Biomedical subjects

Y Sakurai

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sakurai.

852 records · Page 48Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Chemotherapeutic management of bronchogenic carcinoma: trials with NSC-140117, a new methanesulfonic acid ester of aminoglycol.

A new drug, NSC-140117, was used in the management of 15 patients who had late bronchogenic carcinoma and were unable to receive surgical or radiotherapeutic treatment. Good responses in the form of 90% shrinkage in the size of the lesionswere encountered in nine patients (60%). Response is still being maintained from 6 months to 1.5 years after the start of therapy. No toxic effects, including hematopoietic toxicity, were encountered.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxic factor and interferon production by moxibustion in mice.

Pretreatment of mice with moxibustion (Mox) modulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endogenous cytotoxic factor (CF) and interferon (IFN) production in serum. CF was measured by the L929 cytotoxicity test and IFN by the cytopathic effect microassay on L929 cells with vesicular stomatitis virus. Significant inhibition of CF activity was observed when Mox and LPS were applied simultaneously. Its potentiation was maximal, about 9 times the control level, when treatment intervals between Mox and LPS were 24-72 hours, and declined thereafter. Mox treatment modified LPS-induced IFN production with a similar biphasic pattern but the onset of modification was delayed. This is the first report of modulation of cytokine production by Mox treatment.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Right ventricular balloon pumping.

Right ventricular balloon pumping (RVBP), i.e., using a balloon inserted into the right ventricular cavity to expel the blood into the pulmonary artery, was developed in this study. The balloon, which had an unstretched volume of approximately 15 ml, was made of polyurethane. In this experiment the balloon was inserted into the right ventricle via the right auricle or the apical area of the right ventricle. It was found that even when the natural heart was not beating, the pulmonary arterial blood flow could be maintained above 80 ml/min . kg body weight and the central venous pressure could be kept normal by combining RVBP and LVA. When the natural heart was beating but weak, the amount of increase of the pulmonary arterial blood flow induced by the application of RVBP depended on the degree of right heart failure, but RVBP could supply a sufficient flow rate to compensate for the failure of the right ventricle. Regurgitation through the tricuspid valve was scarcely ever found during RVBP.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin release from monolayer cultures of adult rat pancreatic islets.

The dynamics of insulin secretion were studied in monolayer cultures of adult rat pancreatic islet cells. Free cells were dissociated from adult rat pancreatic islets by the enzymatic dispersion method, with minor modifications, and were cultured on 25 mm round plastic cover slips. The monolayer culture consists mainly of B cells as identified by immunohistochemical staining. A small number of A, D and PP cells of pancreatic islets were also distinguished in the culture. After 14 days' culturing, the culture plate was placed in a Rose chamber through which the medium was pumped and from which the effluent was collected at various time intervals for insulin determination. It was observed that the physiological insulin secretion in cultured adult rat pancreas to glucose is characterized by an early phase of rapid onset and short duration and a late phase that rapidly increases and comes to a plateau for as long as the stimulus is applied. This result indicates that the monolayer culture of adult rat pancreatic islets is a promising method of supplying hybrid artificial endocrine pancreas.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Suppressive effects of central opioids on delayed type hypersensitivity to trinitrochlorobenzene: comparative study with morphine and electroacupuncture.

We reported previously that electroacupuncture (Acu) applied to the acu-point equivalent to GV4 in the mouse just before the 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) challenge suppressed the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) through endogenous opioidergic systems in the brain, and the pituitary was pivotal in this immunosuppression. The purpose of the present study was to compare the suppressive effects of Acu with those of single, acute doses of morphine on TNCB-DTH in intact and hypophysectomized (HPX) mice. Subcutaneous morphine 10 mg/kg in ddY mice, 30 mg/kg in BALB/c mice or intracisternal morphine 40 micrograms/mouse in BALB/c mice given just before TNCB challenge suppressed (40-53%) the maximal extent of ear swelling at 24 hrs after challenge in intact mice. In HPX mice, the suppressive effects of intracisternal morphine 10 and 100 micrograms/mouse were less pronounced than those observed in intact mice and there was no significant difference between intact and HPX groups. In addition, suppressive effects observed with Acu or subcutaneous morphine (30 mg/kg) were effectively antagonized by pretreatment with intracisternal naloxone at a dose of as low as 2 micrograms/mouse. Naloxone alone had no effect of its own. These results suggest that 1) the activation of opioid receptor-mediated pathways in the brain, which occurs when opioids are endogenously released (Acu) or exogenously given (morphine), is important in the suppression of TNCB-induced DTH, a cell-mediated immune response, and 2) the pituitary is less pivotal in the suppressive effects of acute morphine than in those of Acu.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Radiotherapy under informed consent report of a long-term survivor of advanced esophageal cancer.

This paper reports a patient with advanced esophageal cancer who has survived asymptomatically for five years after radiotherapy given under informed consent. Previously, we had not practiced radiotherapy under informed consent for patients with esophageal cancers. His excellent clinical course encouraged us to promote this form of treatment. This report presents his excellent clinical course in detail and discusses the significance of informed consent in radiotherapy for malignancies.

Aged↗