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Biomedical subjects

Y Saitoh

Publications and source records attributed to Y Saitoh.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

A pilot study of centrifugal leukocyte apheresis for corticosteroid-resistant active ulcerative colitis.

Corticosteroids are effective in bringing about a clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, in severely relapsed cases, corticosteroids are not always effective even when a high dosage is administered. In addition, the long-term use of corticosteroids often causes serious side effects. Therefore, an alternative treatment for active ulcerative colitis is necessary in order to avoid these clinical problems. In the present pilot study, the efficacy of leukocytapheresis using a centrifugal procedure was evaluated for corticosteroid-resistant, active ulcerative colitis. Fourteen patients with corticosteroid-resistant severely active ulcerative colitis were treated by leukocytapheresis. Thirteen patients (92.9%) achieved clinical remission within 4 weeks after the apheresis, and remained in remission for 8 months on average without any additional corticosteroid therapy. In the remaining patient, in whom remission was not induced, a total colectomy was performed immediately after the fourth course of leukocytapheresis. No significant side effects were noticed throughout the therapy. Both colonoscopic and histological examinations confirmed the beneficial effect of this procedure in terms of the reduction of severe inflammation of the affected colon. We found that the expression of two adhesion molecules, L-selectin and VLA4a, on the surface of peripheral leukocytes was decreased after this new therapy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1997

GE3, a novel hexadepsipeptide antitumor antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces sp. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation, physico-chemical properties, and biological activities.

GE3, a novel cyclic hexadepsipeptide antibiotic, was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. GE3. GE3 was weakly active against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and showed potent cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines. GE3 also exhibited antitumor activity against human pancreatic carcinoma, PSN-1, in vivo. GE3B, a linear peptide form of GE3, which was isolated from the same culture broth with GE3, showed no antibiotic and cytotoxic activities, suggesting the necessity of the cyclic structure of GE3 for its biological activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

MS-681a, b, c and d, new inhibitors of myosin light chain kinase from Myrothecium sp. KY6568. I. Characterization of producing strain and production, isolation and biological activities.

Novel compounds MS-681a, b, c and d were isolated from the culture broth of a fungal strain KY6568. The strain was identified as Myrothecium sp. from its morphological characteristics. MS-681a, b, c and d inhibited the activity of purified smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase with IC50 values of 0.11, 0.29, 0.095 and 0.26 microM, respectively. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C were not inhibited at 100 microM by MS-681 compounds.

Aminoisobutyric Acids↗
PubMed1997

MS-681a, b, c and d, new inhibitors of myosin light chain kinase from Myrothecium sp. II. Physico-chemical properties and structure elucidation.

MS-681a, b, c and d are new inhibitors of myosin light chain kinase produced by Myrothecium sp. They are novel octapeptides containing alpha-alkyl-alpha-amino acids and a polyamine moiety. The structures were determined by NMR and FAB-MS/MS spectral analyses of the intact peptides. Their absolute configurations were elucidated by GC analysis on a chiral column of the constituent amino acids and by chemical synthesis of the polyamine moieties.

Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

[Bronchogenic carcinoma located in the aortic window].

In the patients with invasion to the aortic window, we performed operation via median sternotomy combined with anteroaxillar thoracotomy. In such patients with T4 invasion, conventional pneumonectomy could not be performed because of the extensive invasion near the main pulmonary artery trunk. In these patients in this study, complete resection of the involved pulmonary artery could be performed using a vascular clamp without CP bypass. Operative technique was as follows: first, the pericardium was opened and taping of the aorta was applied. When the uninvolved part of the intrapericardial pulmonary artery was long enough to cut, we could use a stapling device, but the stapling device could not be used in many cases because the length of the uninvolved segment was too short to cut the left pulmonary artery. In order to carry out complete resection, it was necessary to clamp the central part of the main pulmonary artery diagonally from the left lower side to the right upper side. The pulmonary arterial stump was closed with continuous 4-0 monofilament mattress and over and over suture. We recommend an aggressive surgical approach for the tumor with invasion to the aortic window, because the prognosis is dismal in nonresected locally advanced lung cancer.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1997

[A curative report of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus caused mediastinitis after cardiac surgery].

We experienced a curative case, who was a fifty nine-year old man suffered from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) due to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) caused-mediastinitis following cardiac surgery against atrial septal defect (ASD) and tricuspid regurgitation. We successfully treated him with mediastinal irrigations by a large quantities of physiological saline containing 1% Povidone iodine (PI) and MRSA sensitive antibiotics as well as artificial supports such as plasma pheresis and hemodialysis against failure organs. It may be due to the prompt treatment with mediastinal irrigation and well timed dosage of sensitive antibiotics against the origin of sepsis that such a serious patient like this case could be recovered from MODS and DIC. In addition, it may be very effective to irrigate with 1% PI against MRSA-caused-mediastinitis.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1997

[Prognosis and MRI findings in patients with peripheral facial palsy].

We examined a series of 21 peripheral facial palsy patients attempted to (17 Bell's palsy, 4 Hunt syndrome) with Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI and attempted to determine the relation between prognosis and MRI findings. We divided patients into two groups based on facial palsy scores of Japanese facial nerve research: a good group (G-Group) and a bad group (B-group). The G-group scored over 20 points on the 20th day after the first visit and the B-group under 20 points. G-group consisted of 9 Bell's palsy and 1 Hunt syndrome patients, and the B-group of 8 Bell's palsy and 3 Hunt syndrome patients. The averaged facial palsy score of both groups was analyzed every week during 4 weeks. Recovery from the palsy was better in the G-group than the B-group (P < 0.05); the scores at the 4th week of the G- and B-groups were 32.6 +/- 15.2 and 7.8 +/- 7.4, respectively. The MRI findings of both groups were examined retrospectively. Nine of 10 G-group and nine of 11 B-group patients had abnormal contrast enhancement. The result of enhanced facial nerve segment was as follows:G-group, auditory canal 1, labyrinthine/geniculate 7, tympanic 7, mastoid 7; B-group, auditory canal 2,labyrinthine/geniculate 8,tympanic 8, mastoid 7. Our results indicate no relation between the prognosis and the MRI findings. Therefore, it is impossible to predict the prognosis of facial palsy from the results of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Bronchiolitis obliterans and no radiographic abnormalities in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis].

A 53-year-old woman was given a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in 1988, and begun treatment with D-penicillamine in September 1992. She noticed dry coughing and exertional dyspnea that began in April 1993. Chest X-ray and CT films revealed no abnormal opacities. However, bronchiolitis obliterans was suspected because of a low FEV1% (23%). Examination of specimens obtained by thoracoscopic lung biopsy revealed constrictive obliteration by granulation tissue in proximal bronchioles and follicular bronchiolitis. Alveoli and respiratory bronchioles were intact. After corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy, FEV1% increased to 35%. At the time of this writing she was alive 2.5 years after hospitalization.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1997

[Re-expansion pulmonary edema after emergency thoracotomy for spontaneous hemopneumothorax: a case report].

A 44-year-old man was admitted to out hospital complaining of chest pain and increasing dyspnea. Chest X-ray on admission revealed a collapsed lung and an air fluid line in the left hemothorax. Following blood transfusion because of 2,000 ml hemorrhagic pleural fluid, emergent surgery was carried out. At operation, a bleeding artery originating from the apex of the thoracic cavity and a bulla on the upper lobe were noticed. After extubation of endotracheal tube, he offered severe dyspnea with hypoxia. The chest X-ray showed figure of pulmonary edema in the left lower lobe. Patient was managed by oxygen, steroid, and urinastatin. On the 3rd operative day, pulmonary edema was disappeared. It should be kept in the mind that the re-expansion pulmonary edema occurred in patients with spontaneous hemopneumothorax of less than 3 days of duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The results of treatment for pancreatic cancer--statistic change].

Between 1981 and 1995, 17, 121 patients with pancreatic cancer were registered by Japan Pancreas Society (JPS). The resection rate was 36.1% with recent increase. The 1, 3, and 5 year actuarial survival rates of resected cases were 52.7%, 24.0%, and 18.6%, respectively. As for resectional procedures, there was a gradual decrease in TP and increase in PD. Lymph node metastases are found in 37.0% of patients with tumor size less than 2 cm, therefore, and extended lymphadenectomy and extended surgery including portal vein resection are more performed than before in Japan. Tubular adenocarcinoma are 60.6% in all registered pancreatic cancer, but its survival rate is only 10%. The survival rate of the National Cancer Data Base was almost the same as that of us with higher resection rate, but we cannot easily accepted its fact as the background of patients are various.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Pharmacological evaluation of portal venous isolation and charcoal haemoperfusion for high-dose intra-arterial chemotherapy of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND: A novel system of complete portal venous isolation and charcoal haemoperfusion (PVI-CHP) has been developed in an attempt to increase dose intensity while minimizing the systemic toxicity of the cytotoxic agent during intra-arterial chemotherapy of the pancreas. METHODS: Mongrel dogs were given doxorubicin (3 mg kg-1), infused over a 5-min period via the splenic artery, together with PVI-CHP (group 1; n = 5) or without PVI-CHP (group 2; n = 5). Plasma doxorubicin concentrations were determined in serial samples obtained from the inlet and outlet of the CHP filter and in samples obtained from the left jugular vein (systemic levels) for up to 30 min after initiation of drug infusion. Subsequently, specimens were obtained from the pancreas, liver and heart to determine tissue doxorubicin levels. RESULTS: The mean(s.d.) peak systemic concentration of doxorubicin in group 1 was 0.78(0.03) microgram ml-1, significantly lower than that in group 2 of 3.49(1.15) micrograms ml-1 (P < 0.01). The peak concentration of doxorubicin in group 1 was significantly lower (more than 90 per cent) than that before filtration (P < 0.01). Tissue doxorubicin concentration in the pancreas was similar in both groups. However, concentrations in the liver and heart were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that PVI-CHP can produce a significant reduction in systemic drug exposure and may allow dose intensification during intra-arterial chemotherapy for the pancreas.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[In vitro combination effect of vancomycin and carbapenems against carbapenem-resistant MRSA].

We determined in vitro combined effects of vancomycin (VCM) plus carbapenems (CRBs) on 12 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which are resistant to CRBs. Combinations of VCM plus imipenem (IPM) and VCM plus panipenem (PAPM) and VCM plus meropenem (MEPM) indicated synergistic effects, fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices of < or = 0.05, against 67%, 75%, 67% of the strains, respectively. Against forty two percent of strains tested, 1 MIC of VCM was equal to 1 MBC, and similarly, IPM, PAPM and MEPM had 1 MIC = 1 MBC against 42%, 67% and 75% of the strains tested, respectively. Combinations of VCM plus IPM and VCM plus PAPM and VCM plus MEPM showed synergistic effects, hence a fractional bactericidal concentration (FBC) index of < or = 0.50, against 42%, 50%, 75% of the strains, respectively, and the combination of VCM plus MEPM was most synergistic. These results suggest that combination therapy of VCM with CRB is useful for the treatment of MRSA infection in patients with renal dysfunction.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

[A case of recurrent bronchogenic cyst 15 years after initial operation].

There are few reports on the postoperative recurrence of bronchogenic cysts. We conducted a re-operation on a 57-year-old man with a bronchogenic cyst 15 years after an initial operation. His history showed an earlier operation for a bronchogenic cyst at the age of 42 at another hospital. 15 years after this initial operation, he suffered from common cold like symptoms, and was referred to our hospital, because of an abnormal shadow on his chest X-ray. A chest CT and MRI revealed an oval tumor just under the right intermediate bronchus. We suspected it was a recurrence of the bronchogenic cyst, and an operation was performed. The cyst was firmly adhered to the lung, and at the upper site of the cyst, a region adjacent to the intermediate bronchus was adhered to the bronchial wall. The histological findings were similar to those of 15 years previously. The cyst wall lined with pseudostratified columnar ciliary epithelium with muscular layer, which led to a diagnosis of a bronchogenic cyst. Congenital cysts, including bronchogenic cysts, are considered to originate in abnormal primordia. If there are remaining abnormal primordia, a recurrence of the disease can occur.

Bronchogenic Cyst↗
PubMed1997

[Emergent operation after percutaneous transluminal coronary rotational atherectomy (ROTABLATOR)].

Emergent operations were performed in seven patients after percutaneous transluminal coronary rotational atherectomy (PTCRA). The causes of the emergent operations were coronary rupture in three patients, acute coronary occlusion in two patients, perforation of the ascending aorta in one patient and impossible weaning from IABP in one patient. IABP was used preoperatively in all patients. Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in all patients. Ruptured sites of the coronary arteries were closed and perforated site of the ascending aorta was repaired. Two patients died due to cardiac failure but five patients were recovered. Coronary artery rupture was main complication after PTCRA. It is important to recognize the difference between the complication after PTCRA and that after conventional PTCA.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A case of invasive thymoma that recurred with pericardial effusion 15 years postoperatively].

We treated a 74-years-old male who had recurrence with pericardial effusion and a tumor between the pulmonary artery and left atrium 15 years after operation for invasive thymoma complicated by myasthenia gravis. Despite pericardial drainage, CDDP infusion, and radiation therapy for the tumor, the patient died due to pneumonia after 1 and half years. Long-term observation is considered to be needed after surgical resection of thymoma for recurrence or multiple oncogenesis in ectopic thymus.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Multivariate analysis of multichannel surface myoelectric signals to determine muscular fatigue.

Multivariate analysis would be effective in finding the functional change from several variables obtained from multivariate biological signals. We applied this idea to the discrimination of sustained fatiguing contraction from negative ramp contraction. The time-series of eigenvalues were obtained from multidimensional biological variables by the Karhunen-Loève expansion. The results showed that, the first and second eigenvalues came close to each other during fatiguing contraction, whereas only the first eigenvalue was dominant during negative ramp contraction. Moreover, the factor loadings showed considerable difference between fatiguing contraction and negative ramp contraction. As a result, the muscular-fatigue-related functional change could be represented clearly by the time-series of proportions and factor loadings.

Electromyography↗