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Biomedical subjects

Y Ruan

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ruan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated bivalent EHF vaccine in humans].

OBJECTIVE: Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated bivalent EHF vaccine in humans were evaluated in the epidemic area of Zhejiang province, China. METHODS: Susceptible persons with negative anti-EHF were selected in Jiande county, Zhejiang province to receive 3 doses of inactivated bivalent EHF vaccine at 0, 7, 28 days. A booster injection was given one year after the primary immunization. Antibody responses were measured in human volunteers by IFA and MCPENT. Local and general reactions were recorded within 72 hours after each vaccination by physicians. RESULTS: Two weeks after the primary vaccination, 99.04% of the subjects developed significant hantavirus antibody titre measured by IFA which had a 37.34% drop one year after the primary vaccination. Seroconversion rate increased to 100% two weeks after the booster dose. Neutralising antibody titres paralleled this trend with 100% of vaccine recipients producing neutralising antibody two weeks after the primary doses. However, it dropped to 80% one year after the primary vaccination. One hundred percent of the vaccine recipients started to respond two weeks after boosting. The geometric mean titre (GMT) of neutralising antibody against 76 - 118 and UR were 18.27 +/- 2.21 and 12.47 +/- 2.16 respectively after the primary injections, but it increased to 37.09 +/- 2.24 and 32.61 +/- 2.05 respectively after the secondary immunization. General and local reaction rates were 0.46% and 1.98%, with no severe side effects observed in the vaccinees. CONCLUSION: The vaccine was well tolerated and could induce good humoral immune response.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed2000

[Drinking water types, microcystins and colorectal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between microcystins (a blue-green algal toxin) in drinking water and colorectal cancer. METHODS: Eight townships were randomly selected as study sites in Haining city of Zhejiang province, China. Four hundred and eight colon and rectum carcinoma cases diagnosed from 1977 to 1996 were identified from cancer registry in the study sites. A retrospective survey on types of drinking water of all 408 cases was conducted. Population data and drinking water sources data were provided by local household registration and local health institution, respectively. Water samples from different sources (well, tap-water, river and pond) were collected and microcystins concentrations were measured by an indirect competitive ELISA method. RESULTS: The incidence rates of colorectal cancer were significantly higher among people drinking river or pond water than those who drank well water or tap-water in both males and females. And comparing with other sources to well water, the relative risks (RR) were much higher for people using river water (7.94) and pond water (7.70). The positive detection rates (> 50 pg/ml) of microcystin in well, tap-water, river and pond water were 0.00%, 0.00%, 36.23% and 17.14% respectively. The highest concentrations of microcystins were 1 083.43 pg/ml (river) and 1 937.94 pg/ml (pond) in the positive samples. Microcystins concentrations in river and pond were significantly higher than the concentrations in well and tap water (P < 0.01). The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that in the study sites, the microcystins concentrations of river and pond water were positively correlated with the incidence of colorectal cancer (r = 0.881, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Drinking surface water (river or pond) is one of the risk factors for colorectal cancer. Microcystins may be associated with incidence of colorectal cancer. It is suggested that further study should be carried out to clarify the relationship between colorectal cancer and microcystin in drinking water.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed2000

[Changes of surfactant A and B in alveolar type II cells in hamster with elastase-induced emphysema].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of surfactant A and B (SP-A and SP-B) in alveolar type II cells of lungs in hamsters with elastase-induced emphysema. METHODS: After intratracheal instilling of elastase, hamsters were killed at the 30th, 60th and 90th day of the experiment respectively. Slides of lung tissue were examined under light microscope and measured by calculating the mean linear intercepts. Then the slides were stained under immunohistochemistry procedures and measured by using a morphometric analysis system. Meanwhile, slides were also checked by electron microscopy. RESULTS: In comparison with the normal group, MLI of the elastase group was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the percentage of both SP-A and SP-B positive cells was significantly decreased 30 days after the intratracheal instilling of elastase (from 48.0% +/- 3.0% to 9.5% +/- 4.0% and from 28.0% +/- 4.0% to 13.3% +/- 4.1%, respectively; P < 0.01), however, a time-dependent recovery 90 days after instilling was seen. Electron microscopy showed a significantly decrease of the number of lamellae. CONCLUSION: The decrease of SP-A and SP-B in alveolar type II cells seems to play an important role in the development of emphysema.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Preventive and therapeutic effect of Chinese herbs naofeikang on experimental emphysema and pulmonary artery hypertension in hamsters].

OBJECTIVE: To observe preventive and therapeutic effect of Chinese herbs Naofeikang on hypoxic pulmonary artery hypertension of elastase-induced emphysema hamsters and investigate its mechanism. METHODS: Hamsters for 30 days after intratracheally-instilled elastase, were kept in hypoxia environment under normal atmospheric pressure for 15 days, 50 hamsters were divided into prevention group (Prv), treatment group (T), emphysema + hypoxia (EH), and control group(N). Mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) was measured before hamsters were killed. And then right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) was measured, as well as circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and cells recoveries from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted. Meanwhile, pulmonary tissue changes were studied under light microscope with morphometric analysis. RESULTS: Compared with EH group, MPAP, CEC, and cells recoveries of BALF of Prv and T groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); Mean linear intercept and percentage of arterial media area of Prv and T groups had totally a significant difference (P < 0.01) in comparison with EH group. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese herbs Naofeikang could lower pulmonary hypertension, preserve vessel endothelial cells and lessen the inflammatory reaction in pulmonary tissue. Thereby, it could hinder the further development of emphysema and inhibit the remodeling of pulmonary small artery.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

P21WAF1/Cip1 gene expression in primary human hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with P53 gene mutation.

P21WAF1/Cip1, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, is a critical downstream effector in the P53-specific pathway of growth control. Increased expression of P21WAF1/Cip1 has been found to reflect the status of the P53 tumor-suppressor pathway. We investigated the expression of P21WAF1/Cip1 in a relatively small, but well-characterized group consisting of 28 hepatocellular carcinomas. The samples were previously studied for P53 gene mutation. P21WAF1/Cip1 expression were identified by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Positive ISH for P21WAF1/Cip1 transcripts was found in 18 of 28 cases (64.3%). All positive cases by ISH showed detectable P21WAF1/Cip1 protein reactivity by IHC. No relationship was found between P21WAF1/Cip1 staining and P53 mutational status. No associations were seen with tumor metastasis, size and tumor grade, except for tumor differentiation status which showed higher frequency of P21WAF1/Cip1 expression in moderate-well differentiated HCCs than poorly differentiated tumors (P < 0.05). It is concluded that expression of P21WAF1/Cip1 is common in HCCs, but does not correlate with P53 mutational status or pathological parameters investigated except for tumor differentiation. Also, there may be other factors beside P53 that regulate P21WAF1/Cip1 gene expression in HCCs.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Glucocorticoid resistance in the squirrel monkey is associated with overexpression of the immunophilin FKBP51.

Squirrel monkeys are neotropical primates that have high circulating cortisol to compensate for expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) with reduced affinity. The low binding affinity of squirrel monkey GR does not result from substitutions in the receptor, because squirrel monkey GR expressed in vitro exhibits high affinity. Rather, squirrel monkeys express a soluble factor that, in mixing studies of cytosol from squirrel monkey lymphocytes (SML) and mouse L929 cells, reduced GR binding affinity by 11-fold. In an effort to identify this factor, the cellular levels of components of the GR heterocomplex in SML and human lymphocytes (HL) were compared. The immunophilin FKBP51 was 13-fold higher in SML than in HL cytosol; FKBP52 in SML was 42% of that in HL cytosol. A role for changes in immunophilins, causing glucocorticoid resistance in neotropical primates, is supported by the following: the changes in FKBP51 and FKBP52 were observed in cells from other neotropical primates with glucocorticoid resistance; the elevated level of FKBP51 was reflected in an abundance of FKBP51 in heat shock protein 90 complexes in SML; when cytosols of SML and L929 cells were mixed, the decrease in GR binding was associated with incorporation of FKBP51 into GR heterocomplexes; the effect of SML cytosol on GR binding was reproduced with cytosol from COS cells expressing squirrel monkey FKBP51; and both the effect of SML cytosol on GR binding and the incorporation of FKBP51 into GR heterocomplexes were blocked by FK506. Regulation of GR binding by FKBP51 represents a previously unrecognized mechanism for regulating glucocorticoid sensitivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Comparison of subclinical infection rates between vaccinated group with type I inactivated vaccine against hemorrhagic fever and controls].

OBJECTIVE: To compare subclinical infection rate in the vaccinated group with type I inactivated vaccine against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with that in the controls and to understand its enhancement. METHODS: A trial field was selected in Jiande County, Zhejiang Province during July 1974 to November 1997. Paired-sera before and after vaccination were collected from 401 vaccinee and 360 controls, respectively. Serum titer of indirect immunofluorescent IgG antibody (IFAT) against HFRS was detected for each of them, and its cut-off value depended on the distribution of serum antibody titer in the second determination in the controls, which could be used to evaluate subclinical infection before vaccination. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in subclinical infection between those with positive and negative IFAT before vaccination, with different cut-off values for identifying subclinical infection. In both vaccinated and control groups with negative IFA before vaccination, subclinical infection rate was 7.62% in the controls, and 2.17% and 1.63% in the vaccinated ones, with cut-off values of 1:160 and 1:320, respectively, significantly different from that in the former. Subclinical infection rate was 11.38% and 6.78% in the vaccinated ones, as cut-off values of 1:20 and 1:40, respectively, without significant difference from the controls. CONCLUSION: No increase in subclinical infection in the vaccinated group with type I inactivated vaccine against HFRS was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[A study on immunogenicity and safety of bivalent inactivated vaccine against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To study side effects and effectiveness of bivalent inactivated vaccine against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in population of a randomized controlled field trial. METHODS: Serum indirect immunofluorescent antibody in 167 persons and neutralization antibody (types I and II) in 69 persons, who received three-dose vaccine, were determined two weeks after immunization, and side effects in 657 vaccinees were observed within 72 houses after immunization. RESULTS: Serum positive conversion rate of indirect immunofluorescent antibody was 99.04% (166/167) with GMT of 24.51 +/- 2.06. Serum positive conversion rate of neutralization antibody was 100% (69/69), 91.30% (63/69) for types I and 88.41% (61/69) for type II, respectively. GMTs for type I and II neutralization antibody were 18.27 +/- 2.21 and 12.47 +/- 2.16, respectively. Side effects at local site vaccinated of the body and temperature rising could be seen in 1.48% and 0.36% of the vaccinees, respectively. No severe side effect and abnormal reaction was found in vaccinees on the field. CONCLUSION: Immune response to bivalent inactivated vaccine against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was satisfactory with slight side effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of feishuling on production of tumor necrosis factor alpha from hamster alveolar macrophages].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Feishuling on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from hamster alveolar macrophages in vitro and investigate the mechanism of its preventive and therapeutic effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD). METHOD: Alveolar macrophages were harvested through bronchoalveolar lavage and cultured, Feishuling were added to the culture medium with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) simultaneously or 6 h after LPS. TNF-alpha production in the culture supernatants was tested by ELISA assay and the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in the cells was measured through in situ hybridization. RESULT: After administration of Feishuling, the content of TNF-alpha in the supernatants and the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in the cells were decreased more significantly than those in LPS stimulation group(P < 0.01), and there was a dose-effect relationship, but no significant differences were observed as compared with the simple culture medium group(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The effect of reducing the production of TNF-alpha from alveolar macrophages and inhibiting the damage mediated by TNF-alpha might be a part of the mechanism of Feishuling to prevent and treat COPD.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Study on the combination of isotachophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography for the separation of complex samples].

A method on the combination of isotachophoresis (ITP) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the separation and analysis of the complex samples containing proteins and metals is proposed. The instrumental system consisted of a self-made Model OCEP-1 isotachophoresis analyser, main parts of Waters high performance liquid chromatograph and a self-made Model IHI-1 interface. The interface is simple and convenient to use. The injection volume of the interface was determined accurately with a neutralization titration method. In ITP experiment the leading electrolyte was 2.5 mmol/L HCl containing 30 mmol/L of 18-crown-6; the terminating electrolyte was 5 mmol/L Tris+Cl-(pH 6.0); ITP current, 40 microA; detection of metal ions, potential gradient detector. In HPLC experiment the column was a mu-Bondapak C18, reversed-phase column, 4 mm x 200 mm, 10 microns, 12.5 nm; the mobile phase A, V(isopropanol with 5% volume fraction):V(butanol) = 2:1 containing 2.2 mmol/L HCl (pH 2.63); the mobile phase B, V(isopropanol with 50% volume fraction):V(butanol) = 2:1; low pressure gradient elution, mobile phase B changed from 0 to 70% in 17.5 minutes; flow rate, 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength 225 nm; temperature, 25 degrees C. The experimental results showed that proteins were interfered in the determination of the metals with ITP method. It also showed that HPLC with the use of C18 column can separate the proteins but not the metal ions. By using this new combination system, a complex sample of the proteins and metal ions was injected to the HPLC, the proteins Lys, BSA and OVA were well separated in HPLC, while NH4+, K+, Na+, and Ca2+ were less retained and eluted first. Then the latter was introduced into the system of the ITP with the aid of the interface for separation. Satisfactory results were obtained.

Calcium↗
PubMed1999

[The morphometric analysis of lung on protective effect of Chinese herbs 814 on elastase-induced emphysema in hamsters].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the protective effect of Chinese herbal medicine 814 on elastase-induced emphysema in hamsters. METHODS: Animals were injected intratrachealy with elastase for emphysematous models, prophylactic-therapeutic groups were administrate with 814 through esophagus two weeks before the instillation of elastase untill animals were killed at three different time at first, second, and third month. Pulmonary artery pressure, blood gas analysis, heart index and the ratio of dried weight to wet weight of lungs (WW/DW) were examined. The lung paraffin sections were measured mean linear intercept (MLI), mean alveolar number (MAN), ratio of parenchyma area to total area (PA/TA) by the microscope-computer morphometric analysis system. RESULTS: WW/DW in the prophylactic-therapeutic groups was recovered at the same level with the controls, whereas the emphysematous were significantly increased (P < 0.05); and compared with the emphysematous groups, the prophylactictherapeutic groups significantly decreased in MLI, increased in MAN and PA/TA (P < 0.001 or P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of 814 could partly inhibit the development of emphysema induced by elestase in hamsters.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship to tumor growth and metastasis.

To understand the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the growth, metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), immunohistochemistry and Northern blot were used to investigate VEGF protein and mRNA in 21 cases of HCC with and without metastasis. VEGF protein was found in 8 of 9 cases with metastasis, whereas only in 4 of 12 cases without metastasis. The positive rate of the former was significantly higher than that in the latter. VEGF mRNA was detectable in both carcinoma and its surrounding liver tissues, but its level in the former was 2-3 times higher than that in the latter. In carcinoma with metastasis, the mRNA level was 5-6 times higher than that without metastasis. It is concluded that VEGF is closely related to the growth of HCC as well as its metastasis and it might be a useful indicator for the metastatic potential of HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1998

Towards Arabidopsis genome analysis: monitoring expression profiles of 1400 genes using cDNA microarrays.

cDNA microarrays containing 1443 Arabidopsis thaliana genes were analyzed for expression profiles in major organs of Arabidopsis plants. Novel expression profiles were identified for many coding sequences with putative gene identifications. Expression patterns of novel sequences provided clues to their possible functions. The results demonstrate how microarrays containing a large number of Arabidopsis genes can provide a powerful tool for plant gene discovery, functional analysis and elucidation of genetic regulatory networks.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1998

Analysis of FKBP51/FKBP52 chimeras and mutants for Hsp90 binding and association with progesterone receptor complexes.

FKBP51, FKBP52, and Cyp40 bind competitively to Hsp90 through their respective tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains, and any one of the three immunophilins can be isolated in mature steroid receptor complexes. During cell-free assembly reactions, FKBP51 associates preferentially with progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors, but less preference is observed in FKBP51 association with estrogen receptor. A number of mutant FKBP forms were generated to map sequences responsible for FKBP51's preferred association with progesterone receptor. A double-point mutation in the peptidyl prolyl isomerase domain of FKBP51 that reduces enzymatic activity by greater than 90% had no observed effect on FKBP51 interactions with progesterone receptor or Hsp90. Coprecipitation of FKBP51 and FKBP52 truncation mutants with Hsp90 indicated that sequences both upstream and downstream of the TPR domain are necessary for Hsp90 binding. FKBP chimeric constructs were also generated and tested for Hsp90 binding and receptor association. The TPR domain of FKBP51 required appropriate downstream sequences for Hsp90 binding, but FKBP52's TPR domain did not. The C-terminal region of FKBP51 that functionally interacts with the TPR domain to permit Hsp90 binding also conferred preferential association with PR. In conclusion, despite the overall similarity of FKBP51 and FKBP52, these two immunophilins associate differentially with steroid receptors, and the difference relates to both the Hsp90-binding TPR domain and to poorly conserved C-terminal sequences.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of ganglioside GM1 on the metabolism of Alzheimer amyloid beta-protein precursor].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of GM1 ganglioside interfering the metabolism of amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP) on cells for exploring the relationship between GM1 and development of Alzheimer senile plaques and the other amyloidoses. METHODS: GM1 influencing the metabolism of APP and the release of its metabolite secretory APP on human APP695 cDNA transfected cells were detected by metabolic radiolabeling. The affinity of GM1 and recombinant secretory APP was analyzed by Western blot and dot blot. RESULTS: GM1 specifically bound APP, and interfered the proteolysis of APP and inhibited the release of secretory APP on cells. CONCLUSION: The abnormal metabolism of GM1 may contribute to the aggregation and deposition of amyloid beta-protein in Alzheimer brains.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1998

The inhibitory effects of Radix Astragali on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension of rats.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effects of Radix Astragali (RA) on hypoxic structural remodeling of intraacinar pulmonary arteries (IAPA) and pulmonary hypertension (PHT). METHODS: Sixty rats were divided into three groups: hypoxia group, hypoxia + RA group and normal control group. The rats of hypoxia group and hypoxia + RA group were fed in hypoxic environment under normal atmospheric pressure (10% O2, 10 h/day). On the 15th and 30th day of hypoxia, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) were measured and pulmonary vessel changes were studied under light and electron microscope and with morphometric analysis. RESULTS: Compared with the result of hypoxia + RA group, RA could relieve IAPA wall cell injuries and dilate the constricted IAPA induced by hypoxia. RA could also inhibit hypertrophic changes in the tunica media and proliferation of adventitial cells of the IAPA and muscularization of nonmuscular arteries. CONCLUSION: By preserving the IAPA wall cells and dilating IAPA, RA may play an important role in inhibiting the remodeling of IAPA and preventing PHT.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The influence of Kupffer cells on experimental hepatocarcinogenesis].

OBJECTIVE: In order to explore the influence of Kupffer cells on experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: A comparative study on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), ras P21, p53 protein and c-myc gene by means of immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization during the diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis performed in rats with and without pretreatment with gadolinium chloride (GC) which might effectively block the activity of Kupffer cells. RESULTS: There was no marked difference in the expression of PCNA and EGF in the liver tissue between the above two groups animals. The positive rate of ras P21 was markedly higher in the GC + DENA group than in the DENA group. The positive rate of p53 protein in GC + DENA group was slightly higher than that of the DENA group, however, the appearance of expression was markedly earlier in the former group (in the 11th and the 19th week respectively). The expression intensity of c-myc gene was markedly higher in GC + DENA group that in DENA group. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that Kupffer cells can reduce hepatotoxicity induced by chemical carcinogen, and Kupffer cells may play an inhibitory effect on the process of hepatocarcinogenesis.

Animals↗