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Biomedical subjects

Y Shibuya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Shibuya.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Inhibitory potency of Erythrina variegata proteinase inhibitors toward serine proteinases in the blood coagulation and fibrinolytic systems.

The Erythrina variegata Kunitz family trypsin inhibitors, ETIa and ETIb, prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and also the prothrombin time (PT) of human plasma, but the Kunitz family chymotrypsin inhibitor, ECI, and Bowman-Birk family inhibitor, EBI, from E. variegata hardly prolonged these times. Trypsin inhibitors ETIa and ETIb inhibited the amidolytic activity of factor Xa, and ETIb but not ETIA inhibited plasma kallikrein. Neither ETIa nor ETIb exhibited any inhibitory activity toward beta-factor XIIa and thrombin. Furthermore, trypsin inhibitors ETIa and ETIb inhibited plasmin, a serine proteinase in the fibrinolytic system, whereas ECI and EBI did not. These results indicate that Erythrina Kunitz proteinase inhibitors possess different potency toward serine proteinases in the blood coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, in spite of their high similarity in amino acid sequence.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1996

[Expression of CD44 variant isoforms in human primary colon carcinomas and metastasis].

The CD44 is a cell adhesion molecule that is present as numerous isoforms created by mRNA alternative splicing. A variety of human carcinomas display the overexpression of CD44 variant isoforms. To identify the relationship between the expression of CD44 variant isoforms and the metastatic potential of colon carcinomas, we performed a polymerase chain reaction analysis following reverse transcriptase treatment for CD44 expression in fresh surgical specimens obtained from 25 colon carcinomas and corresponding normal colonic mucosa. The CD44H, a common type of the CD44 isoform, was amplified from all carcinomas and normal tissues, whereas a splice variant form corresponding to CD44E was expressed in 19 out of 23 colon carcinomas (83%) and 7 out of 19 normal mucosa specimens (37%), suggesting that the CD44E expression was predominantly observed in colon carcinomas compared to normal tissues (p < 0.05). The multivariant form of CD44 was identified in 10 out of 23 carcinomas (44%) and 5 out of 19 normal samples (26%). The CD44E/CD44H (E/H) ratio was significantly higher in colon carcinomas than in normal mucosa (p < 0.01). However, neither the E/H ratio nor CD44 multivariant expression correlated with the clinicopathological features. These results suggest that CD44E expression and high E/H ratio are commonly observed in colon carcinomas and that the expression of the CD44 multivariants is not associated with clinicopathological parameters.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with high levels of serum KL-6].

In May 1995, a 52-year-old man complaining of fever and dyspnea was admitted to a hospital. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, hypersensitivity pneumonitis was suspected. Steroid pulse therapy was unsuccessful, and he was then transferred to our hospital. A chest X-ray film showed bilateral ground-glass shadows and a high-resolution CT scan showed cystic air spaces. The number of CD4-positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood was very low. A test for anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody was positive and Pneumocystic carinii was found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were diagnosed. In this patient, the level of serum KL-6, a new marker of interstitial pneumonitis, was very high, and KL-6 was expressed on type II pneumocytes. The level of serum KL-6 may be useful as a marker of the activity of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Ocular findings in Japanese women with nevus of Ota.

BACKGROUND: Nevus of Ota is common in Japanese women, but most patients are not examined ophthalmologically. METHODS: We performed ophthalmologic examinations on 16 Japanese women who had had bluish pigmentation in the periorbital region, sclera, and conjunctiva since birth. RESULTS: Fifteen patients had unilateral involvement, and one had bilateral lesions. The visual acuities were good, and the intraocular pressures were within normal range. All patients had a negative family history. Three patients had light pigmentation in the optic disc in the affected eye. CONCLUSION: We believe that optic disc pigmentation associated with nevus of Ota, as found in these three patients, may be common but have been rarely described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Localization of N-cadherin in the normal and regenerating nerve fibers of the chicken peripheral nervous system.

The localization of N-cadherin in the normal, and regenerating nerve fibers was investigated by immunocytochemistry in the chicken sciatic nerve. The normal unmyelinated fibers exhibited N-cadherin immunoreactivity on the plasma membranes of axons and Schwann cells where they were in contact with each other, while myelinated fibers displayed no immunoreactivity except at the mesaxon where Schwann cell plasma membranes were attached to each other. In the regenerating nerves, intense immunoreactivity was demonstrated on the surface of plasma membranes of axons and Schwann cells where axon-axon and axon-Schwann cell contacts were made. No immunoreactivity was observed on the plasma membranes where regenerating axons or Schwann cells were in touch with the basal lamina. In addition, it was revealed that some vesicles in the growth cones had distinct N-cadherin immunoreactivity at the inner limiting membrane surface. These findings indicate that N-cadherin may be involved in the axon-axon and axon-Schwann cell adhesion in the normal unmyelinated as well as regenerating nerve fibers, and also in the attachment of Schwann cell processes at the mesaxon of myelinated fibers. In addition, these findings suggest that N-cadherin might be, at least in part, supplied by fusion of growth cone vesicles with the surface plasma membranes in growing axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Central retinal vein occlusion in a patient with anorexia nervosa.

PURPOSE/METHODS: We evaluated a unilateral retinal vascular abnormality in a 21-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The patient had weight loss, amenorrhea, and anemia. The left eye had a nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion and a visual acuity of 20/200. With treatment, the retinal hemorrhages disappeared and visual acuity in the left eye improved to 20/20. Central retinal vein occlusion may be a rare complication of anorexia nervosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Protective effect of thromboxane synthetase inhibitor on hypertensive renal damage in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

1. The effects of OKY-046, a specific thromboxane (TX) synthetase inhibitor, on blood pressure, urinary excretion of TX and its release from blood platelets and renal papilla, and pathological change of glomeruli were evaluated in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. 2. Average daily intakes of OKY-046-treated rats were 0.93 mg/kg (low dose), 9.8 mg/kg (moderate dose), and 88 mg/kg (high dose). 3. Systolic blood pressure tended to decrease by 6.3, 11.4, and 10.9% in three OKY-treated groups. 4. OKY-046 suppressed the release of TX from platelets in a dose-dependent fashion. Both TX in urine and released from renal papilla decreased in OKY-treated groups with moderate and high dose. OKY-046 resulted no change in urinary excretion or release from renal papilla of prostaglandin E2 or 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha. 5. Glomerular sclerosis score decreased significantly in both groups treated with moderate and high doses of OKY-046. 6. An inhibition of renal TX synthesis by TX synthetase inhibitor has a protective effect on the development of hypertensive renal damage with minor antihypertensive effect in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Elevated anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer in a patient with atypical orbital pseudotumor.

We recently examined a patient with ophthalmic manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis in whom antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (cANCA) titers provided helpful diagnostic information. A 40-year-old man who had suffered from bilateral exophthalmos for 9 months was diagnosed initially as having idiopathic inflammatory pseudotumor. The patient exhibited purulent nasal discharge and microhematuria. A histopathologic study revealed vasculitis. His ANCA titer for cANCA was found to be evaluated, and our patient was subsequently diagnosed as having Wegener's granulomatosis. His ocular symptoms resolved and did not recur after treatment with corticosteroid in combination with cyclophosphamide. We believe that cANCA levels should be investigated in patients with orbital pseudotumor as a possible sign of Wegener's granulomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Role of alpha-2-macroglobulin and bacterial elastase in guinea-pig pseudomonal septic shock.

An essential role of alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) was revealed in the prevention of septic shock induced in guinea-pigs by an elastase producing strain (IFO-3455) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When bacterial peritonitis was induced by inoculating fibrin-thrombin clot containing viable bacteria at a dose of 10(9) c.f.u./kg body weight, the guinea-pigs (n = 6) died within 7-8 hours due to septic shock. Prior to the shock, consumption of two-thirds of the circulating alpha 2M was observed. When circulating alpha 2M was depleted 4 hours after the bacterial inoculation, the guinea-pigs immediately developed shock and died within one hour. This shock was prevented either with a specific elastase inhibitor, HONHCOCH(CH2C6H5)CO-Ala-Gly-NH2, zincov (6 microM), or with human alpha 2M. Simultaneous depletion of circulating Hageman factor also prevented shock in the alpha 2M-depleted animals. These results indicate that septic shock was induced through activation of the Hageman factor dependent system by the bacteria-produced elastase which survived alpha 2M in the circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis associated with pneumothorax].

We report a case of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis. A 20-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital complaining of coughing, fever, and dyspnea on exertion. She had no underling disease or immunological abnormality. Chest X-ray film revealed bilateral diffuse infiltrative shadows, which were first believed to have been caused by a community-acquired pneumonia. Pulmonary cryptococcosis was diagnosed from the results of a transbronchial lung biopsy. After 2.5 years of anti-mycotic chemotherapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine, pneumothorax occurred in the left lung. Thoracotomy and open lung biopsy were done. Histological findings of the open lung biopsy specimens showed numerous broken cryptococcal organisms within alveolar macrophages. Diffuse fibrosis accompanied by multiple bullae may have punctured bullae or blebs and thus led to pneumothorax.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, amblyopia, and menstrual abnormality in sisters.

Two sisters with blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus were examined. Both patients also had amblyopia in the right eye and menstrual abnormalities associated with elevated serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. The patients' father was suspected of having blepharophimosis and ptosis. It is possible that the blepharophimosis syndrome observed in this family is of autosomal dominant inheritance. We believe that this condition of blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, amblyopia, and menstrual abnormality found in our patients may be rare, and that the menstrual abnormality in these patients may be associated with ovarial failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Triglyceride].

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Adolescent↗