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Biomedical subjects

Y Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to Y Satoh.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Laboratory and clinical studies on S-1108 in the pediatric field].

Laboratory and Clinical Studies on S-1108, a new oral cephem antibiotic, were carried out to evaluate its usefulness at a dose between 2 and 4 mg/kg a day for 7 to 14 days in the pediatric field. 1) Pharmacokinetic studies S-1108 at a dose of 2 mg/kg was administered to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters in 1 subject. Cmax, T1/2 and AUC were 0.69 hour, 1.42 hours and 2.15 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively. 2) Antimicrobial activities MICs against various clinically isolated organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Branhamella catarrhalis, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae) were determined. The MIC values of S-1006 were similar to those of cefteram, the MICs against S. pyogenes, and H. influenzae were < or = 0.025 and 0.10 microgram/ml, respectively. 3) Clinical studies S-1108 was administered to patients with various pediatrics infections in 34 cases (upper respiratory tract infections: 12 cases, lower respiratory tract infections: 5 cases, urinary tract infections: 9 cases, skin and soft tissue infection: 6 cases, otitis media: 2 cases). Clinical efficacy rate was evaluated according to "Standard of clinical evaluation in pediatrics field". The responses were all good or excellent. 4) Side reactions There were no serious adverse reactions in any cases. The above results suggest that S-1108 is potent effective and safe agent in the pediatric field at a dose between 2-4 mg/kg (t.i.d.) a day.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1993

Our technique of parathyroid autotransplantation in operation for papillary thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: For papillary thyroid carcinoma, we have used our standard operative method consisting of total thyroidectomy, bilateral lymph node dissection, and parathyroid autotransplantation. Our special parathyroid transplantation method involves transplantation of the minced glands into the pectoralis major muscle. We investigated whether this method is useful for preserving parathyroid function. METHODS: In 17 patients who underwent our standard operation for papillary thyroid carcinoma, the intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium levels were determined for 4 weeks after the operation. RESULTS: In all cases the intact PTH levels fell below detectable limits immediately after operation and then recovered to the preoperative level about 2 weeks after the operation. The same recovery patterns were observed in two groups undergoing transplantation of two glands and three or four glands. CONCLUSIONS: These recovery patterns of intact PTH levels seem to indicate that the glands were grafted successfully and recovered their function. Our method is thought to be useful for preserving parathyroid function after surgery.

Calcium↗
PubMed1993

[A clinical study on cefditoren pivoxil in pediatrics].

Clinical evaluations of cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI, ME 1207) in granules were carried out. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Thirty-nine patients with pediatric infections were treated with CDTR-PI. Clinical responses of 36 assessable cases were excellent in 25, good in 9 and fair in 2. The overall efficacy rate was 94%. 2. Bacteriologically, 30 of the 31 identified bacteria presumed to be pathogens were eradicated and the eradication rate was 97%. 3. Side effects observed were diarrhea in 3 of 39 patients. The incidence was 7.7%. Abnormal laboratory test results were not observed. The results suggested that CDTR-PI might be a very useful and safe drug for the treatment of pediatric infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung].

DNA ploidy and DNA content of two surgically resected sclerosing hemangioma of the lungs were examined by flow cytometry. Cell kinetics were analyzed by using DNA index and the proliferation index. Both cases were diploid, and their proliferation indices were 22.91 and 25.53, respectively, suggesting that they are benign tumors.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1993

[A case of complete remission of breast cancer with bilateral multiple lung metastases by combination therapy of MPA, THP, CPM and 5-FU].

A 55-year-old female was admitted for right breast tumor with multiple bilateral lung metastases. Modified radical mastectomy (Auchincloss method) was carried out. And the combination chemoendocrine therapy was undertaken using CPA 100 mg p.o. days 1-18, THP 40 mg i.v. days 1, 8, 5-FU 500 mg i.v. days 1, 8 and MPA 1,200 mg p.o. daily. One month later, the lung metastases completely disappeared on chest CT gram. Nine courses of chemotherapy with the same drugs were undertaken intravenously every four weeks. This therapy has been continuously effective for one and half years now. These results suggested the importance of a severe adjuvant therapy for the initial phase of advanced breast cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Acute electrolyte disturbances in coronary sinus during left coronary arteriography in man.

Electrolyte disturbances, particularly reduction of ionized calcium, induced by iodinated contrast media (CM) are important considerations in coronary arteriography. A study was conducted in 24 patients to evaluate the acute electrolyte alterations in the coronary sinus during left coronary arteriography. During left coronary arteriography, coronary sinus blood was withdrawn for measurement of electrolytes. The CM used were diatrizoate, ioxaglate, iohexol, and iopamidol. The hematocrit was decreased moderately by all 4 CM used at 5 s and returned to the control level at 15 s. The level of ionized calcium was decreased by all CM at 5 s. Prolonged reduction of ionic calcium was observed with diatrizoate and ioxaglate at 15 s. The level of potassium was almost unchanged by diatrizoate and ioxaglate in spite of hemodilution, which may lead us to a hypothesis that potassium can be released from the intracellular spaces such as red blood cells and vascular endothelial cells. Thus the depression of left ventricular function might be caused not only by reduction of ionized calcium, but also by a relative increase in the level of serum potassium.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Human parvovirus B19-induced aplastic crisis in an elderly man with intestinal hemorrhage].

An elderly man with an intestinal hemorrhage from bowel diverticulosis developed human parvovirus B19-induced aplastic crisis. A 71-year-old man noticed occasional tarry stools and at the same time showed fever, arthralgia and severe anemia. Blood counts revealed Hgb 5.3g/dl, reticulocytes 0%, and WBC 1,900/microliters. Bone marrow examination showed hypocellular marrow with rare erythroid precursors (4.8%). A few giant proerythroblasts were found in the bone marrow smears. A diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection was made because of detection of B19-specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Parvovirus B19 infection should be carefully checked for in patients with hemorrhage as well as those with hemolysis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[MR imaging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma--comparative study with CT].

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 18 cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma were evaluated to compare the effectiveness of Gd-DTPA with that of high dose contrast enhancement computed tomography (HCE-CT) in detecting the primary tumor. The primary tumor was demonstrated as having slightly low intensity compared with liver parenchyma and high intensity compared with the dilated bile duct on T1 weighted images. In contrast, MRI using Gd-DTPA, which was carried out in five cases, revealed intense enhancement of the tumor. As the differentiation between cholangiocarcinoma and dilated bile duct was difficult, it was concluded that the use of Gd-DTPA improves the efficacy of MRI in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma. Gd-DTPA was also effective in differentiating the growth pattern of the tumor: the infiltrating type was demonstrated as thickening of the wall of the bile duct, the polypoid type as a soft tissue mass in the bile duct. Contrast MRI study is effective for the detection of cholangiocarcinoma. It is also expected to be effective in the staging diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1992

Bethanechol and a G-protein activator, NaF/AlCl3, induce secretory response in Paneth cells of mouse intestine.

Paneth cells located at the bottom of intestinal crypts may play a role in controlling the bacterial milieu of the intestine. Using morphometry to clarify the secretory mechanism of the Paneth cells, we studied the ultrastructural changes in mouse Paneth cells produced following intra-arterial perfusion with Hanks' balanced salt solution containing a cholinergic muscarinic secretagogue (bethanechol), a neuroblocking agent (tetrodotoxin), or a G-protein activator (NAF/AlCl3). Bethanechol (2 x 10(-4) mol/l) induced Paneth-cell secretion. Many Paneth cells massively exocytosed their secretory material into the crypt lumen; the enhanced secretion caused degranulation and vacuole formation. However, tetrodotoxin (2 x 10(-6) mol/l) did not prevent the bethanechol-enhanced secretion by the Paneth cells. NaF (1 x 10(-2) mol/l) and AlCl3 (1 x 10(-5) mol/l) induced massive exocytosis of the Paneth cells; the exocytotic figures were similar to those observed in mice stimulated by bethanechol. G-protein activation was followed by a sequence of intracellular events, resulting in exocytosis.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1992

Primary structure of chain I of the heterodimeric hemoglobin from the blood clam Barbatia virescens.

The blood clam Barbatia virescens has a heterodimeric hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Interestingly, the congeneric clams B. reeveana and B. lima contain quite different hemoglobins: tetramer and polymeric hemoglobin consisting of unusual didomain chain. The complete amino acid sequence of chain I of B. virescens has been determined. The sequence was mainly determined from CNBr peptides and their subpeptides, and the alignment of the peptides was confirmed by sequencing of PCR-amplified cDNA for B. virescens chain I. The cDNA-derived amino acid sequence matched completely with the sequence proposed from protein sequencing. B. virescens chain I is composed of 156 amino acid residues, and the molecular mass was calculated to be 18,387 D, including a heme group. The sequence of B. virescens chain I showed 35-42% sequence identity with those of the related clam Anadara trapezia and the congeneric clam B. reeveana. An evolutionary tree for Anadara and Barbatia chains clearly indicates that all of the chains are evolved from one ancestral globin gene, and that the divergence of chains has occurred in each clam after the speciation. The evolutionary rate for clam hemoglobins was estimated to be about four times faster than that of vertebrate hemoglobin. We suggest that blood clam hemoglobin is a physiologically less important molecule when compared with vertebrate hemoglobins, and so it evolved rapidly and resulted in a remarkable diversity in quaternary and subunit structure within a relatively short period.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

C-erbB-2 protein in the sera of breast cancer patients.

The c-erbB-2 protein was measured in sera of patients with breast cancer or benign breast diseases to study the significance of this protein as a tumor marker. The mean value and positive rate for this protein (assuming 20U/ml as the cut-off value) were 11.8 U/ml (0%) in benign breast disease (n = 30), 11.8 U/ml (3.1%) in stage I/II primary breast cancer (n = 64), 38.2 U/ml (29.4%) in stage III/IV primary breast cancer (n = 17), 17.9 U/ml (33.3%) in locally recurrent breast cancer (n = 12), 298.4 U/ml (51.0%) in recurrent breast cancer with distant metastases (n = 51), and 12.9 U/ml (0%) in those with no evidence of recurrence (n = 57). Thus, the serum c-erbB-2 protein level was significantly higher in the distant metastatic group. In patients with distant metastases, there was a close association between expression of c-erbB-2 protein in the primary tumor and the serum c-erbB-2 protein level. On the basis of these results, serum c-erbB-2 protein was thought to be useful as a tumor marker for postoperative monitoring of breast cancer, especially in patients positive for expression of this protein in primary cancer tissue.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Cerebral cortical amyloid protein precursor mRNA expression is similar in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.

The expression of 3 beta-amyloid protein precursor (APP) mRNAs (695, 751, and 770) in the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases was analyzed by the S1 nuclease protection assay. We found no significant Alzheimer's disease-specific alteration of APP mRNA expression when compared to the other neurological diseases as controls. Since the expression of this mRNA was not correlated with amyloid deposition, it is possible that gliosis/neuronal loss may secondarily alter APP mRNA expression. However, the current study revealed no significant correlation between them.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effects of amylin on insulin secretion from Rin m5F cells and glycogen synthesis and lipogenesis in rat primary cultured hepatocytes.

The purpose of the study was to determine the physiological actions of amylin, a novel 37-amino acid peptide isolated from pancreatic islet amyloid deposits. Our results showed that an infusion of amylin reduced fasting plasma insulin levels and impaired glucose tolerance in mice. Amylin significantly reduced insulin secretion in rat insulinoma cell lines (Rin m5F cells) that were stimulated by either isoproterenol and forskolin, but it did not affect insulin secretion stimulated by isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX) or dibutyryl cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (db-cAMP). Amylin also reduced cAMP levels in Rin m5F cells in response to isoproterenol, but did not affect cAMP levels in cells pretreated with pertussis toxin. These results suggest that the reduction of cAMP by amylin may be mediated through pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi proteins. Amylin significantly reduced basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in rat primary cultured hepatocytes. Amylin stimulated basal and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Amylin did not affect DNA synthesis in hepatocytes. These results suggest that amylin conducts dispersion actions on in vivo glucose metabolism in rat, and in vitro insulin secretion from Rin m5F cells and metabolism in rat hepatocytes.

Acetates↗
PubMed1992

Three nonsense mutations responsible for group A xeroderma pigmentosum.

The molecular basis of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) group A was studied and 3 nonsense mutations of the XP-A complementing gene (XPAC) were identified. One was a nucleotide transition altering the Arg-228 codon (CGA) to a nonsense codon (TGA). This transition creates a new cleavage site for the restriction endonuclease HphI. Of 21 unrelated Japanese XP-A patients examined, 1 (XP39OS) was a homozygote for this mutation and 3 were compound heterozygotes for this mutation and for the splicing mutation of intron 3 reported previously which is the most common mutation in Japanese patients and creates a new cleavage site for the restriction endonuclease AlwNI. The second mutation was a nucleotide transition altering the Arg-207 codon (CGA) to a nonsense codon (TGA). A Palestinian patient (XP12RO) who had severe symptoms of XP was homozygous for this mutation. The third mutation was a nucleotide transversion altering the Tyr-116 codon (TAT) to a nonsense codon (TAA). This transversion creates a new cleavage site for the restriction endonuclease MseI. Of the Japanese patients, 2 with severe clinical symptoms had this mutant allele. One was a compound heterozygote for this mutation and for the splicing mutation, and the other was heterozygous for this mutation and homozygous for the splicing mutation. Although most XP-A patients such as XP12RO have severe skin symptoms and neurological abnormalities of the de Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome, patient XP39OS was an atypical XP-A patient who had mild skin symptoms and minimal neurological abnormalities. Our results suggest that the clinical heterogeneity in XP-A is due to different mutations in the XPAC gene. Moreover, our data indicate that almost all Japanese cases of XP-A are caused by one or more of the 3 mutations, i.e., the splicing mutation of intron 3 and the 2 nonsense mutations of codons 116 and 228. Therefore, by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified DNA sequences using the 3 restriction enzymes described above, rapid and reliable diagnosis of XP-A can be achieved in almost all Japanese subjects including prenatal cases and carriers.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Age-related decline of cerebral oxygen metabolism in normal population detected with positron emission tomography.

Using positron emission tomography (PET), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were measured in 32 healthy volunteers aged from 27 to 67 years. In bilateral putamen, left supratemporal, left infrafrontal and left parietal cortices, CMRO2 showed a significant decline during aging. The age-related decline of CBF was seen only at the left superior temporal cortex. The mean CMRO2 was significantly lower in the elder group (over 51 years old) than in the younger group (under 50 years old), whereas no significant difference in mean CBF between the two groups. The poor correlation of CBF to the age could be explained partly by the fact that CBF is easily influenced by the physiological, psychological and/or environmental factors. The age-related changes of CMRO2 were more marked in the association cortices of the left hemisphere than in that of the right hemisphere.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Strong immunoreactivity of cathepsin L at the site of rimmed vacuoles in diseased muscles.

Skeletal muscle samples from four patients with myopathies showing autophagic vacuole formation were examined by immunohistochemical, biochemical and immunoblot analyses. Immunochemical studies demonstrated strongly positive reactions of cathepsins B and L in and around the rimmed vacuoles and weak reactions in intramyofibral portions of degenerating muscle fibres. Faint staining of cathepsin H was also seen at the sites of rimmed vacuoles. Biochemical analyses showed increased activity of cathepsin B and L in muscle specimens from the patients with rimmed vacuole formation. However, there was no remarkable cathepsin H activity in the muscle specimens from these patients. Cathepsin L immunoblot analysis of muscle extracts showed three bands with molecular masses of 30 kDa, 36 kDa and 39 kDa. The immunostaining of cathepsin L from patients with rimmed vacuole formation was stronger than that of normal controls. Cathepsin B immunoblot analysis showed only faint bands in samples from patients with rimmed vacuole formation and normal controls. This study demonstrated, for the first time, strong immunoreactivity of cathepsin L at the sites of rimmed vacuoles. Possible mechanisms of rimmed vacuole formation are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Xeroderma pigmentosum: recent clinical and photobiological aspects.

In Japan, more than 400 patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) have been registered. The major groups are XP-A and variant, while clinically mild types of XP with intermediate levels of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) have recently been increasing. The classical type of XP-A and some of the XP-D patients exhibit neurologic abnormalities. XP individuals display a marked increase in the frequency of skin malignancy. Development of skin malignancies appears to be related to the level of DNA repair capacity; the lower the capacity, the earlier and more frequently the skin tumors develop. Furthermore, the incidence of internal malignancy in XP patients is at least ten times higher than that for the Japanese general population over the age of 40 years. Cultured fibroblasts from XP patients exhibit higher sensitivity not only to UVC but also to UVB. The cellular sensitivity to UVB may correlate to photosensitivity in vivo from a study on a group E patient who showed age-related changes in photosensitivity and cellular sensitivity to UVB. We have also reviewed current status of molecular genetics in XP.

Adult↗