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Y Sato

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sato.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Prognosis of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis and utility of Ishibashi's classification].

PURPOSE: Prognostic evaluations of eyes with endogenous fungal endophthalmitis were made according to the classification proposed by Ishibashi. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We surveyed endogenous fungal endophthalmitis cases at four Nihon University Hospitals and 20 branch hospitals. Sixty eyes of 34 patients were classified into five stages according to Ishibashi's proposal, and therapeutic methods and visual prognosis in each stage were then evaluated. RESULTS: Systemic antifungal drugs were efficacious in 82% of stage II and 69% of stage IIIa cases. Even among stage III b cases, antifungal drugs were efficacious in 42%. Among the unresponsive cases, only half had been given the maximum dosage of antifungal drugs. Half of the eyes in which vitrectomy was performed at stage III b achieved a postoperative visual acuity of 0.5 or better and none had a visual acuity of less than 0.03. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, we concluded that systemic antifungal drugs should be administered at the maximum dosage in stage II and III a cases. If these eyes progress to stage III b despite the maximum dosage, vitrectomy is indicated. For stage III b eyes, the maximum dosage should be administered first. If the maximum dosage is not efficacious, vitrectomy should be carried out before progression to stage IV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Intratracheal gas analysis for volatile substances by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry--application to forensic autopsies.

Intratracheal gas analysis was carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in 20 burned body cases (13 males and 7 females). Volatile aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons were detected by GC/MS using a GS-Q column with the intratracheal gas as well as the blood in 19 cases. The characteristic patterns of mass chromatograms for gasoline, kerosene (gas oil), and liquid petroleum gas could be differentiated from each other using the intratracheal gas. The burned body in one case showed no presence of volatile substances in the intratracheal gas, nor intratracheal soot, although high concentrations (1 microg/g and more) of volatile substances were detected on the clothes. The victim also had normal CO-Hb concentrations (0.1 to 0.2%) in the heart blood. The results of intratracheal gas analysis were consistent with signs of the vital reaction. In conclusion, intratracheal gas analysis provides a supportive method for diagnosing the cause of death in burned bodies, and yields for at least 48 hours valuable information on volatile hydrocarbons (being detected in deliberate or accidental fire cases) to which the body had been exposed just before death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[A case of free-floating ball thrombus in left atrium with mitral stenosis].

We report a rare case of free-floating ball thrombus in the left atrium with mitral stenosis. The patient was 71-year-old woman who admitted to the local hospital for transient ischemic attack. Electrocardiography showed atrial fibrillation and an echocardiogram examination revealed free-floating ball thrombus in the left atrium with mitral stenosis. She was transferred to our hospital for emergency open heart operation. After removal of the ball thrombus, mitral valve replacement and modified MAZE procedure were successfully performed. The size of the ball thrombus was 40 x 30 x 33 mm and weighed 20 g. Postoperative course was uneventful.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Generalized tonic-clonic seizure induced by propofol in a patient with epilepsy].

A 47-year-old female was scheduled for ulnar osteotomy under general anesthesia combined with brachial plexus block. She had a history of symptomatic epilepsy due to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Immediately after giving 100 mg bolus of propofol to the patient, she developed generalized convulsion similar to a grand mal. The seizure was suppressed by the administration of thiamylal. After that no further convulsive attack occurred. Although it has been known that propofol has anticonvulsive properties, there have been several reported cases of seizure following the administration of propofol. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of seizure induced by propofol in the patients with epilepsy.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed2001

[Shortening the duration of prone positioning after macular hole surgery--comparison between one week and one day].

PURPOSE: We shortened the duration of prone positioning after macular hole surgery from one week to one day and evaluated the initial hole closure rate. SUBJECT AND METHOD: The first group included 34 eyes of 33 patients who underwent surgery between April 1998 and August 1999. All 33 patients were instructed to maintain the prone position for one week after surgery (one week group). The second group included 21 eyes of 21 patients who underwent surgery between September 1999 and March 2000. These 21 patients were told to maintain the prone position for 24 hours after surgery (one day group). The indication for surgery was eyes with the reported onset of symptoms within 6 months and without long-standing macular holes. Eyes which underwent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) or internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal were excluded from the study. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were combined in patients with phakic eyes. In the one day group, the patients were instructed to avoid the face up position for one week. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of preoperative factors, and initial hole closure rates (i.e., 91.2% in the one week and 90.5% in the one day groups). CONCLUSION: These results suggests that the duration of prone positioning after macular hole surgery can be reduced to as little as 24 hours without RPE or ILM removal in eyes without long-standing holes.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Blood flow in retinal vessels of normal-tension glaucoma with or without a history of optic disc hemorrhages].

PURPOSE: To evaluate blood flow in retinal vessels of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) with or without a history of optic disc hemorrhages (DH) and compare it with that in non-glaucomatous eyes using scanning laser fluorescein video angiography. METHODS: We enrolled 14 eyes of 14 NTG patients with a history of DH (DH (+) group), 12 eyes of 12 NTG patients without history of DH (DH (-) group), and 10 eyes from 10 non-glaucomatous patients matched for age, intraocular pressure, and systemic blood pressure. No statistically significant difference was observed between the DH (+) and DH (-) groups of NTG in the global indices of the Humphrey visual field. Fluorescein angiography was performed using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope with an argon blue laser. A series of approximately 100 consecutive video images at 1/2 second intervals from just before the dye appearance in the central retinal artery was loaded into an external personal computer system. Based on this acquired image series, we obtained fluorescein filling curves for 10 x 10 pixel measuring areas placed on each of the superior-temporal and inferior-temporal branch retinal arteries and veins at 1/5 papillary diameter from the disc edge. In each vessel, time to the highest fluorescein intensity (peak time, sec) and the time constant of the filling curve (tau, sec) were obtained. Time difference between the peak times in vein and artery (peak time difference) was also calculated. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups in the peak time of inferior-temporal artery and vein, and superior-temporal vein (ANOVA, p < 0.01). Also there were statistically significant differences in the tau of all vessels (ANOVA, p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the peak time differences. By multivariate analysis, the DH (+) and DH (-) groups of NTG showed significantly longer peak times and tau s than did the non-glaucomatous eyes (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in any parameters between the DH (+) and DH (-) groups of NTG. CONCLUSIONS: In NTG, dye filling rate in both the central retinal arteries and veins seems to be delayed. However, this delay does not differ between DH (+) and DH (-) groups.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Mediastinal cystic lesions: CT and MRI findings].

In this article we describe various approaches to the evaluation of mediastinal cystic lesions using CT and MRI. Although cystic lesions generally appear to be uncomplicated and not difficult to diagnose, we consider that there are certain pitfalls in differentiating them from solid lesions. It is important to pay careful attention to the location (including ectopic occurrence), CT attenuation and/or MR intensity, thickness of the wall, tear-drop shape or alternation of shape owing to intrathoracic pressure, and pseudoenhancement. We suggest that MR be recommended when the findings of CT are equivocal, as they were in 32 of our cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Vitrectomy for diabetic cystoid macular edema].

PURPOSE: We evaluated the visual outcome of vitrectomy for diabetic cystoid macular edema. METHODS: Visual outcome and factors which may influence final visual acuity were assessed and documented retrospectively in 45 eyes of 40 patients, all of whom were followed for at least 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Final postoperative visual acuity was two or more lines better than preoperative visual acuity in 58%, within one line in 40%, and had decreased by two lines or more in 2%. A final postoperative visual acuity of 0.5 or better was achieved in 38%. Preoperative visual acuity and the extent of the cystoid space on fluorescein angiography were significantly related to final visual acuity. A final postoperative visual acuity of 0.5 or better was noted in 8% of eyes with a preoperative visual acuity below 0.1, in 50% of eyes with preoperative visual acuity of 0.1 or better, in 71% of eyes with a cystoid space smaller than 5 disc areas, and in 20% of eyes with a cystoid space of 5 disc areas or more. The posterior vitreous membrane condition did not influence final visual acuity. There were no complications which decreased visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, we conclude that diabetic cystoid macular edema is a good indication for vitrectomy regardless of the posterior vitreous membrane condition. A preoperative visual acuity of 0.1 or better and/or a cystoid space smaller than 5 disc areas may be indications for surgery aimed at achieving a final postoperative visual acuity of 0.5 or better.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Fundamental study on the sensitivity test inhibiting fibroblast proliferation].

Although many kinds of chemosensitivity test are available for the selection of suitable anticancer agents, the results of in vitro tests against solid tumors have been generally influenced by mixed in fibroblasts, as have SDI tests. We demonstrated that the influence of fibroblasts can be excluded by performing the SDI test on an agar layer, thus significantly inhibiting the growth of fibroblasts in the liquid top layer. The sensitivity of the agar SDI test was determined on the 3-4th day after incubation because cell proliferation tended to be delayed, and there were also somewhat higher cell counts of about 40,000 per well. The inhibition indices with and without agar in vitro were the same, showing no significant differences. With nude mice, the transplanted tumor index value of the agar SDI test is higher than that of SDI, and approaches in value the SDI of a pure tumor cell, which means that the sensitivity of a solid tumor might be more accurately shown by an agar SDI test than by an SDI test.

Agar↗
PubMed2001

[Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy sub-classification and glycemic control--relationship between mean hemoglobin A1C value and development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy].

PURPOSE: We evaluated the relationship between long-term glycemic control and the proportion of patients developing proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) in cases of mild preproliferative diabetic retinopathy(PPDR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the relationship between the mean hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) value during a period of at least 2 years and the proportion of patients developing PDR in cases of mild PPDR, based on our previously proposed subclassification. RESULTS: During follow-up, 27% of all cases developed PDR. The mean HbA1C value in these cases was 9.4%, which was significantly higher than the 7.6% in cases which had not developed PDR. The proportion of patients developing PDR was 48% in cases with a mean HbA1C value 8.6% or more. In contrast, the proportion was 8% in cases with a mean HbA1C value below 8.6%. It was estimated that the proportion of patients developing PDR will approximately double if the mean HbA1C value increases by one percent. The cumulative occurrence rates of PDR at two, 5, and 10 years were estimated to be 5, 28, and 60% in cases with a mean HbA1C value 8.6% or more and 0, 7, and 10% in cases with a mean HbA1C value below 8.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, we conclude that more strict systemic and ophthalmological control is indicated for patients with a mean HbA1C value exceeding 8.6%.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The sub-classification and long-term prognosis of preproliferative diabetic retinopathy].

PURPOSE: We followed eyes with preproliferative diabetic retinopathy(PPDR) for 2 or more years, and then evaluated the proportion of patients developing proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) and the period from diagnosis of PPDR until development of PDR. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We divided 95 eyes affected by PPDR into 75 eyes with mild type and 20 eyes with moderate type based on our previously proposed sub-classification, and evaluated the long-term prognosis of 2 or more. RESULTS: The proportion developing PDR was 24% in mild type and 60% in moderate type. The average period from diagnosis of PPDR until development of PDR was 6 years and 5 months in the mild type and 2 years in the moderate type. The accumulative occurrence rates of PDR at two, 5, and 10 years were estimated to be 0%, 14%, and 39% in the mild type and 35%, 58%, and 79% in the moderate type, respectively. The proportion developing PDR was significantly higher and the average period until PDR development significantly shorter in the moderate than in the mild type. In mild type eyes, the rate of progression to moderate type was 56% and further progression from moderate type to PDR was noted in 43%. CONCLUSION: The above results again verify the usefulness of our sub-classification, and also provide useful information about the long-term prognosis of PPDR.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Aortic valve repair of congenital bicuspid aortic valve associated with aneurysm of the ascending aorta.

Two unusual cases of congenital bicuspid aortic valve associated with aneurysm of the ascending aorta are reported. One patient with a 7-cm ascending aortic dilatation and aortic regurgitation (AR) (II/IV), and another with a 6-cm ascending aorta and AR (III/IV), presented for treatment. Replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic valve repair were performed in both cases. Aortic valve repair included resection of the raphe, leaflet plication and subcommissural annuloplasty. Both patients had satisfactory results in the early postoperative period. Despite the promising outcomes after surgery in these patients, long-term changes in valve function and durability remain unknown. Additional close observation and monitoring are required before the procedure can be recommended as the standard of care.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[DNA vaccine].

DNA vaccine involves the injection of plasmid DNA encoding an antigen under the control of an eukaryotic promoter, and results in cellular and humoral immune responses to the plasmid DNA-encoded antigen. The immune response induced by DNA vaccine usually has a T-helper-1(Th1) bias through a potent Th1-promoting adjuvant effect of immunostimulatory DNA sequences with CpG motifs present in plasmid DNA. It has been demonstrated that volunteers who were vaccinated with plasmid DNA encoding a malaria protein or a human immunodeficiency virus protein developed antigen-specific, human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-restricted, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs) The demonstration in humans of the induction of CD8+ CTLs by DNA vaccines, including CTLs, provides a foundation for further clinical application of this potentially revolutionary vaccine technology.

Antigen Presentation↗