P388 and Yoshida sarcoma cells of rodents at 24 hours following intraperitoneal administration of CDDP (5 mg/kg), and tritiated 2'-deoxyuridine incorporation into DNA fraction of the CDDP-treated cells was more strongly inhibited than that of non-treated cells after incubation with 5-FU, which indicated the increased formation of a tight ternary complex between thymidylate synthase, FdUMP derived from 5-FU and elevated CH2FH4. The combination of single intraperitoneal CDDP and 6 day-continuous infusion of 5-FU and/or 7 consecutive oral administration 5-FU derivative, BOF-A2, enhanced synergistically the antitumor activity against solid Yoshida sarcomas in rats as compared to each drug alone. These data suggest that CDDP play an important role as not only an effector but also a modulator in biochemical modulation of 5-FU in cellular methionine metabolism and by resultant elevation of intracellular reduced folates.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Burkitt's type ALL with numb chin syndrome as an initial manifestation].

A case of Burkitt's type ALL with numb chin syndrome as the initial manifestation is described. A 57-year-old Japanese male was admitted to our hospital in November 14, 1989 because of paresthesia at the chin and lower lip with diplopia and ptosis. Neurological examination revealed oculomotor paralysis of the right side and hypesthesia on the chin, lower lip and buccal mucous membrane. Laboratory findings showed increased leukocyte count. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypercellular marrow with 92.3% leukemic cells which had vacuoles in the cytoplasm and surface marker of IgM, kappa type. The abnormalities of karyotype included t(8;14). He was treated with chemotherapy and radiation. His conditions were temporarily improved, but relapsed later and died in March 6, 1990. Leukemic infiltrations to the trigeminal nerve were found in autopsy. The relationship between lymphoid malignancies and numb chin syndrome was discussed.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1991

[Mitral flow responses to three-week salt loading in elderly hypertensives].

Three-week effects of a high sodium diet on mitral flow pattern were assessed in 23 patients with essential hypertension (81.8 +/- 6.8 years). Transmitral flow was recorded during different rates of salt intake: 7 g/day for 8 weeks, 20 g/day for 3 weeks. With sodium loading, 19 patients whose mean blood pressure (MBP) increased by 10 percent or more were termed the salt-sensitive (SS) group, and 4 patients whose MBP did not change, or increased by less than 10 percent were termed the non salt-sensitive (NSS) group. With mitral velocity integral, cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were calculated. Fourteen of the SS patients, in which an increase in TPR was greater than that in CO with sodium repletion, were defined as "SST". In the remaining 5 SS patients, termed "SSC", an increase in CO was greater than that in TPR with salt loading. CO increased significantly in the SSC patients, but did not change in the SST or NSS group with sodium loading. TPR increased significantly in the SST, and remained unchanged in the SSC or NSS patients. Peak velocity of transmitral flow in the rapid filling phase (R) decreased significantly in the SST patients, increased significantly in the SSC group, and remained unchanged in the NSS subjects. While, peak velocity of transmitral flow in the atrial contraction phase (A) increased significantly in the SSC group, it remained unchanged in the SST and NSS patients. There was a significant increase in A/R in the SST group and a significant decrease in A/R in the SSC patients with sodium loading.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Major prognostic factors of Japanese patients with lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia.

Fifty-three Japanese patients with the lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) were analyzed to study the prognostic value of various clinical findings recorded at the time of diagnosis. All patients were positive for human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody and demonstrated monoclonal integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA in their malignant cells. The important individual variables detected in a previous univariate analysis were placed in a multiple regression model to identify the major prognostic factors for survival. This analysis showed that serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), calcium, and total protein levels had a strong predictive relationship with the length of survival (in descending order of importance). Among the 53 patients, 46 were dead at the time of analysis. The cause of death in relation to the duration of survival is also reviewed in this article.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In vivo measurement of intra- and extracellular space of brain tissue by electrical impedance method.

An impedance method was applied to evaluate transcellular fluid shifts in ischaemic brain oedema. The admittances (apparent electrical conductivities) of tissues were measured at varied frequencies based on a simple model of an electrical equivalent circuit for tissues, which consisted of Re (resistivity of extracellular fluid), Ri (resistivity of intracellular fluid) and Cm (capacitance of cell membrane). Calculated were Re, Ri, Rinf (resistivity of total fluid), Re/Ri and alpha (Cole-Cole distribution index) of brain tissue by Cole-Cole an arc of a circle. During ischaemia induced by cat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), the parameters were examined continuously. After MCAO, cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreased to under 10 ml/100 g/min. Then Re and Re/Ri increased, but Ri decreased. These results indicated that fluid shift from extracellular (EC) to intracellular (IC) space occurred after ischaemic insult. Rinf showed no changes during ischaemia of 30 min, which demonstrated no changes of total fluid volume. Using this impedance technique, fluid accumulation and shift may be examined by changes of Re, Ri, Re/Ri and Rinf in various types of brain oedema in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Influences of propranolol and atenolol on the circadian rhythm of heart rate in elderly patients with essential hypertension.

1. The influence of long-acting propranolol and of atenolol on the circadian rhythm of heart rate was assessed using 24 h electrocardiographic recordings in elderly patients with essential hypertension. Eighteen elderly patients were investigated before treatment and after 12 weeks on 60 mg of long-acting propranolol once a day; 21 elderly patients were studied before treatment and after 12 weeks on 50 mg of atenolol once a day. The mean hourly heart rate in 24 h electrocardiographic recordings was used to fit cosine curves by the statistical technique of least squares, and the following parameters were estimated: mesor (rhythm-adjusted mean of the heart rate), amplitude (one-half of the total diurnal variation of the heart rate) and acrophase (the time when the heart rate was at its peak above the mean). 2. The cosine curves were fitted with a P value of 0.01 or less before and after treatment in all patients. 3. In the long-acting propranolol group, the mesor and amplitude were reduced significantly after treatment. The acrophase appeared significantly earlier after treatment than before treatment. 4. In the atenolol group, the mesor and amplitude decreased significantly after treatment. However, the acrophase did not change with treatment. 5. We conclude that both propranolol and atenolol decrease the mesor and amplitude through blocking cardiac beta 1-receptors, and that only propranolol may have some effects on the central nervous system, resulting in the circadian phase shift.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Time course of hemodynamic responses to sodium in elderly hypertensive patients.

Thirty-one patients with essential hypertension (81.6 +/- 6.9 years old) were studied during two different regimens of sodium intake: 120 meq/day for 8 weeks and 344 meq/day for 2 weeks. Systemic hemodynamic data were measured with Doppler echocardiography from which the mitral flow velocity integral, cardiac index, and total peripheral resistance were calculated. The salt-sensitive patients in whom the increase in total peripheral resistance was greater than the increase in cardiac index with salt loading were termed SST. In the salt-sensitive patients termed SSC, the increase in cardiac index was greater than the increase in total peripheral resistance with increased sodium intake. All SST patients on day 7 of the high sodium diet remained in the SST group on day 14. Nine of 13 patients in the SSC group on day 7 remained in the SSC group on day 14, and the remaining four patients in the SSC group on day 7 fell into the SST group on day 14. Four of eight non-salt-sensitive (NSS) patients on day 7 of the high salt regimen remained in the NSS group on day 14, whereas the remaining four patients in the NSS group on day 7 fell into the SSC group on day 14. Our data suggest a changing pattern with sodium loading of initially high cardiac index followed by a persistently raised total peripheral resistance. The celiac, superior mesenteric, and renal arteries vasoconstricted with sodium repletion in both SST and SSC patients. With salt loading, the terminal aortic vascular bed vasodilated in the SSC patients and vasoconstricted in the SST patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Hemodynamic changes during dietary salt loading in elderly patients with essential hypertension].

Hemodynamic changes with dietary salt loading were assessed by Doppler echocardiography during different sodium intake (7 g/day for 8 weeks, 20 g/day for 1 week) in 29 elderly patients with essential hypertension (81.6 +/- 6.7 years, 4 men, 25 women). With salt loading, 24 patients whose mean blood pressure (MBP) increased by 10% or more were defined as salt sensitive (SS) group, and 5 patients whose MBP did not change, or increased by less than 10% were defined as non-salt sensitive (NSS) group. Based on the mitral flow velocity integral, cardiac output (CO) was calculated, and total peripheral resistance (TPR) was calculated as MBP divided by CO. Nine of the 24 SS patients were termed "SS (COdep)" whose CO increased significantly with salt loading. In the remaining 15 SS patients termed "SS (TPRdep)", TPR increased significantly with sodium repletion. Blood flow in the common carotid, superior mesenteric, or terminal aorta was calculated from each flow velocity integral. The percent change in peripheral resistance calculated by dividing MBP by each blood flow was obtained. There were no significant percent changes in the common carotid resistance in SS (COdep), SS (TPRdep) or NSS groups. The superior mesenteric resistance increased significantly in all three groups. The terminal aortic resistance increased in the SS (TPRdep) group, but decreased in the SS (COdep) or NSS group. These results indicate that salt sensitivity is ascribable to changes in regional vascular resistances.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Secondary hypothermia with brain tumor in an elderly woman and the circadian rhythm of body temperature].

An elderly case of secondary hypothermia associated with brain tumor was reported. An 84-year old woman developed hypothermia. Although her rectal temperature remained below 37 degrees C, the circadian rhythm of rectal temperature was preserved. Brain computerized tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a solitary brain tumor involving the hypothalamus. It appears that her hypothermia may not be due to inability to thermoregulate but to stem from her abnormal target temperatures. Body temperature is normally controlled at around 37 degrees C, but in this patient thermoregulation might have been reset at a lower temperature.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Why do they fall? Monitoring risk factors in nursing homes.

A pilot study identified 40 falls involving 29 patients from incident reports in a nursing home. About one fourth of the fallers fell more than once and accounted for about one fourth of the falls. The majority of research studies on falls were conducted in hospital settings on a one-time basis. Studies are needed in nursing homes to monitor risk factors on a continuous basis to design remedial nursing interventions. Age, male gender, mental impairment, and short stay were risk factors identified in this study. The association of dementia with falls is especially significant because of the increasing numbers of dementia patients in nursing homes. This pinpoints the need for special surveillance of these patients.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical, cytogenetic and immunological studies of 2 cases with B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. Comparison between B-ALL and Burkitt's lymphoma reported in Japan].

Two patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell phenotype (B-ALL) are described. They were 77-year-old female and 34-year-old male. One patient presented with marked splenomegaly, and the other with rupture of spleen on admission. Leukemic morphology revealed a typical L3 profile by FAB classification system in both cases. Immunologic analysis showed the presence of surface immunoglobulins in both cases, and one phenotype was IgM kappa, whereas the other was IgG kappa. Cytogenetic study revealed the typical translocations (8; 14) in both cases. Following chemotherapy, complete remission was achieved in one case, but the other died 36 days after admission. Including our two cases, we studied 12 cases of B-ALL and 77 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma reported in Japan, investigating the clinical prognosis as well as the biological features. We concluded that there are no significant difference of survival between B-ALL and Burkitt's lymphoma. We estimated it is due to oncogenesis from the same original cell in despite of the difference in main tumor site between two diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Granular lymphocyte proliferative disorder with penis cancer].

A case of granular lymphocyte proliferative disorder with squamous cell carcinoma of penis is described. A 77-year-old Japanese male was admitted to our hospital in March, 1989 because of ulceration of penis and lymphocytosis. He had hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy but not splenomegaly on physical examination. The WBC count was 10800/microliters with 83% of granular lymphocytes. Thrombocytopenia (32000/microliters) and mild anemia were also demonstrated. Bone marrow aspirate showed hypercellular marrow with 84% of granular lymphocytes. Proliferative granular lymphocytes were CD2+ CD3+ CD4- CD8- CDw29+ and exhibited ADCC activity but not NK activity. On March 15, amputation of penis was performed. But his lymphocytosis didn't change and thrombocytopenia increased. Thus we considered his granular lymphocytosis was neoplastic rather than reactive. Our case seemed to be rare and was compared with previous reports.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Malignant lymphoma with acute renal failure and nephrotic syndrome].

A case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure is described. A 60-year-old Japanese male was admitted to our hospital in November, 1988, because of lymphadenopathy, fever, night sweat, weight loss. On physical examination, lymphadenopathy was present in both cervical, submandibular, supraclavicular, axillary and inguinal regions. The leukocyte count was 9,700/microliters with 85% neutrophils and 2% atypical lymphocytes. Renal function was normal. Lymph node biopsy showed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse, large cell type. Immunohistologic examination showed T cell type. A few days later, he fell into acute renal failure. After systemic chemotherapy, he showed prompt improvement in renal function. Echo and computerized tomography (CT) of abdomen revealed no compression of the ureters and bladder. Renal biopsy findings suggested mesangium proliferative glomerulonephritis without invasion of tumor cells. Our case seemed to be rare and was compared with previous reports.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

[Improvement of the anemia associated with multiple myeloma and renal dysfunction by recombinant human erythropoietin].

Recombinant human erythropoietin was administered to an anemic patient with multiple myeloma (IgD, lambda type) and renal dysfunction who had been dependent on blood transfusions. Three thousand units of the recombinant human erythropoietin was given intravenously three times a week. Thereafter transfusion requirements, hemoglobin level, and reticulocyte responses have been monitored. An increase in hemoglobin level and reticulocyte counts was observed within 10 days and then further blood transfusion was not necessary. Neither organ dysfunction nor toxic effects were observed. The administration of recombinant human erythropoietin can be a new method to treat anemia associated with multiple myeloma and renal dysfunction.

Anemia, Refractory↗
PubMed1990

[Metabolic characteristics and antitumor activity of BOF-A2, a new 5-fluorouracil derivative].

A new 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) derivative, BOF-A2 (3-[3-(6-benzoyloxy-3-cyano-2-pyridyloxycarbonyl)benzoyl]-1- ethoxymethyl- 5-fluorouracil), is consisted of EM-FU (1-ethoxymethyl-5-fluorouracil) which is specifically and gradually converted to 5-FU by the drug-metabolizing enzyme of liver microsomes and CNDP (3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxypyridine), a potent inhibitor of 5-FU degradation in the liver. When BOF-A2 was given orally, blood levels of the main metabolites, EM-FU and CNDP, were maintained for a longer time in the tumor-bearing rats, and eventually the blood 5-FU levels were maintained over 12 hours. Moreover, 5-FU levels in the tumor tissue tended to be maintained higher and longer time over 24 hrs. than those in the blood of rats. Antitumor activity of such characterized BOF-A2 was investigated with transplantable tumors in rodents and DMBA-induced breast carcinomas in rats. The ED 50 (the dose for 50% inhibition of tumor growth) value was about 15 to 25 mg/kg against the tumors tested. These result may suggest that BOF-A2 has potent antitumor activity in accordance to the long persistence of 5-FU level in the tumor tissue.

Animals↗