Biomedical subjects

Y Satomi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Satomi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Structure and functional analysis of a marine bacterial carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster and astaxanthin biosynthetic pathway proposed at the gene level.

A carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster for the production of astaxanthin was isolated from the marine bacterium Agrobacterium aurantiacum. This cluster contained five carotenogenic genes with the same orientation, which were designated crtW, crtZ, crtY, crtI, and crtB. The stop codons of individual crt genes except for crtB overlapped the start codons of the following crt genes. Escherichia coli transformants carrying the Erwinia uredovora carotenoid biosynthesis genes provide suitable substrates for carotenoid biosynthesis. The functions of the five crt genes of A. aurantiacum were determined through chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses of the pigments accumulated in some E. coli transformants carrying various combinations of the E. uredovora and A. aurantiacum carotenogenic genes. As a result, the astaxanthin biosynthetic pathway is proposed for the first time at the level of the biosynthesis genes. The crtW and crtZ gene products, which mediated the oxygenation reactions from beta-carotene to astaxanthin, were found to have low substrate specificity. This allowed the production of many presumed intermediates of astaxanthin, i.e., adonixanthin, phoenicoxanthin (adonirubin), canthaxanthin, 3'-hydroxyechinenone, and 3-hydroxyechinenone.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Antitumorigenic activities of chalcones. I. Inhibitory effects of chalcone derivatives on 32Pi-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells promoted by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA).

More than forty chalcone derivatives were synthesized to examine their structure-activity relationship against tumorigenesis. As a primary screening test, the inhibitory activities of the chalcones for the 32Pi-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells enhanced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) were examined. 3-Hydroxy-chalcone derivatives possessing methyl group in 3'-, 4'-, or 2'-position and isoliquiritigenin homologs showed potent inhibitory activities in the phosphorylation test, which suggests their antitumorigenic effects.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Inhibitory effects of steroidal saponins on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-enhanced 32P-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells and proliferation of human malignant tumor cells.

Certain Lilium plants contain (25S)-spirost-5-ene-3 beta,27-diol glycosides embracing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid at the C-27 hydroxy position. One of their derivatives, methyl ester of (25R)-27-O-[(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl]-spirost-5-ene-3 beta,27-diol 3-O-(O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)] - beta-D-glucopyranoside) was found to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated 32P-incorporation into the phospholipids of human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells and also to inhibit the proliferation of various kinds of human malignant tumor cells, pancreatic cancer (PANC-1), osteosarcoma (OST), human gastric cancer (HGC-27), pheochromocytoma (PC-12) and HeLa cells, in vitro.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Steroidal saponins from the underground parts of Hosta longipes and their inhibitory activity on tumor promoter-induced phospholipid metabolism.

Phytochemical study on the underground parts of Hosta longipes gave six new steroidal saponins together with a known one. The structures of the new compounds were determined by detailed analysis of their 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra including two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis followed by chemical correlation, and by comparison with spectral data of known compounds. The isolated saponins and their aglycones were examined for inhibitory activity on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated 32P-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells to identify new antitumor-promoter compounds.

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗

PubMed1995

Structures of steroidal saponins from the tubers of Brodiaea californica and their inhibitory activity on tumor promoter-induced phospholipid metabolism.

Phytochemical examination of the fresh tubers of Brodiaea californica resulted in the isolation of four new steroidal saponins. Their structures were determined, by extensive spectral analysis including two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, to be (25S)-spirost-5-ene-1 beta,3 beta-diol [(25S)-ryscogenin] 1-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)- beta-D-glucopyranoside] (1), (25S)-ruscogenin 1-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O -[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (2), the C-20 and C-22 isomer of 2 (3) and the 6'-O-acetyl derivative of 2 (4), respectively. The conformations of the tetrasaccharide moiety of 2 and 4 were inspected through molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics calculation studies, showing that the acetyl group attached to C-6 of the inner glucose was near the C-21 methyl of the aglycon in the calculated preferred conformation of 4, which must cause the downfield shift of 21-Me by 0.07 ppm in comparing the 1H-NMR of 4 with that of 2. The inhibitory activity of the isolated saponins on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbor-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated 32P-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells was evaluated to identify new antitumor-promoter compounds.

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗

PubMed1995

[Comparisons of histological grading between biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens in prostatic adenocarcinoma].

PURPOSE: To examine how accurately biopsy specimens reflect the corresponding excised specimens in terms of histologic grades of prostatic adenocarcinoma, histologic grades of biopsy specimens were compared to those of radical prostatectomy specimen in 29 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy without any prior treatment. METHODS: For the assessment of histological grading, Japanese General Rule for Prostatic Cancer (JGRPC), in which adenocarcinoma was graded as being either well, moderately or poorly differentiated, and Gleason's system were applied. RESULTS: According to JGRPC, histologic grades of biopsy specimens were identical to those of the prostatectomy specimens in 83% of cases, with biopsy specimens given higher grades than those of the prostatectomy specimen in 4 (14%), and lower grades in 1 (3%). According to Gleason score histological grade of biopsy specimens were identical to those of the prostatectomy specimens in only 52%. However, the grouping category of Gleason score (2 to 5, 6, 7 and 8 to 10) assigned to the biopsy was lower than that of prostatectomy specimen in only 3 cases (10%) and was greater than that of prostatectomy specimen in 5 cases (17%). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that histological grades based upon biopsy specimens will predict those of the corresponding prostatectomy specimens in the majority (72% to 83%) but not all of the cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Lilium longiflorum and their antitumour-promoter activity.

Two new spirostanol saponins and two new furostanol saponins were isolated from the fresh bulbs of Lilium longiflorum together with several known saponins. The structures of new compounds were determined to be (25S)-spirost-5-ene-3 beta, 27-diol 3-O-(O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O- [alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside), (25R)-27-O-[(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl]-spirost-5-ene-3 beta,27 diol 3-O-(O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl -(1-->3)] - beta-D-glucopyranoside), 22-O-methyl-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5-ene-3 beta,22 xi, 26-triol 3-O-(O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-[alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and 22-O-methyl-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5-ene-3 beta, zeta, 26-triol 3-O-(O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)- O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside). The isolated saponins and their derivatives were examined for inhibitory activity on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated 32P-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells as the primary screening test to find new antitumour-promoter compounds.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗

PubMed1994

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: a report of two cases.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a recently established subtype of RCC, which has rarely been reported in Japan. In this communication, the authors report two Japanese cases of chromophobe RCC together with the immunohistochemical findings. The tumors were composed of sheets and cribriform glands formed by tumor cells with cloudy and reticular cytoplasm. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm was filled with numerous microvesicles. The tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and Tamm-Horsfall protein. Occasionally, LeuM1-positive cells were also noted. Vimentin was negative, unlike the usual RCC. Reactivity for peanut agglutinin was more frequent than that to Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin. The results of this study suggest that the tumor cells possessed phenotypes similar to the distal nephron rather than to the proximal tubular cells.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[A case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of urinary bladder].

A 72-year-old female patient presented to our clinic with the chief complaint of gross hematuria and urinary frequency on September 6, 1990. Cystoscopic examination revealed a thumb's head size nonpapillary tumor. The tumor was located adjacent to the orifice of the left ureter. Histological findings of the tumor by transurethral resection (TUR) indicated transitional cell carcinoma with partial signet ring cell carcinoma. No other malignant findings in any other organs including the gastrointestinal tract were noted. Total cystectomy was performed and Indiana pouch was constructed. Histopathological staging was pT1 N0 M0. The patient died of multiple metastasis of the signet ring cell carcinoma on June 22, 1992. This is the thirty-second case of signet ring cell carcinoma of urinary bladder reported in the medical literature in Japan. We investigated 19 alive or unknown cases as follow up and briefly discussed the treatment and outcome of the primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. The outcome appeared to be somewhat better than previous reports. Total cystectomies were performed in 18 of the 32 cases (56.3%). As noted in past reports, the treatment of our patient consisted of total cystectomy. Twenty-two patients died of signet ring cell carcinoma. Recurrence to the pelvic area was observed in 18 of the 22 (81.8%) patients who died. Because of this high rate of recurrence, we recommend a thorough assessment of the pelvic area of the patients diagnosed with signet ring cell carcinoma of urinary bladder.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Ask-Upmark kidney: a case report].

A case of Ask-Upmark kidney is presented. An 18-year-old male patient referred to this facility presented with symptoms of hypertension, microscopic hematuria and proteinuria. A hormonal study revealed a high plasma renin activity level. Intravenous pyelography and abdominal computed tomography revealed thinning of the cortex with calyceal dilatation. Arteriography revealed a deep cortical groove in the middle portion of the kidney without renal arterial stenosis. Plasma renin activity of the left renal vein was significantly higher than that of the right renal vein. A left simple nephrectomy was performed under the diagnosis of Ask-Upmark kidney. Postoperatively, plasma renin activity returned to the normal range and a decrease in blood pressure was noted. Recent reports have suggested Ask-Upmark kidney to be a consequence of vesicoureteral reflux rather than a true congenital malformation. Our case indicated no evidence of vesicoureteral reflux and suggests that the lesion was congenital rather than acquired.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[A clinical study on lymph node metastasis of renal pelvic and ureteral cancers].

A clinical study was performed on 38 patients with renal pelvic and ureteral cancers who were treated in our hospital between 1977 and 1992. Nine patients (23.7%) had lymph node metastasis. The risk factors of lymph node metastasis were high grade, high stage and class IV or V or urine cytology. None of the patients with G1 or under pT1 had lymph node metastasis. The 5-year survival rate of the patients without [lymph node metastasis was 76.7% and that of the patients with lymph node metastasis was 11.1%. Although 6 of the 9 patients with G1 or G2 and under pT1 did not have adjuvant therapy, none of them died of the cancer. We concluded that lymph node metastasis in renal pelvic and ureteral cancers was the most important prognostic factor and that regional lymphadenectomy might be useful for the decision of adjuvant therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Inhibitory effects of 3'-methyl-3-hydroxy-chalcone on proliferation of human malignant tumor cells and on skin carcinogenesis.

3'-methyl-3-hydroxy-chalcone (3'Me-3-C), a derivative of chalcone, inhibited the proliferation of various kinds of human malignant tumor cells, such as HGC-27 (gastric cancer), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer) and GOTO (neuroblastoma). Flow-cytometric analysis of HGC-27 cells revealed that 3'Me-3-C perturbed the cell cycle, i.e., it delayed passage through the S phase, and/or caused arrest in the G0/G1 phase. 3'Me-3-C inhibited the binding of [6,7-3H]estradiol to type-II estrogen-binding sites dose-dependently, and altered the pattern of protein synthesis and phosphorylation, which may explain 3'Me-3-C-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. In addition, 3'Me-3-C also suppressed the promoting activity of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on skin carcinogenesis in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated mice.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗

PubMed1993

Genistein arrests cell cycle progression at G2-M.

Genistein, an isoflavone, is a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinase and topoisomerase II. However, its effect on cell growth is unknown. Therefore, we examined the effects of genistein on cell growth and cell cycle progression and compared its effects with other flavonoids. Genistein inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the growth of HGC-27 cells derived from human gastric cancer. Flow-cytometric analysis showed that genistein almost completely arrested the cell cycle progression at G2-M. This effect was reversible when genistein was removed from the culture medium. In contrast, other flavonoids such as flavone, luteolin, and the structurally similar daidzein arrested the cell cycle at G1. Consistent with the flow-cytometric analysis, microscopic observation showed that genistein did not increase the mitotic index, which supposes that genistein may arrest the cell cycle at G2 or early M. These results suggest that the G2-M arrest by genistein is a unique effect among flavonoids.

G2 Phase↗

PubMed1993

[Clinical studies of tosufloxacin on chronic bacterial prostatitis].

In a multicenter trial at 17 institutions, the usefulness of an oral dose of 300 mg of tosufloxacin (TFLX) twice a day for 14 days were assessed in the management of chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) diagnosed by Meares and Stamey method. Nineteen patients who were evaluated by the UTI criteria were chosen out of the 27 patients diagnosed with CBP. The isolated bacteria from EPS were 18 species and 27 strains. In terms of MICs of isolates, TFLX gave lower MICs than any of the control drugs (CPFX, NFLX, OFLX, CCL). In particular, this tendency was clear for gram-positive coccus and anaerobes. The bacteriological elimination rate obtained for 14 strains and 19 species was 89.5% (17/19) [GPC; 75.0% (6/8), GNR; 100% (7/7), Anaerobes; 100% (4/4)]. The overall clinical efficacy by the UTI criteria was documented in 94.7% (18/19). According to the doctor's evaluation, the overall clinical efficacy rate was 68.4%. Safety evaluation revealed the development of gastrointestinal symptoms in 3 cases, which were not serious, with an incidence rate of 4.0% (3/75), while no laboratory abnormalities were observed. Transference of TFLX into the prostate is slightly lower than in other new quinolones. However, from this study we considered that the higher antibacterial activity of TFLX is one of the reasons for its usefulness for CBP.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1993

[Clinical study of 22 cases of torsion of the spermatic cord].

We performed surgical treatment in 22 cases of torsion of the spermatic cord during the past sixteen years. Orchiopexy was performed in 9 cases, but in 13 cases orchiectomy was unavoidable. For five patients the visit to a doctor was too late. In five other cases a mistaken diagnosis was made by local medical doctors. Improvement of the success rate of orchiopexy requires that adolescents, their families and teachers should learn to recognize this disease, and doctors of other departments should recognize it as acute scrotum.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Potent preventive action of alpha-carotene against carcinogenesis: spontaneous liver carcinogenesis and promoting stage of lung and skin carcinogenesis in mice are suppressed more effectively by alpha-carotene than by beta-carotene.

Although beta-carotene has been considered to be a key cancer preventive agent in green and yellow vegetables, other types of carotenoids, such as alpha-carotene, may also contribute to anticarcinogenic action, since these carotenoids usually coexist with beta-carotene and are detectable in human blood and tissues. In this study, we compared the inhibitory effect of natural alpha-carotene, obtained from palm oil, with that of beta-carotene on spontaneous liver carcinogenesis in C3H/He male mice. The mean number of hepatomas per mouse was significantly decreased by alpha-carotene supplementation (per os administration in drinking water at a concentration of 0.05%, ad libitum) as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.001, Student's t test). On the other hand, beta-carotene, at the same dose as alpha-carotene, did not show any such significant difference from the control group. Furthermore, we also compared the antitumor-promoting activity of alpha-carotene with that of beta-carotene against two-stage mouse lung carcinogenesis (initiator, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide; promoter, glycerol). alpha-Carotene, but not beta-carotene, reduced the number of lung tumors per mouse to about 30% of that in the control group (P < 0.001, Student's t test). The higher potency of the antitumor-promoting action of alpha-carotene compared to beta-carotene was confirmed in other experimental systems; e.g., alpha-carotene was also found to have a stronger effect than beta-carotene in suppressing the promoting activity of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on skin carcinogenesis in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated mice. These results suggest that not only beta-carotene, but also other types of carotenoids, such as alpha-carotene, may play an important role in cancer prevention.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗

PubMed1992

Anti-neoplastic effect of halocynthiaxanthin, a metabolite of fucoxanthin.

We have reported that fucoxanthin, a natural carotenoid, inhibited the growth of human neuroblastoma GOTO cells. In the present study, we show that a metabolite of fucoxanthin, halocynthiaxanthin, which is isolated from sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi, has a more potent inhibitory effect. Halocynthiaxanthin (5 micrograms/ml) caused complete suppression of GOTO cell proliferation, whereas fucoxanthin reduced the growth rate by only 88.8% compared with the control, at day 2 after the drug treatment. Furthermore, halocynthiaxanthin also inhibited the growth of other human malignant tumor cells. Thus halocynthiaxanthin seems to be a promising anti-neoplastic agent.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1992

[Two cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate].

We report two cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate. A 56-year-old man underwent subcapsular prostatectomy under the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia in 1968, and was found to have mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate, which proved to be prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) positive, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) negative by immunohistochemical staining. Subsequently he received 70 Gy of irradiation to the prostate, but died in 1976, when serum PAP was elevated. Autopsy revealed metastases to the liver, lungs, bone, peritoneum, spleen, pancreas, lymph nodes, and no primary gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. The other case was a 57-year-old man, who underwent transurethral resection (TUR) for papillary tumor located just lateral to the verumontanum in 1982. The tumor was misdiagnosed as adenomatous polyp, and was PSA and PAP negative, and CEA positive. After 3 TURs of the recurrent tumor on the prostatic urethra, he underwent prostatourethrectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and cystostomy for radical cure in 1985. The specimen proved to be mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate. He suffered recurrence of the tumor in the retrovesical space in 1987, and died in 1990. Autopsy revealed no evidence of metastasis except the local recurrence and no primary gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗