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Biomedical subjects

Y Shima

Publications and source records attributed to Y Shima.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Endoscopic laser coagulation through an optical laser balloon.

An endoscope was equipped with a saline-filled latex rubber balloon at its tip to displace contaminating blood, bile, or gastric contents during operative portoscopy, biliary endoscopy, or upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A fiber with its tip inside the balloon transmitted energy from an Nd:YAG laser for coagulation of tumors in one bile duct cancer, in six portal vein growths from primary liver cancers, and in a superficially growing stomach cancer. The balloon increased the precision of irradiation by making lesions easier to identify through displacement of bile or blood and by keeping the fiber tip at a fixed position relative to the lesion. The technique, basic experimental studies, and clinical experiences are reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Interstitial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 in a boy with mild psychomotor retardation and dysmorphism.

A 17-month-old boy is reported with 46,XY,del(4) (p15.2p15.32). He had mild psychomotor retardation and multiple minor anomalies, without growth retardation or microcephaly, which differs from the classical 4p--syndrome (Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome). The activity of dihydropteridine reductase, a genetic marker for chromosome 4p15.3, was half that in a normal control.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1990

[The diminishing oocyte toxicity following intraperitoneal infusion of cisplatin (CDDP) combined with subcutaneous injection of sodium thiosulfate (STS) in syngeneic young mice].

Small oocytes in 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were destroyed in a dose-dependent fashion following intraperitoneal infusion of CDDP. ED65, the effective dose of which theoretically produced 65% destruction of small oocytes according to Probit analysis, was determined as 0.2mg/mouse. In this study, the oocyte toxicity induced with intraperitoneal treatment with CDDP (0.2mg) was offset by subcutaneous treatment with STS (40mg, 400 x molar ratio compared to that of CDDP). STS was subcutaneously injected into the back skin of mice at 60, 30, 15 minutes before, at the same time or at 15, 30, 60 minutes after the CDDP injection. STS markedly diminished the oocyte toxicity and reduced oocyte destruction about 45% when it was injected at 30, 15 minutes before or at the same time as CDDP infusion. On the other hand STS failed to reduce oocyte destruction when it was injected 15, 30 or 60 minutes later. STS might neutralize CDDP in the circulating blood to decrease the amount of active CDDP, but STS might not have any effect on CDDP once it is incorporated and conjugated with the DNA in the oocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The hypertensive effect induced with angiotensin II and the physiological and pharmacokinetic aspects of two-route chemotherapy using CDDP and STS].

Two-route chemotherapy of CDDP and STS was performed in 16 postoperative patients with ovarian cancer under the hypertensive condition of 20 minutes induced with angiotensin II (AT-II). Plasma total CDDP and filtrable CDDP levels serially determined at 15 and 30 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of CDDP (150 mg/body) were significantly higher than under the same condition except for using AT-II. The extreme vasoconstriction in the kidney and other organs during AT-II induced hypertension would protect these organs from CDDP induced toxicities. Furthermore, STS infused immediately after the cessation of AT-II could neutralize the CDDP preventing the occurrence of toxicities. The elevating plasma levels of CDDP might be beneficial to enhance the anticancer effects of CDDP, since the blood flow in cancer tissue was increased during AT-II induced hypertension.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Multimodal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Our multimodal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has brought about a significant improvement of the survival rate. It consists of a combination of hepatectomy and transcatheter arterial embolization using lipiodol (L-TAE). In order to facilitate L-TAE, we have developed a special catheter with notches. A group of patients with HCC (124 cases), excluding cases with absolutely non-curative resections and operative deaths, were treated between December 1980 and November 1986. Each case was treated for more than 1 year after hepatectomy. The patients were divided into two groups: A, patients with a single tumor not larger than 5 cm, and B, cases with larger tumors or more than one lesion. Some patients in each group were treated with L-TAE after hepatectomy. In group A, there was no significant difference in survival between treated and non-treated cases. In group B, L-TAE gave a significantly better survival than no postoperative treatment.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

Establishment of a human leukaemic cell line (CMK) with megakaryocytic characteristics from a Down's syndrome patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia.

A new megakaryoblastic cell line (CMK), which also exhibits erythroid and myeloid markers, was established from a Down's syndrome patient suffering from acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia. The CMK cells were found to be positive in reactions with anti-platelet antibodies (anti-glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib, and Plt-1). Platelet peroxidase (PPO) reactivity was found to be associated with the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum but not with the Golgi apparatus. Some cells possessed cytoplasmic granules with the characteristics of alpha-granules and demarcation membranes. Karyotyping revealed near-tetraploidy (modal chromosome number of 95; ranging 87-98) and a translocation der(17)t(11;17), also found in the original leukaemic cells, confirming that the cells were derived from the patient's malignant blasts. The CMK cells were also found to be positive in reaction with anti-glycophorin A antibody, as well as with anti-myeloid antibodies (MY4, MY7 and MY9). Treatment of CMK cells with phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) greatly enhanced the reactivity with anti-platelet antibodies, increased the number of cells in which cytoplasm was dissociated into numerous segments and suppressed the reactivity with anti-glycophorin A. The proliferation of CMK cells was stimulated by interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulation factor (GM-CSF). This cell line should be a useful tool for analysing the basis of the afferent association between megakaryoblastic leukaemia and Down's syndrome, as well as for further study of megakaryocytic differentiation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1989

Prediction of the virulencies of some enveloped viruses from the structure of the cleavage recognition site of viral glycoproteins essential for infectivity. I. Calculation of interaction energy.

Some evidences have been found that virulency in paramyxoviruses depends on the sensitivity of the cleavage recognition site of the F glycoprotein to serine type proteases. In this report, the interaction energies between the active site of trypsin and the cleavage recognition sites in paramyxoviruses are calculated. Results show that van der Waals energy and electrostatic energy contribute to the sensitivity. The virulencies of some myxo- and retro-viruses are then predicted on the basis of the two calculated interaction energy values.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Appraising the storing of X-ray images].

We compared the cost to store X-ray films among storing them by themselves, utilizing rental stock, converting to microfilm and entering images into optical file system. We used microcomputer and spread sheet system on it for this comparison. Storing X-ray films by themselves is the most inexpensive, but the cost is depend on the price of land. Rental stock is the second. If the price of land is high, microfilm is most inexpensive. Optical file system is much expensive. It is not suit to store X-ray images which are already being stored as X-ray films. Beside of the cost, we should also estimate the factors as accessibility to image, easiness of use the systems etc.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1989

[Arterial-portal shunting in hepatic cavernous hemangioma; a case report].

A 60-year-old woman had a small hepatic tumor in the right lobe detected by CT scan. Angiography showed a hypervascular lesion with shunting of dense contrast material into portal vein radicles. Resected specimen revealed a cavernous hemangioma. The angiographic differentiation between small hemangiomas and malignant hypervascular neoplasms of the liver can be difficult.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1989

[Primary cytoreductive surgery of advanced ovarian cancer with special reference to the significance of bowel resection].

The importance of cf cytoreductive surgery is discussed with special reference to the bowel resection for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. In the 10.5-year period from January 1978 to June 1988, 134 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were seen at Toranomon Hospital. Two (15%) out of 13 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer at stage II underwent bowel resection to achieve cytoreduction, 10 (31%) out of 32 at stage III, and 4 (36%) out of 11 at stage IV, respectively. Modified posterior pelvic exenteration was the most common operative procedure among the bowel resections. In this procedure, resection of both sigmoid colon and rectum and end-to-end anastomosis was carried out. Besides bowel resection, all patients at stage II-IV had abdominal hysterectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without omentectomy. Comparison of the treatment was by the method of Kaplan-Meier and the Wilcoxon test. The following results were obtained. 1) Five-year survival rate for patients with bowel resection was 60%, compared to 39% for those undergoing operation without bowel resection (p less than 0.05). 2) Two-year survival for patients having residual cancer even after bowel resection was 61%, compared to 28% for those with residual cancer without bowel resection (p less than 0.05). 3) Two-year survival for patients with residual cancer greater than 2 cm was 8%, compared to 62% for those with residual cancer less than 1.9 cm (p less than 0.05). 4) Four patients who died of cancer 15-26 months after the initial treatment including bowel resection spent 65-85% (mean 76%) of the survival period with normal or subnormal activity, against 0-85% (mean 30%) for 6 patients without bowel resection and with the matched survival period of 15-26 months. Also, the former spent 19-33% (mean 27%) of their survival period in the hospital, against 20-67% (mean 39%) by the latter. These results suggest that bowel resection should be encouraged in order to achieve optimal cytoreduction in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer because of its effectiveness in prolonging survival and the inherent benefits for quality of life.

Fallopian Tubes↗
PubMed1989

[Quantitative evaluation for murine oocyte toxicity following intraperitoneal treatment with chemotherapeutic agents].

The ovarian toxicity induced with 12 oncostatics was evaluated using syngeneic mice, 6-week-old C57BL/6. Each drug diluted with saline to 0.2ml was intraperitoneally infused twice at 6 and 7 weeks old. Mice were sacrificed 2 weeks after the second treatment, the ovaries removed and fixed for serial sectioning, and the small oocytes of Pedersen and Peters counted. Small oocytes were destroyed in a dose-dependent fashion, and ED50, an effective dose of which produced 50% destruction of small oocytes in each mice group, was significantly divided into 4 groups of statistical difference (F = 5.77, p less than 0.0213). The smallest dose of ED50 (mg/mouse) (the strongest in oocyte toxicity): Actinomycin D 0.0064, doxorubicin 0.0184, peplomycin 0.021; the second: Bleomycin 0.107, mitomycin 0.0707, CDDP 0.120; the third: Cyclophosphamide 0.427; and the largest (the weakest): Ifosphamide 3.01, 5FU 6.17, etoposide 6.11, methotrexate 2.0 much less than, vinblastine 0.1 much less than. The most toxic included those which could attack not only DNA, but also RNA biosynthesis and the least included those which could have an effect on enzymes or proteins with no direct action on DNA. The ratio of ED50 to HUD, the single usual dose for human cancer chemotherapy, were smallest for doxorubicin (2.23), cyclophosphamide (2.59) and CDDP (5.19). Although these three are very useful oncostatics for ovarian cancer, they might have serious potential toxicity for human ovarian oocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Combined peripheral and central chemoembolization of liver tumors. Experience with lipiodol-doxorubicin and gelatin sponge (L-TAE).

Patients with primary and a few with secondary liver tumors were embolized through the hepatic artery. Lipiodol and doxorubicin occluded peripherally, which was immediately followed by central embolization with gelatin sponge cubes. Preoperative embolizations were made for diagnostic and possible surgical adjuvant purposes. Extensive postembolization necrosis was common in tumors less than 5 cm in diameter, and tumor markers usually decreased temporarily after treatment. There were moderate side effects of pain, fever and nausea, and an acceptable complication and mortality rate with no deaths after embolization alone. This warrants further research on the method, which also seemed to improve the detection rate for small hepatocellular carcinomas.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1988

[Advantages and disadvantages of L-TAE in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Transcatheter arterial embolization using lipiodol ultra-fluid (L-TAE) is frequently used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its advantages are: (1) Excellent therapeutic and diagnostic ability in our pathological study of 153 resected tumors. (2) Preoperatively, we can localize HCC and prevent spreading of cancer cells by manipulation at hepatectomy. (3) Postoperatively, we can detect and treat recurrence early, and we hope to prevent recurrence by repeated L-TAE. (1) Liver infarction has occurred after L-TAE, because some lipiodol flows into the portal vein. Lipiodol remains long in the infarction area and interferes with the diagnosis of HCC. (2) Liver abscess has rarely occurred. (3) Repeated L-TAE does not impair the liver function much.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗