Mast cell and basophil number in the airway correlate with the bronchial responsiveness of asthmatics.
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Asthma↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Sano
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HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) in Tokushima Prefecture--geographical and clinical studies in an area between endemic and non-endemic areas of HTLV-I infection.
The geographic distribution and clinical features of patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) in Tokushima prefecture were investigated. Nine patients were found prior to December 1990. The minimal prevalence was estimated as 1.1 per 100,000 in the general population, and 1 per 1,309 in HTLV-I-seropositive persons. Seven patients were found in the southern district facing the Pacific Ocean, but only 1 patient each was found in the northern and western districts. The age at disease onset ranged from 15 to 53 yr (average 33 yr). The ratio of male to female patients was 1:8. Adult T cell leukemia was associated with HAM in 1 patient, and Hashimoto's disease in 2 patients. These cases have not been reported previously. The route of transmission of HTLV-I was concluded to be vertical in 4 patients and horizontal in 4 patients, but was uncertain in 1 patient. No evidence of transmission by blood transfusion was found in these patients.
Adult↗
Monocular diplopia related to asymmetric corneal topography after laser in situ keratomileusis.
PURPOSE: To show a specific relationship between monocular diplopia and corneal refractive asymmetry after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: One hundred thirty-eight eyes of 98 patients who underwent LASIK for myopia between -2.12 and -17.75 D were examined under room-lighted conditions. We examined 51 eyes at 2 weeks, 46 eyes at 3 months, 32 eyes at 6 months, and 9 eyes at 1 year after LASIK. We attempted to correlate the presence of monocular diplopia with their corneal topographical features. RESULTS: Eight eyes of five patients (five eyes at 2 weeks, three eyes at 3 months after LASIK) produced symptoms of monocular diplopia. These symptomatic patients had a common corneal topographical feature caused by decentralized or inhomogeneous ablation. Every pupillary area in the patients' topographies contained steeper and flatter areas. The range of refractive power variation in these asymmetric areas was at least 1.50 D. The location of the secondary image correlated with the direction of the steeper area in all eight eyes. Pinhole viewing eliminated or reduced the prominence of secondary images in every case. CONCLUSION: Monocular diplopia following LASIK appears to correlate with postoperative corneal refractive power variation inside the pupillary area, caused by decentralized or inhomogeneous ablation.
Adult↗
The production of antraquinones in callus cultures of Cassia tora.
Callus cultures were extablished from the seedlings of Cassia tora on a chemically defined medium supplemented with 2, 4-D and kinetin. A phytochemical investigation of callus tissues demonstrated the presence of chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, and an unidentified pigment, all of which are contained in the seeds of the original plant. The maximum content of antraquinones on a fresh weight basis was 0.334 percent, which is higher than the content of total anthraquinones in the dry seeds. Furthermore, it was shown that the production of these compounds is influenced by the concentrations of auxin and cytokinin supplied to the culture medium.
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
Video assisted thoracoscopic and cardioscopic radiofrequency Maze ablation.
The authors examined the feasibility of transthoracic radio frequency Maze ablation of atrial fibrillation using video assisted thoracoscopy and cardioscopy in the experimental setting of a beating porcine heart. In six pigs under general anesthesia, the left atrium was viewed using a video assisted thoracoscopy system (VATS), and radiofrequency linear ablation of the left atrial wall was carried out using a radiofrequency ablation catheter (HAT200S:OSYPKA) inserted through a trocar port. The right atrium was also ablated in the same manner under VATS. In six other pigs, intravenous radiofrequency ablation by cardioscopic catheter device was carried out. Atrial fibrillation was provoked by acetylcholine injection plus rapid atrial pacing. The thoracoscopic visual field created for radiofrequency catheter ablation from a transthoracic approach and the cardioscopic visual field from an intravenous approach were sufficient, and safe positioning of the ablation catheter device on the atrial epicardium and endocardium, which enabled linear ablation of the atrium, was obtained. The Optimal setting for ablation was 70-80 degrees C/ 30 sec duration per each ablation. This process was monitored and documented by a video system through the thoracoscope and cardioscope, and results were confirmed by postmortem macrohistologic examination. In conclusion, the authors' results suggest the potential usefulness of the combination of transthoracic radiofrequency catheter ablation with video assisted thoracoscopic and cardioscopic linear ablation of atrial fibrillation, and the possibility that use of this system might eliminate the need for open heart Maze surgery.
Acetylcholine↗