Biomedical subjects

Y Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to Y Satoh.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Insulin stimulates the generation of two putative insulin mediators, inositol-glycan and diacylglycerol in BC3H-1 myocytes.

Recent evidence suggests that insulin induces hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-glycan (PI-G) and releases inositol-glycan (IG) and diacylglycerol (DAG). These two mediators are speculated to mediate different insulin actions. In this study, we examined metabolic labeling of PI-G in BC3H-1 myocytes with known precursors of PI-G. PI-G was metabolically labeled with [3H]myo-inositol, [3H]glucosamine, [3H]galactose, [3H]glycerol, and [3H]myristic acid. The treatment of 3H-labeled PI-G with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C liberated [3H]myo-inositol, [3H]glucosamine, or [3H]galactosamine-labeled IgGs, and [3H]glycerol or [3H]myristic acid-labeled DAG. In BC3H-1 myocytes, insulin induced phosphodiesteratic hydrolysis of PI-G and stimulated generation of IGs and DAG. Released IGs were labeled with [3H]myo-inositol, [3H]glucosamine, and [3H]galactose. Released DAG was labeled with [3H] glycerol and [3H]myristic acid. The IG had a dose-dependent insulin-like activity on glucose oxidation and lipogenesis without affecting glucose transport in rat adipocytes. Insulin increased 3H radioactivities of IG and insulin-mimicking activities of IG. These results provided further evidence that hydrolysis of PI-G and generation of IGs and DAG might be early steps in some insulin actions.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1991

Distribution of mouse interferon-beta in normal and brain tumour-bearing mice.

The distribution of 125I-labelled recombinant mouse interferon-beta (rMuIFN-beta) in normal and glioma (203 glioma) bearing mice was studied by radioassay and macro-autoradiography at 15 and 30 min after a single intravenous injection. The level of rMuIFN-beta in the spleen was about 20-fold higher than in serum. Concentrations higher than the serum level was detected in the lung, liver and kidney. The concentration of rMuIFN-beta in the brain was 8% of the serum level and the concentration in the glioma 30 min after administration was about 10-fold higher than in normal mouse brain. Macro-autoradiographic study demonstrated a wide distribution range and selective uptake in glioma tissue. Furthermore, we found that mouse gliomas were sensitive to mouse IFN-beta. Our findings demonstrate that in the mouse glioma model, intravenously administered interferon reaches the tumour.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Expression of a multidrug-resistance gene in human malignant lymphoma and related disorders.

The expression of mdr1 gene was measured to determine whether it plays a role in clinical resistance to chemotherapy of human malignant lymphomas. mdr1 expression was found in 4 of 9 cases resistant to chemotherapy. Expression of mdr1 was not detectable in any of 7 chemotherapy-sensitive tumors. The 2 cases of reactive lymphadenitis and the 3 samples of normal mononuclear cells did not show any expression of mdr1 gene, either. These results indicate that expression of the mdr1 gene is not always detectable in cases of malignant lymphoma resistant to chemotherapy, but the detectable expression of mdr1 gene may predict clinical resistance to chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1991

Graves' thyrotoxicosis and Moyamoya disease.

Cerebrovascular accidents due to Moyamoya disease, a disorder characterized by arterial stenosis at the base of the brain accompanied by typical net-like collateral vessels, occurred in two young Japanese women with Graves' disease when they were in thyrotoxicosis. In one patient, a second attack of cerebral infarction occurred with the recurrence of thyrotoxicosis. Association of Moyamoya disease and Graves' thyrotoxicosis is rare and the pathegenetic relationship is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Quantitative indices of dispersion of refractoriness for identification of propensity to re-entrant ventricular tachycardia in a canine model of myocardial infarction.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To identify propensity to re-entry in a canine model of 7 day old myocardial infarction, the sensitivity and specificity of five indices of dispersion of refractoriness (ERP) were investigated. DESIGN: With an epicardial patch electrode containing 47 electrodes, ERP was measured by S1-S2 method at each site overlying the infarct. ERP range, maximum adjacent dispersion, difference between mean ERPS of the infarct and normal zones, standard deviation (sigma) of the mean ERP, and sigma/mean ERP X 100 were calculated. EXPERIMENTAL MATERIAL: 42 dogs were divided into three groups; 20 dogs with epicardial functional block on induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, 10 dogs with inducible ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation but without epicardial functional block, and 12 control dogs without ventricular tachycardia, fibrillation or block. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: All five indices were significantly greater in the 20 dogs with ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation than in control dogs. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the five indices showed that sigma was the most sensitive and specific index for discriminating these 20 dogs. The sensitivity and specificity of a sigma value greater than 14 ms (the mean value plus two SD of the control dogs) were 70% and 100%, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

A case of xeroderma pigmentosum group D determined by photobiological study.

A case of xeroderma pigmentosum group D in 36-year-old woman (XP85TO) is reported. The patient had severe photosensitivity from age 4, and developed multiple basal cell epitheliomas and solar keratoses but exhibited no apparent neurological defects. A skin phototest by monochromatic ultraviolet light revealed a delayed peak of erythema 48 h after irradiation and lowered minimal erythemal doses. Unscheduled DNA synthesis induced in XP85TO cells was 36.0% in dermal fibroblasts and 32.6% in epidermal keratinocytes compared with normal cells. The XP85TO cells were sensitive to ultraviolet killing (n = 1.0, D0 = 0.80 J/m2). In complementation analysis, XP85TO cells did not complement with xeroderma pigmentosum group D cells. These results indicate that patient XP85TO had xeroderma pigmentosum group D. The Japanese group D patients including XP85TO case showed delayed onset of skin malignant tumors and neurological abnormalities, compared with the group D patients in Europe and the United States. These findings suggest a possible ethnic variation of the clinical phenotype, despite the similar repair defect and ultraviolet hyperssensitivity.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Identification of plasmid partition function in coryneform bacteria.

We have identified and characterized a partition function that is required for stable maintenance of plasmids in the coryneform bacteria Brevibacterium flavum MJ233 and Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 31831. This function is localized to a HindIII-NspV fragment (673 bp) adjacent to the replication region of the plasmid, named pBY503, from Brevibacterium stationis IFO 12144. The function was independent of copy number control and was not associated directly with plasmid replication functions. This fragment was able to stabilize the unstable plasmids in cis but not in trans.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1991

Neuropeptide-Y-immunoreactive chief cells in the carotid body of young rats.

The immunolight- and electron-microscopic study revealed neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunoreactivity in the chief cells and a few nerve fibers of the carotid body of young rats. NPY-immunoreactive chief cells were often seen as a single cell or a group of a few chief cells in the carotid body of young rats. The immunoreaction deposits were mainly seen in the dense-cored vesicles and diffusely in the cytoplasm of the chief cells. These findings suggest that NPY may be stored in the core of granules of the chief cells of the carotid body in young rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Pneumoperitoneum in a patient with lymphangiomyomatosis.

A 32-year-old Japanese housewife with a 2-year history of retroperitoneal and pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis had a sudden onset of severe abdominal pain. Chest X-ray and plain abdominal films showed free air under the diaphragm and a small pneumothorax in the left lower pleural space. Emergency laparotomy revealed no perforated viscera, but there was a rupture in the mid-portion of the left diaphragm. It appears that increasing pressure in the left pneumothorax burst the left diaphragm leading to pneumoperitoneum.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Dexamethasone-nonsuppressible cortisol in two cases with aldosterone-producing adenoma.

Forty-one patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) were subjected to a dexamethasone suppression test (DST) before surgery. Serum cortisol and urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were suppressed by dexamethasone in 39 patients [DST(+)]. In two patients (cases A and B), they were not suppressed [DST(-)]. Clinical manifestations of the two DST(-) patients were similar to those of DST(+) patients. Hypertension, hypokalemia, high serum aldosterone levels, and suppressed PRA were found in all of the patients. The cut surfaces of the adenomas from all of the patients, including cases A and B, were golden yellow, which is typical of APA. However, atrophies of the adjacent normal tissues were evident exclusively in the two DST(-) patients. After removal of the affected adrenals, the serum cortisol level was suppressed by dexamethasone in one of the DST(-) patients (case B). These findings suggested autonomous cortisol production by APA. To evaluate whether cortisol could be produced from the adenoma tissue, the presence of several steroidogenic enzymes was studied by immunohistochemistry and mRNA analysis in the adenomas and the adjacent nonneoplastic adrenals from the 2 DST(-) and 5 DST(+) patients. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that steroidogenic enzymes were expressed in APA tumor tissues from both DST(-) and DST(+) patients. In both groups, mRNAs coding steroidogenic enzymes were present not only in the nonneoplastic but also in the tumor tissues. Quantitative analysis of the mRNA levels revealed that in the adrenals from DST(+) patients, the mRNAs were more abundant in nonneoplastic tissue than in tumor tissue. However, in those from DST(-) cases, the mRNAs were much more abundant in the tumor tissues than in the nonneoplastic tissues. These results indicate that tumor cells of the two DST(-) patients autonomously synthesized not only aldosterone but also cortisol. The diameters of the tumors from the two DST(-) patients exceeded 3 cm, while those from other DST(+) patients were smaller. In patients with large APA, adrenal insufficiency should be anticipated upon removal of the tumor.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1991

Studies on nilvadipine. I. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1,4-dihydropyridines containing novel substituents at the 2-position.

The synthesis of new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives containing novel substituent at the 2-position of the nucleus via the key intermediate 2-formyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (X), is described. The aldehydes (X) were prepared by hydrolysis of the acetals (IX) which were obtained from aryl aldehyde (V) and alkyl 4,4-dialkoxyacetoacetate (VI) by the Knoevenagel reaction and treatment with alkyl 3-aminocrotonate (VIII) according to the modified Hantzsch method. The formyl group of the aldehydes (X) was reactive enough to be converted to a variety of functional groups such as hydroxymethyl, cyano, substituted iminomethyl, carbamoyl, semicarbazone, substituted vinyl, ethynyl, and so on. In all of the novel compounds we prepared, 2-hydroxymethyl- and 2-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridines (IV and XXII) were found to possess potent activities in preliminary biological evaluations on hypotension in normotensive rats and on an increase in coronary blood flow in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Optimization research in order to obtain a more potent compound was accomplished in the 2-hydroxymethyl- and 2-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridine series. We selected isopropyl 2-cyano-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine -5-carboxylate (XXIIj) as a candidate compound for further biological evaluation studies. Fortunately, XXIIj (nilvadipine) has been accepted in clinical use for the treatment of hypertension.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Re-investigation of ontogenesis of epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA in the liver of rats: quantitative evaluation of northern blot analysis.

Changes in the expression rate of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA with age in the liver of rats were examined to assess the contribution of EGF to the proliferation of hepatocytes in younger animals. Northern blot analyses with a 32P-labeled probe derived from the extracellular domain of EGFR cDNA were evaluated quantitatively by normalizing the densitometric scanning data with the relative amounts of poly(A)+ RNA in the samples. The expression of EGFR mRNA was low during the early period and increased towards the adult level after 21 days of birth. In contrast, the rate of beta-actin mRNA expression was significantly higher immediately after birth and showed a tendency to decrease with time.

Actins↗

PubMed1991

Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for castration-induced mRNAs in the rat ventral prostate.

To identify gene products involved in castration-induced involution of the rat ventral prostate, we constructed a subtraction cDNA library of the ventral prostate from rats castrated for 48 h. The library was screened with subtracted cDNA probes enriched for sequences with a low copy number expressed in intact or castrated rats. As a result of differential screening, 48 cDNA clones representing 10 different induced mRNAs were isolated. The time course of these mRNA inductions after castration was examined. Within the first 24 h after castration, the level of mRNAs for these cDNA clones was significantly increased and it reached its peak by 48-72 h after castration. Although mRNAs for these cDNA clones were expressed in various tissues from intact rats, an increase in mRNA as a response to castration was observed only in the ventral prostate. Partial sequence analyses of the 10 cDNA clones indicate that three cDNA clones represent rat glutathione S-transferase Yb-1, Yb-2 and Yb-3 subunit mRNA sequences, but for others respective homologues could not be found in a search of the GenBank database (release 67).

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Clinical course of multiple primary oral cancer: three of 13 cases with second primary tumor.

Of 124 patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas treated during the past 14 years, 13 developed second primary cancers with clinical symptoms in the same tissues or in organs different from those of the initial lesions during follow-up. The second primary tumors also appeared in the oral cavity in 3 of the patients, the hypopharynx in 1, the esophagus in 2, the stomach in 2, the colon in 1, the thyroid gland in 2 and the lung in 2. Of the 3 patients with second tumors in the oral cavity, 1 underwent surgery after chemo- and radiotherapy and 2 underwent laser surgery or chemo- and radiotherapy only. The second primary cancers appeared on the contralateral or ipsilateral side, completely separate from the sites of the primary lesions during a period of 1 to 3 years. One patient with triple cancers involving the oral cavity, esophagus and hypopharynx is still alive after 15 years. The other two patients died of cervical or lung metastases after 3 years.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical significance and usefulness of measuring nocturnal penile tumescence in children].

Nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) is a physiological phenomena that is recognized in almost all normal males. This paper presents a study of NPT and the relation of this phenomenon to age, sexual maturation and physical growth in children. In 30 subjects, ranging from 3 to 18 years old, NPT was measured continuously throughout the night. The following results were obtained: 1. The frequency of NPT had a tendency to increase with age with a maximum frequency at 13 or 14 years of age, although the frequency ranged widely. 2. The maximum increase in penile circumference was below 10 mm in all cases below 10 years of age but was greater in children over 12 years old. 3. Tumescence time and percent tumescence time [tumescence time (min.)/sleep period time (min.)] x 100) was greater in children of over 12 years of age. Percent tumescence time showed a positive correlation with serum LH. Percent tumescence time was clearly higher in children with LH pulse, which indicates the onset of puberty, than in those without it. 4. These results suggest that NPT measurement in children can predict the onset of puberty, when coupled with endocrinological findings.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Transurethral intracavitary irradiation for carcinoma of the prostate].

This paper describes a new technique and preliminary clinical results of remote after-loading transurethral irradiation for cancer of the prostate. As of January 1986, twelve patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate have been treated by our radiotherapy technique. Clinically, 3 patients were in stage B2, 3 in stage C, 3 in stage D1 and 3 in stage D2. These patients have been followed up for 13 to 33 months with a median follow-up period of 20.6 months. The dose of transurethral irradiation was 9-10 Gy. to the prostatic capsule and about 2 Gy. to the rectum in one procedure. We repeated this radiotherapy 3 to 4 times within an about 1-month period. Three patients in stage D1 and one patient in stage C received an additional external beam radiation (40 Gy.) to the entire pelvis. A needle biopsy was also performed every 4-6 months after irradiation. Local tumor response proved rapid and satisfactory as verified by a rectal examination and ultrasonography. The biopsies revealed a 70% negative rate within one year. The most common side effect was transient frequency observed in 7 patients. Severe complications such as incontinence, urethral stricture, or proctitis were not evident. This study suggests that intracavitary irradiation of cancer of the prostate is effective and safe. This method may have wider application.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[Transrectal hyperthermia for benign prostatic hyperplasia].

The PRIMUS system was designed as a dedicated microwave hyperthermia system for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Completed cases were 36 patients. Hyperthermia was subjectively effective in 31 patients (86%), but no appreciable changes were noted with regard to the size of the prostate. Side effects occurred in 10 of the evaluable 49 cases (20%). However, no severe side effects were recognized except in one case. The effective ratio revealed 25 of 36 cases (69%). Therefore, transrectal prostatic hyperthermia would be a useful method especially in cases of BPH with severe complications.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[A clinical study on cefdinir 10% granule in pediatrics].

Clinical evaluations of cefdinir (CFDN) 10% granule were carried out. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Clinical responses to CFDN of 23 patients with pediatric infections were excellent in 11 and good in 8. The overall efficacy rate was 82.6%. 2. Bacteriologically, the eradication rate for 23 strains of bacteria identified to be pathogens was evaluated and was 82.6%. 3. Side effects observed were diarrhea in 2 of 25 patients. The incidence was 8.0%. Abnormal laboratory test results observed included 2 cases with elevation of GOT and 1 case with elevation of GPT. These results suggest that CFDN 10% granule, as well as 5% granule, may be a very useful and safe drug for the treatment of pediatric infections.

Administration, Oral↗