[Leadership in a nursing situation].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Sakurai
Publications and source records attributed to Y Sakurai.
Cross reactivity of Mycoplasma pulmonis and Mycoplasma arthritidis antigen strains to anti-Mycoplasma pulmonis antibody in the sera of Mycoplasma pulmonis infected rats.
Reactivity of Mycoplasma pulmonis (Mp) antigen strains to anti-Mp antibody in the sera of Mp infected rats was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibody titers to 7 kinds of Mp antigens were measured in the sera of 20 Mp isolated rats and 20 Mp free rats by ELISA and complement fixation test (CF test). ELISA showed that there was no difference in the antibody titer of the same serum among 7 Mp antigen strains employed, and the main cross reaction to anti-Mp antibody took place on the common recognition site (common antigen) in all the Mp antigens. The CF test suggested that the antibody titers largely differed due to the kind of Mp antigen strains, and the detection rate was between 0 and 60%, presumably due to the difference in the reactivity or binding ability of complements but not due to the difference in the cross reactivity of Mp antigen to anti-Mp antibody. When the cross reactivity of anti-Mp antibody to Mycoplasma arthritidis (Ma) antigen was examined in the sera of 33 Mp isolated rats, the CF test exhibited the negative results, but ELISA showed 4 positive cases to support the cross reactivity of anti-Mp antibody to Ma antigen.
Animals↗
[Anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm with a sudden onset of caudal cranial nerve symptoms].
A case of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm with a sudden onset of caudal cranial nerve symptoms was reported. A 20-year-old female suffered from sudden onset of dysphagia and throat pain. Three days later, she was admitted to our hospital, suffering from sudden onset of headache, nausea, vomiting and consciousness disturbance. On admission, consciousness disturbance, bilateral abducent nerve palsy, and left caudal cranial nerve palsy was observed. CT scan revealed a subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cisterns with the densest area in the left ambient cistern. Left vertebral angiogram revealed an aneurysm at the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). On the third day after admission, operation was performed. The aneurysm was found near the jugular foramen, surrounded by thick clots. The dome was attached to the caudal cranial nerves, and the neck was located at the bending portion of AICA without branches. Neck ligation and clipping was performed. On the fortieth day after the operation, the patient was discharged from our hospital without neurological deficits. To our knowledge, aneurysm at the AICA is rare and only 33 cases have been reported. However, a case with a sudden onset of caudal cranial nerve symptoms, before evident symptoms due to subarachnoid hemorrhage, has never been reported previously.
Adult↗
[Nursing of a patient with placement of a pericardial drain for the treatment of cardiac tamponade following open heart surgery].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
[Clinical evaluation of serum level of NCC-ST-439 as a new tumor marker for colorectal diseases--fluctuation of serum NCC-ST-439 in patients with colorectal cancers before and after surgery].
Serum level of NCC-ST-439, a new tumor marker, was clinically evaluated in patients with benign and malignant colorectal diseases in comparison with serum CEA and CA 19-9. Fluctuation of serum levels of NCC-ST-439 in patients with colorectal cancers was especially studied. Serum level of NCC-ST-439 was determined by sandwich type NCC-ST-439 EIA kit, which was developed by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., in 93 cases of primary colorectal cancers, 98 cases of recurrent colorectal cancers and 60 cases of benign colorectal diseases. Positive rate of serum NCC-ST-439 in patients with primary colorectal cancers was 8.6% in Dukes A cases, 14.3% in Dukes B cases, 37.5% in Dukes C cases and 78.9% in Dukes D cases. Positive rate in patients with recurrent colorectal cancers was 42.8%. On the other hand, false positive rate in patients with benign colorectal diseases was 5.0%, which was relatively low in comparison with serum CEA and CA 19-9. While serum NCC-ST-439 was well correlated with serum CEA and CA 19-9 in primary colorectal cancers, NCC-ST-439 value in benign colorectal diseases showed no correlation with serum CEA and CA 19-9. In patients with primary colorectal cancers, curative resection was applied for in 40 cases in which the value recovered to the normal range after resection. In contrast, all 8 cases, which received non-curative resection, showed the increase of serum NCC-ST-439 value. In cases of recurrent colorectal cancers, some cases, which responded against chemotherapy, obviously showed a decrease of NCC-ST-439 value. These facts indicated that serum level of NCC-ST-439 could monitor the clinical effects of surgical treatment, chemotherapy and radiation therapies and it could be used as a marker for colorectal cancers. In conclusion, determination of serum NCC-ST-439 value was clinically useful for the diagnosis and monitoring for patients with colorectal cancers as a new distinct tumor marker.
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
[Treatment of the infected emphysematous bulla].
From 1985 to 1987, we had 4 patients with infected emphysematous bulla, three males and one female ranging from 18 to 61 years of age. The male patients had been suffering from emphysematous bullae and had complications stemming from the resulting infection. In the female case, the infection occurred at the pneumatocele which had grown at pneumonia was caught during steroid therapy for SLE. While all cases were medicated with antibiotics intravenously, they were drained with a small caliber tube percutaneously, then were washed using a cytocidal agent (dilute povidone iodine). In two cases, an infected emphysematous bulla and an infected pneumatocele cleared, then shrank and closed. In the remaining cases, the infected emphysematous bullae also cleared and shrank, then the patients underwent operations. All patients then healed. The therapeutic combination of percutaneous drainage with a small caliber tube and washing of infected emphysematous bulla is available for therapy or preoperative treatment for the following reasons: First of all, especially in patients who have remarkably disturbed pulmonary function, it can be performed safely and pt's symptoms and the general condition of the patient improves rapidly. The second reason is that, in some particular cases, it achieves the remarkable shrinkage and closure of infected emphysematous bulla. The third reason is that, the patients experience minimum pain with the use of a small caliber drainage tube.
Adolescent↗
Selection of a monoclonal antibody reactive with a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein circulating in the body fluid of gastrointestinal cancer patients.
The monoclonal antibody NCC-CO-450 (IgM kappa) was selected by screening of reactivity with high-molecular-weight antigens (Mr greater than 10(6] isolated from ascitic fluid of a colon cancer patient. This antibody detected heterogeneous but predominantly high-molecular-weight antigens in 4 of 6 ascitic fluid samples from gastrointestinal cancer patients by immunoblotting analysis. A sandwich radioimmunoassay was developed in order to examine the serum level of this antigen, and the cutoff value was defined as the mean plus 2 SD of values obtained with sera from normal donors. While 97% (93 of 96) of sera had a negative antigen value in normal donors, 56% (14 of 25) of patients with colorectal carcinoma and 40% (8 of 20) of patients with gastric carcinoma showed a positive antigen value. The distribution of the antigen in sera of patients with various cancers did not show any correlation with the distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen or CA 19-9. From immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses, NCC-CO-450 antigen was characterized as a mucin-like glycoprotein abundant in normal colonic epithelium as well as in carcinomas of the colon, stomach, and pancreas. The immunohistochemical reactivity of NCC-CO-450 was distinct from that of other monoclonal antibodies reported to be useful for serological diagnosis. The epitope recognized by NCC-CO-450 is considered to be an O-linked carbohydrate chain without terminal sialic acid but is different from the known carbohydrate chains, i.e., Lea, Lex, LeY, Tn, sialyl-Lea, and sialyl sugar chain defined by NCC-ST-439 in a competitive binding inhibition assay of monoclonal antibodies. This newly defined antigen is a good example of a normal antigen shed from cancer cells that can be used successfully as a serum tumor marker.
Animals↗
Structure of the amino-terminal portion of the murine alpha 1(IV) collagen chain and the corresponding region of the gene.
Collagen IV, the major structural component of basement membranes, is composed of two genetically distinct polypeptide chains, alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV). We have isolated a 522-base-pair (bp) cDNA to the 5' portion of the murine alpha 1(IV) chain mRNA from a library constructed by specific primer extension of poly(A)+ RNA from differentiated F9 cells. This cDNA includes 141 bp of 5' untranslated sequence and encodes a signal peptide plus a portion of the amino-terminal cross-linking (7 S) domain. This cDNA clone was used to obtain the 5' portion of the murine alpha 1(IV) gene from which the nucleotide sequence of exons 1-6 was determined. Exon 1 (234 bp) codes for the 5' untranslated sequence, and the first 28 residues of the protein. The 5' untranslated sequence is highly conserved between the mouse and human species and has the potential to form three mutually exclusive stem-loop structures which may play a role in post-transcriptional regulation. Exons 2-6, which code for the 7 S domain, were found to be 60, 90, 45, and 63 bp in size. The exon structure for the helical portion of the 7 S domain is different from that of the major helical domain, suggesting that they evolved differently.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Separation of B- and T-lymphocytes by cellular adsorption chromatography using poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/polyamine graft copolymer as column adsorbent.
A series of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/polyamine graft copolymers (HA copolymers) were examined as an adsorbent for cellular adsorption chromatography in order to separate cell populations with high efficacy. The capability of each copolymer sample to selectively adsorb rat lymphocyte subpopulations (B-cells and T-cells) was evaluated by applying a lymphocyte suspension to a copolymer-coated glass bead column. A separation factor (AB/AT) greater than 5.0 was achieved for the HA copolymer, compared to 1.9 and 1.1 for homopolymers of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and of a polyamine (poly(N,N-diethylaminoethylstyrene], respectively. By loading a rat lymphocyte suspension containing B-cells (28%) and T-cells (72%) through the HA copolymer column, more than 60% of T-cells in 90% purity or more were recovered in the effluent.
Adsorption↗
Anticoagulant therapy in recurrent cerebral embolism: a retrospective study in non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
For the prevention of recurrent embolic stroke, 23 elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) were treated with oral anticoagulants (warfarin) during a mean period of 3.8 years. Only one patient suffered recurrent embolism, and another had acute myocardial infarction. There was no cerebral haemorrhage during the treatment. In an untreated control group (from an autopsy series), recurrent embolic strokes occurred in 18 of 70 NVAF patients (26%) during a mean period of 1.3 years. Long-term anticoagulant therapy appears to be effective in the prevention of recurrent embolic stroke in elderly patients with NVAF.
Aged↗
Effects of serum from human subjects of various ages on proliferation of human lung and skin fibroblasts.
We carried out a study to determine whether serum from old human subjects inhibited cell proliferation. The results showed that serum from old subjects of either sex did not greatly inhibit the proliferation of human fetal lung fibroblast TIG-1 cells, even when serum from subjects in their 80s was used. The same results were obtained when the effects of serum on cell proliferation were examined up to a serum concentration of 50%. It was also found that serum from old subjects did not inhibit proliferation of human skin fibroblasts from a young adult to any greater degree than serum from young adult subjects, and that serum from young adult subjects did not stimulate proliferation of skin fibroblasts from an elderly donor to any greater degree than serum from old subjects.
Adolescent↗
Quantitative evaluation of rat lymphocyte adsorption on microdomain structured surfaces of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/polyamine.
The adsorption behaviour of rat lymphocytes on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-graft-polyamine (HA) copolymers was evaluated using a newly developed chromatographic method. The quantity of lymphocyte adsorption can be varied by regulating the polyamine content in the HA copolymer. A remarkable depression in lymphocyte adsorption was observed on the surface of HA copolymer, consisting of 7 wt% of polyamine graft and 93 wt% of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) backbone. Further introduction of a polyamine graft on pHEMA resulted in the increase of lymphocyte retention on the copolymer surfaces. Lymphocytes adsorbed on HA copolymer surface retained their original round shape. Detailed analysis of the chromatogram showed that interaction of lymphocytes with HA copolymer was very much weaker than that with homopolymer of pHEMA or polyamine.
Adsorption↗
Immunoaffinity chromatography of lymphocyte subpopulations using tert-amine derived matrices with adsorbed antibodies.
New polymeric solid-phase matrices for cell affinity chromatography were prepared and their advantageous characteristics compared with conventional matrices were highlighted. These new matrices are derivatives of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) containing a slight quantity of amino compounds as a co-monomer. They were applied to immunoaffinity selection between IgG+ and IgG- lymphocytes of the rat mesenteric lymph node. Simple physical adsorption was sufficient for anti-rat IgG antibodies to be immobilized on these matrices, allowing us to omit the laborious procedure of covalent-linking of antibodies on a matrix. As these matrices themselves showed extremely low non-specific adsorption of lymphocytes, a very dilute solution of antibody (0.02-0.08 mg/ml) was enough for column conditioning. This separation method gave IgG- lymphocytes of more than 90% purity and almost 95% yield within as short a time as 7 min. Further, IgG+ lymphocytes were obtained in good yield (80-90% of loaded number) by recovering the adsorbing cell fraction from the column by gentle pipetting of the matrix.
Amines↗
In vitro and in vivo studies on antithrombogenicity of poly(propylene oxide) segmented nylon 610 in relation to its crystalline-amorphous microstructure.
In vitro and in vivo antithrombogenicity of poly(propylene oxide) segmented nylon 610 was investigated. For the in vitro simulation of thrombosis on copolymer surfaces, a modified microsphere column method evaluated the thrombosis time of the copolymer column. For the in vivo evaluation of the antithrombogenicity of copolymer surfaces, small diameter tubing, precoated with copolymer, was implanted in rabbits as an arteriovenous shunt to determine the time of patency for the copolymer tubing. In both the in vitro and in vivo tests, the copolymer having a particular size and distribution of crystalline and amorphous microphases on its surface exhibited excellent antithrombogenicity; the copolymer with a long period of approximately 12 nm and a crystallite thickness of 6.5 nm suppressed the activation process of adhering platelets to show thromboresistant property. This paper emphasizes the importance of controlling the crystalline-amorphous microstructure for the antithrombogenicity of polymer surfaces with a semicrystalline microstructure.
Animals↗
Hemodynamic characteristics of the vertebrobasilar system in moyamoya disease: a histometric study.
Two autopsy cases of adult moyamoya disease were investigated by histometric and histopathologic techniques and the findings compared with those in three normotensive and five hypertensive controls in order to clarify the hemodynamic characteristics of the vertebrobasilar system in this disease. A thorough histologic examination of the vertebral and basilar arteries revealed that the fundamental arterial structures were well preserved in the vertebrobasilar system, unlike in the internal carotid system. A histometric study disclosed that the mean thickness of the media was considerably greater than that in comparable arteries of normotensive controls. From these observations, it was suggested that the essential arterial alterations in the vertebrobasilar system in moyamoya disease were hypertensive in nature and that this might be due to the increased pressure load on this system to compensate for the occlusive state of the internal carotid system. The medial hypertrophy in the vertebrobasilar system, even after massive medial atrophy in the carotid system, was impressive and suggestive of the complexity of hemodynamic changes and consequent tissue responses in this moyamoya disease.
Adult↗
Pharmacokinetic approach to rational therapeutic doses for human tumor-bearing nude mice.
To improve clinical predictability from therapeutic results of various antitumor agents in human tumor/nude mouse models it seems to be important to use a dose pharmacokinetically equivalent to the clinical dose. Thus, we attempted to find the dose of a given drug that can reproduce in the nude mouse a plasma level similar to that seen in human patients treated with an effective dose of the drug based on comparative pharmacokinetic studies between man and nude mouse. As a result, those of 3 alkylating agents, mitomycin C, 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (ACNU) and cyclophosphamide, and those of 2 antimitotic agents, vincristine and vinblastine, were estimated to be one-fourth or one-fifth of their maximum tolerated doses (MTD's). On the other hand, in the case of adriamycin, its MTD was approximately equivalent to its clinical dose pharmacokinetically. In contrast, clinically equivalent doses of 2 antimetabolites tested, 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate, were significantly greater than their MTD's; i.e., their plasma levels did not reach the effective clinical ones even when their MTD's were administered to the nude mice. These results suggest that the antitumor effects of most antitumor agents are over- or underestimated in this model when MTD's are used as a therapeutic dose, and indicate that the use of clinically equivalent doses determined pharmacokinetically is desirable.
Animals↗
Responsiveness of human gastric tumors implanted in nude mice to clinically equivalent doses of various antitumor agents.
To reproduce clinical effects of various antitumor agents in the human tumor/nude mouse model, we investigated the responsiveness of 11 lines of human gastric tumor xenografts to doses of the agents pharmacokinetically equivalent to the respective clinical doses, which we designated the "rational dose" (RD). We found that the response rates to mitomycin C, 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl]methyl-1-[2-chloroethyl]-1- nitrosourea (ACNU), adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil were 18%, and that to vinblastine was 30%; on the other hand, those to vincristine, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide were poor. In contrast, in our previous study using the maximum tolerated doses, response rates to mitomycin C, ACNU, and vinblastine were as high as 64-82%, and those to adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil were 18%. When these results were compared with the clinical response rates of gastric tumors, as a whole, the results with RD's exhibited much better coincidence with the clinical data in terms of relative therapeutic potency, indicating the validity of the use of clinically equivalent doses instead of maximum tolerated doses in the human tumor model.
Animals↗
A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using guinea pig C3 to detect anti-Mycoplasma pulmonis antibody in the sera of infected rats.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗