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Biomedical subjects

Y Onodera

Publications and source records attributed to Y Onodera.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Distribution of IS901 in strains of Mycobacterium avium complex from swine by using IS901-detecting primers that discriminate between M. avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare.

The presence of the mycobacterial insertion sequence IS901 was studied by PCR with reference strains of Mycobacterium avium complex; 122 veterinary strains of mycobacteria, mainly M. avium complex, isolated from swine; and 15 clinical strains. Four kinds of DNA extraction methods for PCR were compared. Use of the commercial extraction matrix allowed for the faster and easier preparation of PCR-amplifiable DNA than use of NaOH heating extraction or sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction of pretreated mycobacteria. It also provided more effective protection than boiling extraction against the destruction of DNA. Four reference strains of serovars 1 to 3 possessed IS901. Nine reference strains of serovars 1, 4 to 6, 8 to 11, and 21 possessed only IS901 insertion sites. A novel PCR product was found in the other reference strains of serovars 7, 12 to 17, 19, and 20 and two clinical strains of serovar 15. It is suggested that the primers that amplified the insertion portion of IS901 divided the M. avium complex into M. avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and other mycobacteria. None of the 110 strains of M. avium complex isolated from swine possessed IS901. It is suggested that the absence of IS901 might be characteristic of swine-derived strains of M. avium complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Cystic ectopic pituitary adenoma: report of a case].

A 68-year-old man was admitted with suprasellar cystic tumor with obstructive hydrocephalus, and complaining of slowly progressive memory disturbance, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. Neurological examination revealed bilateral visual disturbance and disorientation. Skull X-ray films revealed no dilatation of sella turnica and mild erosion of the dorsum sellae. A cystic suprasellar tumor was revealed extending upward to the third ventricular floor and the solid part of the tumor was homogeneously enhanced with Gd-DTPA on MRI. The T1-weighted sagittal MR image revealed a normal pituitary gland and the diaphragma sellae below the tumor. The tumor was totally removed via a bifrontal basal interhemispheric approach, and the tumor was attached to the pituitary stalk and was not contiguous with the pituitary gland. The histological diagnosis was sinusoidal type of chromophobe and non-functioning adenoma. Postoperative MRI revealed a preserved normal pituitary gland and the stalk. To our knowledge, only 11 cases of suprasellar ectopic pituitary adenoma have been reported. We reviewed their neuroradiological features and discussed the pathogenesis. In particular, cystic and nonfunctioning suprasellar ectopic pituitary adenoma may be difficult to distinguish from craniopharyngioma.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1995

[Expression of PCNA/cyclin, p53, C-erbB-2 versus histological grade in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder].

It is important to know the proliferating ability and the malignant potential of tumor tissues. We have examined the expression of PCNA/cyclin, p53 and C-erbB-2 in transitional cell carcinoma of the human urinary bladder by an immunohistochemical method, and compared the results with the histological grade, stage and survival rate. Immunohistochemical studies, using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, on these proteins were performed with formaline fixed-paraffin sections of tumor tissue from 40 patients with bladder cancer. Generally, a higher grade and higher stage tumors expressed PCNA/cyclin, p53 and C-erbB-2 with a greater frequency than the tumors with a lower grade and lower stage and strongly stained cases had a lower survival rate than weakly stained cases. These findings suggest that the detection of each antigen is useful for estimating the malignant potential of transitional cell carcinoma as the adjuvant studies, because of its applicability to paraffin-embedded tissue sections and its simple, rapid technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Investigation of discrepancy between 99mTc-HMPAO and 133Xe rCBF SPECT; a comparative study with X-ray CT findings].

To investigate the discrepancy between 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) and 133Xe rCBF SPECT, the findings of thirty patients with reasonable rCBF reduction on 133Xe SPECT were compared with HMPAO SPECT and X-ray CT. The subjects did not include the cases of acute and subacute CVD. Both SPECT were performed within two weeks by ring-type dynamic SPECT (HEADTOME, Simadzu, Japan). In comparison between the SPECT findings by 133Xe and 99mTc-HMPAO, the subjects were classified into three groups as follow. Group A: Similar findings in the both SPECT were noted in 6 cases (20%). Group B: Smaller findings on HMPAO SPECT than that by 133Xe were in 11 cases (37%). Group C: No findings of rCBF reduction on HMPAO SPECT were in 13 cases (43%). The rCBF of the lesion measured by 133Xe SPECT in the group C was 24-35 ml/100 g/min. The density of HMPAO in the lesion did not correlate with the rCBF value. Only the severity of CT findings tend to correlate with the density of HMPAO. These results suggest that the reduction of HMPAO density depends directly on some kind of neural injury rather than the rCBF value. The injury may be caused by the flow reduction under the threshold of each neural cell. So the correlation between HMPAO density and actual rCBF might show like sigmoid curve. Then the HMPAO SPECT might directly reflect the regional extraction and fixation ratio, and the reduction of blood flow cause the minute neural-injury in the lesion of moderately reduced rCBF.

Brain↗
PubMed1994

Difference in binding sites of autoantibodies against 230- and 170-kD bullous pemphigoid antigens on salt-split skin.

The purpose of this study is to clarify a relationship between bullous pemphigoid autoantibodies against two major BP antigens, 230 kilodalton (kD) (BPAG1) and 180 kD (BPAG2) and their binding sites, using immunoblot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence on salt-split skin. Of the 135 sera obtained from patients in whom bullous pemphigoid had previously been diagnosed by clinical and immunopathologic criteria, all 52 sera recognizing only BPAG1 stained only the epidermal side of split skin (epidermal pattern). Of 24 sera recognizing only BPAG2, 20 showed the epidermal pattern and four stained both the epidermal and dermal sides (combined pattern). Of 42 recognizing both BPAG1 and BPAG2, 35 showed the epidermal pattern and seven showed the combined pattern. Of 17 that reacted with neither antigen, nine showed the epidermal pattern, four showed the combined pattern, and four stained only the dermal side (dermal pattern). Two of the four cases that showed a dermal pattern were retrospectively identified as epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that a serum with combined pattern bound to both intracellular and extracellular sites of hemidesmosomes. Our results suggest that autoantibodies that react solely with BPAG1 bind exclusively to the epidermal side of salt-split skin and never show either a combined or a dermal pattern, and that most antibodies against BPAG2 bind to the epidermal side. The combined pattern suggests the presence of autoantibodies against the extracellular epitopes of BPAG2 that are separated from the epidermis during the salt-splitting process.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1994

Prenatal diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa: first successful trial in Asia.

Prenatal diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) using fetal skin biopsy specimens has been successfully performed in Europe and America, but this technique has not previously been attempted in Asia. For the first time in Asia, we attempted to make a prenatal diagnosis of EB in a high-risk fetus by fetal skin biopsy. A skin biopsy was obtained from the fetus at risk of gravis type junctional epidermolysis bullosa of Herlitz. The biopsy specimen was studied by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry using various monoclonal antibodies against the epidermal basement membrane zone (BMZ). There were no ultrastructural abnormalities in the BMZ, including the hemidesmosomes. Indirect immunofluorescence showed normal expression of GB3 antigen. The pregnancy was continued, and a normal, healthy infant was born. The prenatal diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa is now available in Tokyo. This clinical diagnostic service is available to families from various parts of Asia.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1994

[Studies on skin irritation with urostomy--the gross and histologic evaluation of the attached area with urostomy].

The degree of damage on the peristomal skin of 42 patients who accepted the urostomy was visually and histologically evaluated. The incidence of damages on the areas of the skin where the materials was applied was 85.7%. The occurrence of non-active lesions (mainly permanent pigment change) was statistically more significant than the active lesions (mainly redness) [p < 0.05]. The incidence of skin lesions using the skin barrier agents was significantly lower statistically than the incidence with the adhesive medication indicating a superior treatment for the skin condition [p < 0.05]. Although the gross appearances were normal, the microscopic and electron microscopic evaluations detected chronic damages indicating comparatively evident changes. The results suggest that these histological evaluations are useful in examining the damage on peristomal skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Intracranial vertebral artery dissection in Wallenberg syndrome.

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of vertebral artery dissection in Wallenberg syndrome. METHODS: Sixteen patients (12 men, 4 women; mean age at ictus, 51.6 years) with symptoms of Wallenberg syndrome and an infarction demonstrated in the lateral medulla on MR were reviewed retrospectively. The study items were as follows: (a) headache as clinical signs, in particular, occipitalgia and/or posterior neck pain at ictus; (b) MR findings, such as intramural hematoma on T1-weighted images, intimal flap on T2-weighted images, and double lumen on three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled acquisition in a steady state with gadopentetate dimeglumine; (c) direct angiographic findings of dissection, such as double lumen, intimal flap, and resolution of stenosis on follow-up angiography; and (d) indirect angiographic findings of dissection (such as string sign, pearl and string sign, tapered narrowing, etc). Patients were classified as definite dissection if they had reliable MR findings (ie, intramural hematoma, intimal flap, and enhancement of wall and septum) and/or direct angiographic findings; as probable dissection if they showed both headache and suspected findings (ie, double lumen on 3-D spoiled gradient-recalled acquisition in a steady state or indirect angiographic findings); and as suspected dissection in those with only headache or suspected findings. RESULTS: Seven of 16 patients were classified as definite dissection, 3 as probable dissection, and 3 as suspected dissection. Four patients were considered to have bilateral vertebral artery dissection on the basis of MR findings. CONCLUSIONS: Vertebral artery dissection is an important cause of Wallenberg syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A case of transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate].

A 46-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of gross hematuria and renal failure. The patient had undergone right nephrectomy 10 years earlier suffering from nephrotuberculosis, and the remaining left side manifested severe hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). After the immediate nephrostomy, renal function was recovered and hematuria was improved preservatively. By the rectal examination, a goose egg size and stony hard prostate was detected. The needle biopsy of the prostate revealed pathologically transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) G2, and the image findings showed stage of T4N0M0 of the prostatic carcinoma. Modified pelvic exenteration was performed, and specimens were examined by the step section method. The diagnosis was TCC, G2 > G3 and stage of pT4N0 in the right lobe of the prostate. This case is she 20th reported case in Japan. We emphasize the importance of the mapping of dissected specimens and the reviewed literature.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of bladder tumor staging by submucosonography].

Submucosonography to stage tumors of the esophagus and stomach is well reported. Here we report our experience with a modified procedure to evaluate the stage of bladder tumor cystoscopically and compare the results of staging by other methods. The evaluation was carried out on accuracy 10 patients (10 bladder tumors). A water soluble contrast medium (CM: lohexol 33 mg/ml) was injected into the submucosa of the bladder cystoscopically. Usually the injected point was one centimeter to the urethral margin of the tumor and up to three points were selected. Within 30 minutes after the injection, the lateral and frontal X-ray pictures were taken. The accuracies of staging by submucosonography were compared with the results of other methods, i.g., ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). By submucosonography, three categories depending on the diffusion of CM were classified as follows. Type I: (diffuse type) without disturbance of diffusion. Type II: (borderline type) between type I and III. Type III: (defect type) local disturbance of diffusion. Overall accuracies of each were 70.0% (submucosonography), 62.5% (US), 44.4% (CT), 66.7% (MRI) respectively. The accuracies of submucosonography were high in stage Ta, above stage T2 and low in stage T1.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Cryofixed, freeze-dried and paraffin-embedded skin enables successful immunohistochemical staining of skin basement membrane antigens.

Conventional chemical fixation and paraffin-embedding procedures give good preservation of morphology, although the antigenicity of many proteins in the tissue sample is destroyed. On the other hand, fresh frozen sections can preserve the antigenicity, but provide poor morphological preservation. To overcome this dilemma, cryofixation and freeze drying were used on human skin tissue, applying methodology which has only been used to study lymphoid tissue. First, fresh human skin was cryofixed in liquid isopentane (-160 degrees C) cooled by liquid nitrogen. The skin was then freeze-dried at -40 degrees C and 10(-2) atmospheric pressure for 72 h, followed by embedding in paraffin. Sections 4 microns thick taken from this cryofixed, freeze-dried, and paraffin-embedded skin were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or used for immunolabeling with antibodies against basement membrane antigen, including type IV and type VII collagen, bullous pemphigoid antigen, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen, and GB3 antigen. The morphological preservation of these sections was as good as that of routine formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded skin sections. The basement membrane was clearly immunostained with all antibodies used, and the intensity of the reaction was as strong as that seen in frozen sections. Evaluation of antigen distribution in conjunction with the detailed skin structure was therefore possible in the same sections.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of the bladder tumor marker "Tu-MARK-BTA"].

Bladder tumor antigen (BTA) is a tumor marker isolated from the urine of individuals with TCC of the bladder. This antigen can be detected by the Tu-MARK BTA test, a simple and rapid slide latex agglutination test performed on freshly voided urine. Sensitivity and specificity of BTA were calculated, and the correlation with pathological grade, histological stage, and urinary findings were statistically evaluated (chi 2-test) in 110 patients (72 male, 38 female; age: 16-91, mean age 54.4) examined between September, 1989 and April, 1990 including 46 TCC of the bladder (primary 28, secondary 18; grade 1:10, grade 2:27, grade 3:9, pTis: 2, pTa: 2, pT1: 23, pT2: 5, pT3: 4, pT4: 2), and 64 benign diseases. Sensitivity was 45.6%, specificity was 60.9%. In bladder tumor cases a correlation was seen between BTA and stage (p less than 0.02), and between BTA and grade (P less than 0.05). The positive ratio was higher in T1-T4 (55.9%) than in Tis.Ta (p less than 0.02). A high positive ratio of BTA was seen in bladder tumor cases with hematuria (70%, p less than 0.01) and pyuria (86.7%, p less than 0.01). This method is easy and rapid and the values are highly correlated with stage. Therefore, it should be useful for not only screening but followup of bladder tumor. Furthermore, BTA in combination with urine cytology is a more useful way for diagnosing TCC of the bladder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

T cell receptor gene rearrangement analysis in mycosis fungoides and disseminated lymphocytoma cutis.

A cDNA from the CT beta 2 region of the T cell receptor gene was used as a probe to investigate the clonal composition of T cells in the skin lesions of 3 patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and 1 patient with disseminated lymphocytoma cutis (DLC). All of these skin lesions showed helper/inducer T cell dominant infiltration. Clonal T cell populations, as evidenced by rearranged DNA bands, were demonstrated in all the skin lesions of the 3 patients with MF, but not in the lesion of the patient with DLC. The patients with MF appeared to have the same gene rearrangement pattern in DNA obtained from separate lesions, providing evidence that the T cells in both sites were derived from the same clone. Our results show that this gene rearrangement analysis helps to diagnose difficult cases of lymphoproliferative disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A case of linear IgA bullous dermatosis of childhood: immunoelectron microscopic and IgA subclass studies.

A 2-year-old girl developed small tense bullae on the diaper area, face and extremities. Immunofluorescent studies revealed linear deposits of IgA, IgM and C3 at the basement membrane zone (BMZ). In addition, IgA2 deposits, as well as IgA1, were clearly demonstrated in the lesional skin. However, in circulation, only IgA1 anti-BMZ antibodies were found. Immunoelectron microscopic study showed IgA deposits just underneath the basilar surface of the basal cells, which seemed to be associated with hemidesmosomes. The survey of the literature suggests that the involvement of IgA2 is extremely rare in this disease.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemical studies on bladder tumours. Evaluation by CEA, ferritin, beta 2-MG, keratin and glycogen].

The focus of my study was the immunohistological expressions of bladder tumour cells when stained by several antigens, those being; Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Ferritin, Beta 2 Microglobulin (beta 2-MG), Keratin and Glycogen. There were 59 cases of bladder cancer studied using the Peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique (PAP) of staining. Specimens were formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded, and then sectioned. Some correlation was found between histological grade, stage and CEA incidence but was not found in the Ferritin or beta 2-MG. Keratin and Glycogen were detected in all cases. These staining patterns were mosaic according to higher grade and stage. It is believed this demonstrates that immunohistochemical expressions of staining with CEA, Keratin, and Glycogen may be a sensitive indicator of histological grade, stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemical studies on bladder tumours. Immunohistochemical evaluation on intravesical therapy for bladder tumours].

The focus of my study was the immunohistochemical studies of tumour cells induced by ADM intravesical instillation therapy when stained by several antigens, those being; Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Ferritin, Beta 2 Microglobulin (beta 2-MG), Keratin and Glycogen before and after the therapy. Then I discussed as to their value in indicating therapeutic efficacy. There were 18 cases of bladder cancer studied using the Peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique (PAP) of staining. Data indicated a 44.4% response rate following therapy with intravesical ADM. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed improvement as indicated by not staining with CEA. Also observed was no change and slightly diffuse staining with Keratin: and a decrease in all layers of Glycogen expression: However this could not be observed with the Ferritin or beta 2-MG. It is believed this demonstrates that immunohistochemical expressions of staining with CEA, Keratin, and Glycogen may be a sensitive indicator of a therapeutic response to intravesical ADM.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1990

[Single drug chemotherapy with 5-FU oral administration of bladder cancer].

58-year-old male with bladder cancer complicated acute myocardial infarction (aMI) were treated by 5-FU 300 mg/day orally for approximately one and a half months as single drug chemotherapy preoperatively. CT studies showed PR in bladder lesion and an improvement of bilateral hydronephrosis also. Biochemical evaluations as Thymidylate synthase inhibition and FdUMP were made on biopsy and operative specimens of urinary bladder. Clinical trials with 5-FU oral administration in bladder cancer were not held widely. Although its effectiveness and safety has been accepted in several fields. It was useful for a conservative operation case as single drug chemotherapy.

Administration, Oral↗