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Biomedical subjects

Y Sakaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sakaguchi.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Studies of urinary organic acid profiles of a patient with dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase deficiency.

Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), urinary organic acid profile studies were carried out on a patient with dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) deficiency. Elevated levels of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid, 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid and 2-oxoisocaproic acid were observed in addition to lactic acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid and 2-hydroxybutyric acid previously described in patients with E3 deficiency. The 2-oxoglutaric acid levels were significantly lowered after branched-chain amino acid restriction. In an acute period, the patient was slightly ketoacidotic and excreted larger amounts of 2-oxoglutaric acid and lactic acid than in a static period. It was shown that, prior to confirmatory enzyme studies, patients with E3 deficiency who were suspected to have atypical maple syrup urine disease or chronic lactic acidosis can be rapidly identified by GC/MS analysis of urinary acids.

Caproates↗
PubMed1983

Separation of cathepsin D-like proteinase and acid thiol proteinase of squid mantle muscle.

When the proteinases of the squid mantle muscle were extracted in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT), the acid proteinase activity increased, indicating that the squid mantle muscle contains a considerable amount of the acid thiol proteinase. The crude extract hydrolyzed neither alpha-N-benzoyl-D,L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPA) nor azocasein, thus refuting the presence of cathepsins B and L in the mantle muscle. The cathepsin D-like proteinase and the acid thiol proteinase were separated by Sephadex A-50 column chromatography. Each of the above partially purified proteinases was able to degrade carp actomyosin at pH 2.5 and 5.0, respectively.

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1983

Clostridium perfringens and other anaerobes isolated from bile.

Clostridium perfringens was isolated from bile in 13 cases of 150 patients examined. The serotypes of C perfringens strains isolated from bile and faeces were investigated using antisera to Hobbs' type 1-17. Two or more serological types were often found in a single specimen, but in the same patient the serotypes of C perfringens strains isolated from the bile were identical with those from the faeces. Beta-glucuronidase production in these C perfringens serotypes was tested with the API-Strep system. Strains agglutinated with Hobbs' antisera produced beta-glucuronidase, but non-agglutinated strains did not.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study on synergism between cefotaxime and ampicillin against Streptococcus D group].

Cefotaxime (CTX) disks and ampicillin (ABPC) disks exhibited synergism against 24 strains of Streptococcus D group isolated from various sources in our hospital. We were interested in these synergism effects and compared them with the combination index. Twenty-two out of the 24 strains examined exhibited synergism, and were identified as Streptococcus faecalis by the API strep system. We divided them into 4 groups (combination index: 19, 15, 11, 9) according to the degree of synergism. Another 2 strains showed additive effects (combination index: 1), and were identified as Streptococcus faecium. Among these 24 strains, beta-lactamases were produced by only 1. There was no direct connection between beta-lactamase production and synergism. The mechanism of synergism between CTX and ABPC has not yet been studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the beta-glucuronidase production of Clostridia.

We investigated the beta-glucuronidase-producing capacity of 197 strains of 19 different species of Clostridia, using the procedure described by Kilian and Bülow (8). Most of the Hobbs' serotyped strains of Clostridium perfringens (104 out of 109 strains) were found to produce beta-glucuronidase, whereas non-serotyped strains (21 out of 32 strains) did not. Some strains of other species such as Clostridium beijerinckii (C. beijerinckii), C. clostridiforme, C. difficile, C. limosum, and C. ramosum were found to produce beta-glucuronidase, while all strains of 13 other species which we examined did not.

Clostridium↗
PubMed1983

Karyotypes of Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi (Nematoda: Filarioidea).

Using air-dried preparations of the testis and ovary, karyotypes were analyzed and compared to each other in two species of filarial parasites, Brugia pahangi and B. malayi. Both species had a diploid number of 10 chromosomes and were karyotypically very similar. C-banding analyses disclosed that the sex-determining mechanism of these species was of the XY-XX type, where the X chromosome was the largest, and the Y chromosome was of medium-size.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Efficacy of paromomycin sulfate in the elimination of Diphyllobothrium species and Taenia saginata in clinical cases].

Recently it has been known that paromomycin sulfate had marked anthelmintic activity against some species of tapeworms. In this investigation, paromomycin sulfate was used for treating 6 cases of diphyllobothriasis and 1 case of Taenia saginata infection. Paromomycin sulfate was administered orally in a single dose or 2 divided doses of 40--60 mg/kg, being followed by a purge about 1.5 hours later. Strobila or fragments of proglottids were expelled from 5 cases, of which only 1 scolex was found in a case of infection with marine species of Diphyllobothrium. In 1 case of diphyllobothriasis no worm or worm-fragment was found in the stool even after the second challenge of treatment. Nevertheless follow-up examination for more than 1 month showed no evidence of remaining infection in all cases. Transient dizziness was observed in only 1 case, disappearing within about 30 minutes. Serum- and urine-examinations detected no abnormal signs in all cases excepting 1 case of diphyllobothriasis with suspected hepatitis. It was concluded that paromomycin sulfate is effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of taeniasis and diphyllobothriasis including marine species.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with demonstration of virus-like particles.

Two kinds of virus-like particles, doughnut-shaped particles and particles with dense core, were discovered in a brain tissue from a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The two types of virus-like particles are similar to immature type C and type C particles. although no direct relationship between Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and these virus-like particles can be established, these facts may suggest that viruses play some role in the pathogenesis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

X-ray tomographical observations of the interrelationships among structures of the nasal airway.

In order to elucidate upon the interrelationships among the different structures in and around the nasal cavity, the noses of 95 adults without severe rhinitis, paranasal sinusitis, cysts or tumors were examined by means of X-ray tomography. The results indicate a close correlation between the width of the nasal cavity and 1) the width of the maxillary sinus, 2) the size, form and height of the inferior turbinate, 3) the size of the middle turbinate or 4) the nasal septal deviation; between the height of the nasal cavity and the length and height of the inferior turbinate or the length of the middle turbinate, and also between the degree of septal deviation and the width of the nasal cavity, the nasal meatus or olfactory slit or the form of the inferior turbinate. In conclusion, it is recognized that correction of the abnormal interrelationships among the different structures is important for functional nasal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Antigenicity of desamido-insulin and monocomponent insulin.

No consensus about the antigenicity of monocomponent insulin has yet been reached. We have therefore administered different insulin preparations to rabbits and rats to determine IgG and IgE antibody production. The preparations used were porcine monocomponent insulin, conventional bovine and porcine insulin powders, porcine b-component and synthesized porcine mono-desamido-insulin and hexa-desamido-insulin. In rabbits, porcine b-component was the most antigenic preparation, followed by conventional bovine and porcine insulins. No antibody production was observed with the other preparations. In rats the 60 h passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test showed virtually no insulin IgE antibody production in response to porcine monocomponent insulin. However, if porcine b-component or porcine hexa-desamido-insulin was employed both for sensitisation and as the challenging antigen, positive skin reactions were observed with demonstration of insulin IgE antibodies. Our results confirm the low antigenicity of the pharmaceutical preparation of porcine monocomponent insulin and suggest that porcine hexa-desamido-insulin and porcine b-component administration may result in the production of reagin-type antibodies.

Amino Acids↗