Analysis of the mammalian heat-shock response. Inducible gene expression and heat-shock factor activity.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Shi
Publications and source records attributed to Y Shi.
Role of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide in newborn infants with postasphyxial hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS: Plasma CO and NO levels were studied in 33 asphyxiated term neonates, and 30 healthy neonates served as controls. RESULTS: Among the 33 asphyxiated term neonates, plasma CO and NO levels in 28 neonates with HIE were significantly higher than those in the 5 infants without HIE and in the normal controls. The plasma CO and NO levels in the newborn infants with HIE stage 3 were found to be significantly higher than those in the neonates with HIE stage 1 and 2. Moreover, plasma CO and NO levels were significantly increased in neonates with brain damage and adverse outcome as compared with those in patients with normal neuroimaging and normal outcome. CONCLUSION: Plasma CO and NO levels after perinatal asphyxia are related to the severity of neonatal HIE, brain damage, and neurologic outcome. The present study suggests that CO and NO might play important roles in the pathogenesis of neonatal HIE.
Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
Role of cell adhesion-associated protein, pinin (DRS/memA), in corneal epithelial migration.
PURPOSE: To determine whether the cellular distribution of cell adhesion-associated protein, pinin, is altered during corneal epithelial migration in response to debridement wounding and to determine the effect of overexpression of pinin in cultured epithelial cells. METHODS: Corneas from guinea pig and embryonic (day 17) chickens were excised, wounded, and placed on organ-culture rafts. At time points from 0 to 24 hours, corneas were cryosectioned and subsequently analyzed by immunofluorescence or immunoelectron microscopy for the presence and distribution of pinin. Cultured epithelial cell line MDCK (Madin Darby canine kidney) confluent monolayers were wounded by scraping and examined by immunofluorescence for pinin and desmoplakin. MDCK cells were transfected with full-length pinin cDNA. After selection in Geneticin, clones of pinin-transfected cells were isolated. Monolayers of transfected cells were scrape-wounded and assayed for their ability to migrate. RESULTS: Within 2 hours after wounding, although morphologically identifiable desmosomes were present on migrating epithelial cells, the association of pinin to desmosomes was greatly reduced. Finally, after completion of wound closure, pinin returned to the corneal epithelial desmosome. Wounding of confluent epithelial monolayers (MDCK) in vitro demonstrated a very similar change in the distribution of pinin, whereas desmoplakin remained cell boundary-associated. Transfection of pinin into cultured epithelial cells resulted in an overexpression of pinin. Clones of cells expressing high levels of pinin exhibited marked reduction in their ability to migrate after wounding. CONCLUSIONS: Pinin is involved in corneal epithelium migration. The localization of pinin at or near the desmosome is correlated with the epithelial quiescence. The loss of pinin from the cell boundary correlates with the transition from quiescence to actively migrating. Overexpressing pinin in cultured epithelial cells affects epithelial homeostasis and, in turn, drives the epithelial cells to a hyperstable epithelial adhesive state and inhibits the transition from quiescence to migratory.
Animals↗
[Progress of study on selectin].
Selectin is a member of vascular adhesion molecular family. Selectin can mediate the interaction between endothelial cell and leucocyte, therefore, it is an important factor in infectious disease, transplantation immunity, development of tumor, vascularization, ischemia-reperfusion injury and autoimmune disease. In this report, selectin's molecular structure, function, expression, regulation and gene reformation were discussed.
Animals↗
Functional correlation in amino acid residue mutations of yeast iso-2-cytochrome c that is consistent with the prediction of the concomitantly variable codon theory in cytochrome c evolution.
Fitch and Markowitz' theory of concomitantly variable codons (covarions) in evolution predicted the existence of functional correlation in amino acid residue mutations among present-day cytochromes c. Mutational analysis was carried out on yeast iso-2-cytochrome c, where hydrophobic core residues I20, M64, L85, and M98 and surface residue L9 were mutated, in selected combinations, to those found in mammalian and bird cytochromes c. The functionality assay is based upon the ability of yeast cells to grow in YPGE medium. Furthermore, experiments on the single M64L and M98L mutations as well as the double M64L/M98L mutation using NMR showed that the effects of these mutations are to perturb the structural integrity of the protein. We identified functional correlation in two cases of a pair of residue mutations, the I20-->V and M98-->L pair and the L9-->I and L85-->I pair. In both cases, only one of the two alternative, putative evolutionary pathways leads to a functional protein and the corresponding pairs of residue mutations are among those found in present-day cytochromes c. Since valine is predicted to be at position 20 in the ancestral form of cytochrome c, the present data provide an explanation for the ancient requirement of leucine rather than methionine in position 98. The present data provide further evidence for the role of those specific atom-atom interactions in directing a pathway in the evolutionary changes of the amino acid sequence that have taken place in cytochrome c, in accordance with Fitch and Markowitz.
Amino Acid Substitution↗
[Effects of adhesive proteins on endothelialization of PC crosslinking yak pericardial materials--an experimental study].
To investigate the conditions of endothelialization of biomaterials, we examined in vitro the growth properties of endothelial cells on PC treated yak pericardial materials. After rinsed in normal saline (0.9%), the surface of PC crosslinking yak pericardial materials was precoated with three kinds of adhesive proteins--Laminin (La), Fibronectin(FN) and Collagen-I(CL-I). Ednothelial cells(EC) from the canine were seeded on the precoated materials, and on the uncoated materials as control. The result showed that in the La and FN groups the seeded EC survived and grew on the patches, while in the CL-I group and uncoated group the seeded EC on and around the patches did not continue to live. Conclusively, in this experiment, PC yak pericardial materials had cytotoxicity; the cytotoxicity of PC crosslinking yak pericardial materials could be decreased by La and FN precoating; La and FN promoted the adhesion and growth of EC on the PC yak pericardial materials patches; the materials met the needs of endothelialization in vitro, prominently in the La group; there was significant difference in endothelialization between La and FN groups (P < 0.05); CL-I had no part in promoting EC adhesion and growth.
Animals↗
[Influence of mannitol on early enlargement of hematoma in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage].
OBJECTIVE: To probe into the influence of mannitol on early enlargement of hematoma in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, and to discuss how to use mannitol correctly. METHODS: 93 patients with hypertensive supratentorial non-thalamic cerebral hemorrhage and light intracranial hypertension, and with less than 30 ml of hematoma volume determined by cranial CT within 6 h after the onset were randomly divided into a group in which mannitol was used (n = 46) or a group in which mannitol was not used (n = 47) within 24 h. Cranial CT was redone at 48 h. If the volume of hematoma increased by 33%, it was named early enlargement of hematoma. The influence of using mannitol within 24 h after the onset on early enlargement of hematoma was analyzed. RESULTS: 14(14/46) patients in the group in which mannitol was used within 24 h after the onset had early enlargement of hematoma, yet 4(4/47) patients in the group without mannitol had hematoma enlargement. There was significant difference between them (P < 0.01). No significant difference was seen between the integral of nerve function defect in the two groups when CT was done at the first time (P > 0.05). When CT was redone, the integral of nerve function defect in the group with mannitol used within 24 h was markedly higher than that in the group without mannitol (P < 0.05). 5(5/46) patients died in the former group and 1(1/47) in the latter. CONCLUSION: Improper use of mannitol within 24 h after the onset may increase the incidence of early enlargement of hematoma in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, and exacerbate the patient's condition. For patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage with light intracranial hypertension, especialy those within 24 h after the onset, mannitol should not be used blindly, in case that it enlarges the hematoma and exacerbates patient's condition.
Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
[Clinical analysis of 25 cases of malignant transformation of endometriosis of the ovary].
OBJECTIVE: To study clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and prognostic factors of malignant transformation of endometriosis of the ovary. METHODS: From 1981 to 1999, a total of 25 patients with malignant transformation of endometriosis of the ovary were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The main symptoms were pelvic masses, abdominal pain, abdominal distension and abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge. Histological type: of the 25 cases, 14 were endometrioid carcinomas, 2 were clear-cell carcinomas, 2 were adenoacanthoma, 1 was serous papillary adenocarcinomas, 6 were mixed epithelium tumor of ovary. The exact area of histologic transition from benign to malignant epithelium was observed in 25 patients. Stage: stage I 14, stage II 7, stage III 3, stage IV 1. The actual 5-year survival rate was 77.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The exact incidence and prevalence of malignant transformation in endomertriosis is unknown. Radical tumor resection combined with chemotherapy is the main therapeutic approach for malignant transformation of endometriosis of the ovary.
Adult↗
[Clinical analysis of 10 cases of true histiocytic lymphoma].
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of true histiocytic lymphoma. METHODS: The clinical and pathological data of 10 true histiocytic lymphoma patients admitted between 1986 and 1996 to our hospital was retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: True histiocytic lymphoma accounted for 0.6% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) admitted in this period to our hospital. Enzymes associated with true histiocytic lymphoma were detected in all the 10 cases. The tumor cells were excluded from T/B lymphoid origin in 6 cases by immunohistochemistry. Eight cases received chemotherapy + irradiation +/- excision of primary lesion, 1 simply received irradiation and 1 received bone marrow transplantation. The response rate was 100%, with a 1, 3 and 5 year survival rate of 100%, 90% and 70%, respectively. The expected 10 year disease free survival rate is 40%. CONCLUSION: True histiocytic lymphoma is a rare subset of NHL. Those originated from lymph node are sensitive to chemotherapy and irradiation with a favorable prognosis.
Adolescent↗
[Effects of insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 1 on development of ovarian follicles during superovulation cycle].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 1 (IGFBP-1) on development of ovarian follicles during gonadotropin stimulation in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) program. METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay were used to determine the levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and estradiol (E2) in serum and follicular fluid obtained during oocyte pick-up (OPU) in 32 IVF-embryo transfer cycles. RESULTS: (1) Serum IGFBP-1 levels increased with growth of follicles [(3.5 +/- 1.0) micrograms/L during OPU, (2.1 +/- 0.5) micrograms/L before stimulation, P < 0.05]; follicular fluid (FF) IGFBP-1 levels were significantly higher than those of matched serum levels [(77.7 +/- 26.7) micrograms/L, (3.5 +/- 1.0) micrograms/L respectively P < 0.001]; Serum IGFBP-1 levels were positively correlated with developing of follicle numbers (r = 0.48, P < 0.05). (2) There were no significant changes of serum IGF-I levels before and after superovulation, neither was there between serum and follicle fluid [(103.7 +/- 39.2) micrograms/L, (105.9 +/- 36.8) micrograms/L, (108.9 +/- 19.1) micrograms/L respectively P > 0.05]. Significant positive correlation was found between serum IGFBP-1 and serum E2[(3.5 +/- 1.0) micrograms/L, (3,293 +/- 1,361) pmol/L, r = 0.41, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During superovulation serum total IGF-I levels do not change. However changes of serum IGFBP-1 levels may play a complementary role in regulation of follicular development by altering free IGF-I levels.
Adult↗
[Evaluation of derma and fat combined pedicled superficial temporal fascia flap for reconstruction of facial depression].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative effect of derma and fat combined pedicled superficial temporal fascia flap for reconstruction of facial depression. METHOD: Postoperative follow-up and comparative study were performed. 10 cases of facial depression deformities were involved, in which 5 cases were hemifacial atrophy, and 5 cases were branchial arch maldevelopment. RESULTS: Postoperative follow-up for 1-3 years showed that the method produced better results in branchial arch depression than in hemifacial atrophy. The combined tissue used in plomb of branchial arch maldevelopment had a low ratio of anaphase absorption, maintaining a satisfactory long-term full contour. In plomb of hemifacial atrophy, the anaphase absorption ratio of the was combined tissue approximately 20%-40%. CONCLUSIONS: The noxa of depression ought to be noticed when this method is used in reconstruction of facial depression. The exorbitant plomb is inadvisable for facial depression of branchial arch maldevelopment. However, in facial depression of hemifacial atrophy, in considering anaphases absorption, the suitable exorbitant plomb is reasonable for better future results.
Adolescent↗
Tetrandrine inhibits inward rectifying potassium current in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.
AIM: To study the effect of tetrandrine (Tet) on inward rectifying potassium current in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. METHODS: Inward rectifying potassium current (IRK) was observed by the whole cell patch-clamp technique. RESULTS: IRK was inhibited by Tet in a concentration-dependent manner and recovered to normal after wash with drug-free external solution. IRK was reduced from (582 +/- 48) pA to (221 +/- 40) pA at a holding potential of -70 mV by Tet 30 mumol/L. IC50 was 2.8 mumol/L. CONCLUSION: Tet inhibited inward rectifying potassium current in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.
Alkaloids↗
Noninvasive three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography in preoperative detection of intracranial arteriovenous malformations.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of noninvasive three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography (3D-CTA) in preoperative detection of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). METHODS: A prospective evaluation at a single institute over a 2-year period included 23 patients suspected of intracranial AVMs. All patients underwent 3D-CTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Results from both procedures were compared. RESULTS: 3D-CTA imaging provided excellent visualization of intracranial AVMs. The false positive error and false negative error were zero in our sample. The details of arterial supply (numerical measure, orientation, caliber and routing) and vascular nidus (size, morphosis and location) provided by 3D-CTA images were the same as DSA and the details of venous drainage were an approximate match. Additionally, 3D-CTA can depict tridimensional anatomical information for AVMs and their relationship to adjacent structures, a function not possible with DSA. This assisted the surgeons in making better surgical planning and reduced trauma. As a noninvasive course, there were no related-complications in the course of 3D-CTA processing. CONCLUSIONS: DSA is still regarded as the gold standard for intracranial AVMs detection. The modality of 3D-CTA is accurate, noninvasive, nearly risk free and low-price; we could routinely use it instead of or as a supplement to DSA, in the preoperative detection of suspected intracranial AVMs and postoperative radiological follow-up. 3D-CTA adds tridimensional aspect and assists the surgeon in a the more accurate therapeutic scheme. Preliminary data suggest that 3D-CTA is playing a favorable role in the assessment of patients with intracranial AVMs.
Adolescent↗
[In vitro study of prolactin secretion by ectopic endometrial stromal cells].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between prolactin (PRL) secretion by ectopic endometrial stromal cells and elevated PRL concentrations of peritoneal fluid in patients with endometriosis. METHODS: Twelve samples of each ectopic endometrium and normal endometrium were separated and cultured in vitro. After stimulated with progesterone(10(-8) mol/L) for 6 days, PRL levels in the media of cultured stromal cells from both tissue types were measured by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay(ELISA). A study of correlation between PRL level in culture supernatant of stromal cells from ectopic endometrium and American Fertility Society (AFS) classification of endometriosis score was performed. The expression of PRL protein of stromal cells from both tissue types were determined by immunocytochemical method. RESULTS: PRL was secreted in similar concentrations by stromal cells from both tissue types. The mean levels of PRL in ectopic and normal endometria were (21.8 +/- 8.0) and (24.5 +/- 7.9) micrograms.L-1.6 d-1 per, respectively (P > 0.05). There is significant positive correlation between PRL secretion by ectopic endometrial stromal cells and the scoring of endometriosis (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference in the immunostaining integral score of PRL between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Production of PRL by ectopic implants of endometriosis is likely to be a contributing factor of the elevated peritoneal fluid PRL in patients with endometriosis.
Adult↗
[Study on ascite of ovarian cancer].
OBJECTIVE: Analysis of correlative factors in ascite of ovarian cancer. METHODS: The clinical data of 72 patients with ovarian cancer admitted to our hospital from 1993 to 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: 73.5% of patients with ovarian cancer had cancer cells in ascite, the incidence of ascite was 81.9%, III and IV stage ovarian cancer with cancer cells in ascite were 91.2%, positive rate of tumor cells obviously increased in cases whose ascite were more than 1,000 ml, in cases with tumor surface infiltration as well as with metastasis to omentum, intestine and diaphragm. CA125 value in ascite without cancer cells was (324.94 +/- 527.64) kU/L, whereas in ascite with cancer cells it was (5,172.64 +/- 1,432.61) kU/L. Whether cancer cells were positive or negative. Chromosomal aneuploidy was detected in two third of the cases. CONCLUSION: Routine examination of cancer cells, chromosome and CA125 in ascite with ovarian cancer may improve the diagnostic accuracy.
Adolescent↗
Intravesical immunotoxin as adjuvant therapy to prevent the recurrence of bladder cancer.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the intravesical application of immunotoxin as adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence after tumor resection in bladder cancer patients. METHODS: An anti-human immunotoxin against bladder carcinoma, BDI-1-RT, was prepared and its in vitro targeting cytotoxicity estimated. The immunoreactivity of BDI-1-RT with human bladder cancer tissue of different grades and stages was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. After safety test, intravesical administration of BDI-1-RT was performed in 31 patients while mitomycin C (MMC) was used in 36 patients serving as a control group. The recurrence rates and side effects in both groups were recorded. In addition, the development of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) was determined by ELISA, to assess the potential safety of this immunotoxin. RESULTS: In our study, BDI-1-RT had immunoreactivity with 81.6% of bladder transitional cell carcinomas. The immunoreactivity of BDI-1-RT correlated with tumor grade. High-grade carcinoma had stronger staining than low-grade (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the BDI-1-RT group (10%) and MMC group (19.3%) in recurrence rate (P > 0.05). Side effects, including systemic and local, were more frequent in the MMC group (11 of 36 patients versus 2 of 31, P < 0.05). HAMA was not detected in any of 7 patients. CONCLUSION: Immunotoxin may have considerable potential in the prophylaxis of bladder transition cell carcinoma.
Administration, Intravesical↗
[Measurements of interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 levels in peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of cytokines in peritoneal fluid on pathogenesis of endometriosis (EM). METHODS: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) contents in peritoneal fluid (PF) of 31 cases with EM were detected by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and compared with the counterparts of 22 cases without EM (controls). The correlation analyses between cytokine concentrations in peritoneal fluid of EM patients and the severity of EM or dysmenorrhea score were performed. RESULTS: The peritoneal fluid from patients with EM contained significantly greater amounts of IL-6 [(1.8 +/- 0.4) ng/L] and IL-8 [(1.7 +/- 0.5) ng/L] than those in controls [(1.2 +/- 0.2) ng/L and (1.4 +/- 0.3) ng/L respectively, P < 0.05]. However, in the amounts of TGF-beta 1 there were no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two groups. The highest PF IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were found in stage II, III and stag I, II EM respectively. A significant correlation between PF IL-6 content and the severity of disease was noted but there were no evidences of a relationship between concentrations of IL-8 and TGF-beta 1 and the severity of EM as well as between concentrations of three cytokines and dysmenorrhea score. CONCLUSION: Unusual levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in PF of EM patients partly account for imbalance of the immunologically dynamic environment in peritoneal cavity of EM patients.
Adult↗
[Clinical study on ultra-early intravenous thrombolysis with high-dose urokinase in treatment of acute cerebral infarction].
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical curative effect and safety of ultra-early intravenous thrombolysis with high-dose urokinase in treatment of acute cerebral infarction. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction were treated with a single dose of 1.5 x 10(4) U/kg urokinase as intravenous thrombolytic therapy within 6 h after the onset. The decrease degree of nerve function defect integral, the cure rate, the effectual rate, and the total effective rate were observed 3 h and 21 days after thrombolysis, respectively, and the results were compared with those of conventional treatment. The infarct volume of patients treated with the two therapies were compared 21 days after treatment. RESULTS: The nerve function defect integral examined 3 h after thrombolysis (14.2 +/- 2.1) was markedly lower than that before thrombolysis (26.5 +/- 9.1). A remarkable difference (n = 31, t = 4.669, P < 0.05) was noticed between them. The cure rate and effectual rate reached 22.58% (7/31) and 67.74% (21/31), respectively. The decrease degree of nerve function defect integral, the cure rate, the effectual rate and the total effective rate evaluated 21 days after thrombolysis were all higher than those of conventional therapy group (from 26.5 +/- 9.1 to 8.8 +/- 2.8 vs from 26.4 +/- 8.1 to 16.3 +/- 4.1, t = 2.417; 51.61% vs 15. 38%, chi(2) = 5.037; 70.96% vs 42.30%, chi(2) = 4.765; 87.09% vs 65.38%, chi(2) = 3.886, respectively; all P < 0.05). The infarct volume was markedly smaller than that of the conventional therapy group (3.7 cm 3 +/- 3.0 cm(3) vs 5.3 cm(3) +/- 3.1 cm(3), t = 2.165, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ultra-early intravenous thrombolysis with a single dose of 1.5x10(4) U/kg urokinase in the treatment of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction has a better clinical curative effect and less complication, and it can also have the infarct volume markedly reduced.
Cerebral Infarction↗