Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Ono

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ono.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

IgM neutralizing antibody responses to human herpesvirus-6 in patients with exanthem subitum or organ transplantation.

The assay for detecting IgM neutralizing (NT) antibody activity to human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) was developed by using pretreatment of blood sample with staphylococcal protein A. The activity was mostly present in IgM fractions of serum but not in IgA fractions separated by ultracentrifugation. The assay was used for seroepidemiological studies for HHV-6 infection. In primary HHV-6 infection, IgM NT antibodies appeared 5 to 7 days after onset of exanthem subitum, reached maximum titers at 2 to 3 weeks, and tended to decline to undetectable levels after 2 months. In contrast, reactivation of HHV-6 observed in organ transplants showed somewhat greater degree of IgM NT antibody responses that persisted for 2 to 3 months and became undetectable 5 to 6 months after transplantation. The level and persistence of NT antibody titers measured by the conventional method was generally greater than those of the IgM titers. The prevalence of the IgM NT antibodies was examined in healthy individuals. The antibody was first detected at 4 to 7 months of age (5%), reached maximum level at 8 to 11 months (40%), and was detectable by 4 to 6 years (17%). A few (4 to 5%) of adolescents and adults were positive for the antibody.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Establishment of stable cell lines producing anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa monoclonal antibodies and their protective effects for the infection in mice.

Human-human hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for five major serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were developed by fusing P. aeruginosa primed and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cells with human myeloma P109 cells using polyethyleneglycol. The MoAbs which were produced by the hybridomas were protective against lethal intraperitoneal (i.p.) challenge of P. aeruginosa (10 LD50) in mice. The 50% effective dose (ED50) values of MoAbs ranged from 0.5 to 10.2 micrograms/mouse and were 26 to 240 times more protective than a commercial human IgG preparation. MoAb administration to mice promoted bacterial clearance in peritoneal cavity, and prevented bacterial invasion into blood in the way of increasing both the number of bacteria trapped by a macrophage and the ratio of macrophages that trapped bacteria. MoAbs also showed protective effects against lethal infection of P. aeruginosa in the mice which were decreased in polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) by cyclophosphamide (CY). All MoAbs showed serotype-specific binding to the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa as well as to the immunized strains. The hybridoma cell lines maintained their capacity to produce MoAb continuously for more than 12 months and produced 10 to 60 micrograms MoAbs per 10(6) cells in 24 hr. It is practicable to use these cell lines for large-scale production of anti-P. aeruginosa MoAbs and such MoAbs must be useful for the therapeutics of patients with P. aeruginosa infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Age-related changes in occipital alpha rhythm of adults with Down syndrome.

A power spectral analysis was performed on occipital EEGs recorded from 36 Down Syndrome (DS) subjects aged 15 to 54 and compared with two control groups; 47 healthy volunteers (Control) and 42 mentally retarded people without DS (MR). The frequencies of occipital alpha rhythms of DS showed a significant inverse correlation with chronological age, while Control and MR did not. The average frequencies of DS were significantly low even in the youngest age-group in comparison with those of Control, and also decreased in the age-groups of 35 and older compared with MR. It was considered that a slowing of alpha rhythm was a manifestation of premature aging that occurred in the underdeveloped brains of DS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Dose dependent effects of chronic exposure to toluene on neuronal and glial cell marker proteins in the central nervous system of rats.

The dose dependent effects of chronic exposure to toluene on the neuronal marker proteins (gamma-enolase, calbindin-D28k) and glial cell marker proteins (alpha-enolase, creatine kinase-B, and beta-S100 protein) were investigated in the central nervous system (CNS) of rats. Three groups of animals were exposed to 100 ppm, 300 ppm, or 1000 ppm toluene vapour eight hours a day, six days a week for 16 weeks. The contents of the marker substances were determined with enzyme immunoassays. A significant increase in the three glial cell marker proteins was noted in the cerebellum after exposure to 100 ppm toluene; a more pronounced increase occurred at the higher toluene concentrations. beta-S100 protein also exhibited a dose dependent increase in the brainstem and spinal cord. On the other hand, the two neuronal cell markers did not show a quantitative decrease in the CNS. This means that the development of gliosis, rather than neurone death, is induced by chronic exposure to toluene. The significant biochemical changes induced around the threshold limit value and the concentration dependent alterations suggest that these nerve specific marker proteins may be used to evaluate solvent related damage to the CNS.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Diffusion of cefmenoxime and latamoxef into prostatic fluid in the patients with acute bacterial prostatitis.

Twenty-two patients with acute bacterial prostatitis were treated with cefmenoxime (CMX) or latamoxef (LMOX), which have susceptibilities against various gram-negative bacteria. First 11 patients received a 5- to 12-day course of cefmenoxime and the next 11 received a 6- to 13-day course of latamoxef. All patients were treated successfully except 1 patient with a drug allergy. Diffusion of CMX or LMOX into prostatic fluid in these patients and healthy controls were evaluated. The mean value of CMX in the expressed prostatic fluid was 12.8 micrograms/ml in the patients receiving 2 g of CMX intravenously and 0.7 micrograms/ml in the controls. The mean value of LMOX was 14.0 micrograms/ml in the patients receiving 2 g of LMOX intravenously and 1.2 micrograms/ml in the controls. The diffusion of CMX and LMOX into prostatic fluid in the patients with acute bacterial prostatitis was strikingly higher than that of controls.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1992

[Masticatory training with chewing gum on young children].

Mastication is a developmental function. It matures through learning experiences. The biting force is one of the components of masticatory function. The biting force increases with age. During the developmental stage, it is believed feasible to enhance the maturation of the masticatory function by increasing the biting force. The previous results of masticatory training for adults and school children had revealed 20% to 30% increase of the biting force. In this study, masticatory training with specially fabricated chewing gum for young (preschool) children was performed. The subjects were 5 males and 5 females from 3 years old to 5 years old. These children were instructed to bite on the chewing gum for 5 minutes, 2 times a day, for 3 months. The results show that there was a 94% average increase of biting force after 3 months of training. It was also noted that the rate of the increase of the biting force was remarkable during the first month of training.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[A case with arteriovenous fistula from renal injury].

We report on a 58-year-old male treated with transcatheter embolization for arteriovenous fistula due to renal injury. The patient was transferred to our hospital on December 10, 1989, with left renal injury and left temporal bone fractures. Enhanced CT revealed parenchymal fracture with peri-renal hematoma in the left kidney. Antibiotics were prescribed to prevent bacterial infection of the injured kidney. Urine cleared and pain in the left loin area disappeared 17 days later. However, on December 28, gross hematuria and pain in the left flank suddenly reappeared. He was given a blood transfusion and was diagnosed with re-bleeding from the injured kidney. Renal angiography performed on January 10, 1990, revealed arteriovenous fistula of the kidney. Transcatheter embolization was done using a metal coil to close the arteriovenous fistula. The patient has had no further problems or complaints. Excretory pyelogram showed no hydronephrosis in the left kidney. TcDMSA renoscintiscan showed a defect in the mid-portion of the kidney. These results suggest that transcatheter embolization can be useful to alleviate arteriovenous fistula in cases of renal injury.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1992

[Urodynamic findings in patients with a urethral Kock pouch after radical cystectomy].

Urodynamic evaluation was performed in 11 male patients, who underwent radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection for bladder cancer followed by bladder replacement with a urethral Kock pouch, 3 to 21 months after the operation. Frequency of micturition were 4.9 +/- 1.5 times (mean +/- S.D.) during the day-time and 1.5 +/- 1.2 times during the night-time. Tidal volume of micturition ranged from 300 to 550 ml and residual volume from 10 to 30 ml. Urinary continence was completely preserved in all patients (100%) during the day-time and 8 (72.7%) during the night-time. On pouchmetry, maximum capacity of the pouch was 429.2 +/- 82.4 ml, and intra-pouch pressure was 16.2 +/- 5.4 cmH2O at the capacity of 200 ml and 38.7 +/- 11.5 cmH2O at the maximum capacity. Maximum intra-pouch pressure on voiding was 80.0 +/- 19.4 cmH2O. Uroflowmetry demonstrated intermittent voiding curves in all the patients, with maximum flow rate of 15.2 +/- 6.5 ml/sec, voided volume of 405.9 +/- 80.7 ml and residual rate of 4.5 +/- 2.6%. Maximum intra-urethral pressure at the external urethral sphincter was 28.0 +/- 11.3 cmH2O when the pouch was empty and increased in response to pouch filling up to 64.7 +/- 27.0 cmH2O. Maximum urethral closing pressure and total profile length on the urethral pressure profile were 30.2 +/- 12.4 cmH2O and 20.9 +/- 9.0 mm, respectively, with the pouch empty, and 23.2 +/- 14.5 cmH2O and 20.0 +/- 7.6 mm, respectively, with the pouch full.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Endopyeloureterotomy via transpelvic extraureteral approach].

Endopyelotomy has been established as a valuable procedure to relieve the obstruction of ureteropelvic junction or upper ureteral stenosis. However, in a case with a long stenotic segment and in a case with high insertion type of ureteropelvic junction obstruction, we had often poor results by the conventional technique. To resolve these problems, we developed a new technique of endopyeloureterotomy via transpelvic extraureteral approach. We made an auxiliary incision in renal pelvis or dilated ureter involved with stricture to pass a 22 Fr. urethrotome equipped with a cold knife into the retroperitoneal space. Then we incised a stenotic segment by the knife through the urethrotome until the normal caliber of ureteric lumen was found. A 10-16 Fr. stent was left in place in the incised segment for 3 weeks. We treated 38 patients with ureteropelvic junction stenosis or upper ureteral stenosis by this procedure between August 1988 and June 1990. A total of 39 procedures were performed on 39 ureteropelvic junctions or upper ureters. Original disease were congenital anomalies in 23 patients, strictures secondary to urinary calculi in 12 and postoperative strictures in 4. The length of incision was 2 to 6 cm with the average being 3.2 cm. Postoperative follow-up period ranged 4 to 32 months with the average being 19 months. Obstructive changes disappeared or improved in 37 procedures (95%). In two procedures we failed. Thus this new technique of endopyeloureterotomy might be an useful procedure to relieve ureteropelvic junction stenosis or upper ureteral stenosis with a long stenotic segment or high insertion type of ureteropelvic junction stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Nephrectomy from cadaveric donor--new procedure alternative to evisceration technique].

In Japan, it has not accepted that kidneys were harvested from a heart beating cadaveric donor. We usually removed kidneys from a donor after a donor was in cardiac arrest. To minimize warm ischemia, we employed in situ perfusion of kidneys and new procedure alternate to evisceration technique in nephrectomy from a cadaveric donor. Our procedures for the harvest of the kidneys from the cadaveric donor were presented and the clinical result of our series were reported. The kidneys was promptly perfused with chilled Ringer's lactate solution through double balloon catheter placed into the aorta, just after cardiac function ceased. Bilateral nephrectomy was performed through a long midline incision from just beneath the xyphoid bone to the pubic bone. Upon entering the abdomen, the small bowel and mesentery were retracted to the right and the posterior parietal peritoneum was incised over the great vessels and through the ligament of Treitz. The peritoneal incision was extended around the right colon so the bowel can be retracted upward and the right kidney was exposed. Then, the peritoneal incision was performed around the left colon to explore the left kidney. Both ureters were transsected as far down toward the bladder as possible. The in situ perfusion was stopped. Thereafter, the superior mesenteric artery was transsected and the duodenum and the pancreas were retracted upward. The proximal vena cava and aorta were transsected at a 2-3 cm above the level of the left renal vein, and the distal vena cava and aorta at a 5-6 cm an below the level of the left renal vein. The kidneys and the great vessels were removed in en block.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Laparoscopic nephrectomy. Preliminary report].

Laparoscopic surgery has been widely performed for removing the gallbladder and the pelvic lymph-nodes in recent years. We have applied laparoscopy technique to nephrectomy and here we describe our procedures and the clinical results. The patient is placed in the supine position under general anesthesia. After a 4 liter CO2 pneumoperitoneum is induced, five trocars are inserted into the abdominal cavity through the ipsilateral abdominal wall. The patient is then turned to the lateral position to displace the bowel medially. The ipsilateral colon is reflected medially after incision of the parietal peritoneum was made along the line of Todt to expose the retroperitoneum. The ureter was identified and dissected. It was secured with 4 clips (2 clips on the renal side and 2 on the distal side) and then cut with scissors. The renal vein and artery were then dissected and separately ligated with clips as described above. These vessels were also cut. The upper pole of the kidney was dissected out and the adrenal gland was left in place. The kidney thus became completely free within the abdomen. It was then grasped by the forceps through a 10 mm sheath positioned below the umbilicus. After incising the abdominal wall, the kidney was removed from the abdominal cavity with the grasping forceps and the sheath. By this procedure right nephrectomy was completely performed in a 56-year-old female patient and left nephrectomy in a 56-year-old male patient. The underlying disease was recurrent pyelonephritis secondary to renal calculi in both cases. The operative times were 221 min and 346 min, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Complications of Kock continent reservoir. Report of 103 cases].

We installed a Kock continent reservoir in 103 patients after radical cystectomy or pelvic exenteration between Feb. 1986 and Dec. 1989. They consisted of 81 male and 22 female patients. Patients' age ranged from 30 to 78 years with the average being 63 years. Their original diseases were bladder cancer (96 patients), prostatic cancer (2), sigmoid colon cancer (2) and others (3), The Kock reservoir was made by the procedure described by D. G. Skinner et al. The mean operation time for reservoir creation was 220 minutes. In 99 patients with a Kock reservoir for more than 3 months, the capacity of the reservoir was 200-900 ml with the average being 490 ml and the frequency of self-catheterization was 4 to 6 times a day. Early complications occurred within 3 months in 27 (26%) patients. Complications directly related to the reservoir were urine leakage (5 patients), intestine reservoir fistula formation (3) and necrosis of the reservoir (1). Late complications occurred after 3 months in 25 (25%) patients. They consisted of difficulty of catheterization (9 patients), ureteral reflux from reservoir (2), hydronephrosis (8), abscess (4), metabolic acidosis (2) and others. The results indicated that this procedure is an appropriate urinary diversion since the quality of life in the patients with a Kock reservoir is better. However, after this procedure surgical complications were not infrequent. Therefore, this procedure should be performed in selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Pulmonary uptake of thallium-201 in patients with congenital heart disease: comparison between total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and tetralogy of Fallot].

To evaluate the pulmonary extravascular space in patients with congenital heart disease, lung uptake of thallium-201 (T1-201) was quantitatively studied. A total of 50 T1-201 imagings were performed in 33 patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC); 4 preoperatively, 22 postoperatively in the early stage (within 6 months), and 24 in the late stage (7 months or later). The images consisted of 17 supracardiac TAPVC (type-I), 13 paracardiac (type-II) and 3 infracardiac (type-III). In patients with tetralogy of Fallot (T/F), T1-201 imaging was performed 15 times preoperatively, 12 in the early stage and 15 in the late stage, postoperatively. Furthermore, 29 patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were also studied preoperatively, and 21 in the late postoperative stage. Twenty-five patients with arrhythmias or a history of Kawasaki disease without perfusion defects were studied on T1-201 myocardial imaging. Lung uptake of T1-201 was analyzed with a computer using the anterior image of the chest, and the average count ratio of the right lung (P) to the left ventricular wall (LV) was calculated. P/LV values were compared between the patients before and after surgery, and differences in anatomical types in TAPVC were also evaluated. In TAPVC, P/LV values decreased gradually in the postoperative state, but were significantly higher than those of controls even in the late stage. In the late postoperative stage, type-I TAPVC had significantly higher P/LV values than those of type-II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMed1992

[A case of testicular tumor arising in the undescended testis].

A 42-year-old man with testicular tumor arising in the left undescended testis is reported. The patient had bilateral cryptorchidism and was admitted to our clinic on March 20, 1989, complaining of a mass in the lower abdomen. Colography indicated complete obstruction at the sigmoid colon, and computed tomography showed a larger mass in the lower abdomen and paraaortic lymph node swelling, as well as left hydronephrosis. We suspected that a testicular tumor had arisen in the undescended testis, and ileus was caused by the tumor mass. Since the patient was in a poor condition from preexisting ileus, chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine (PVB regimen) was immediately started without confirming the histology. After two courses of PVB regimen, bilateral orchiectomy, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, and left nephrectomy were performed. Pathological examination of the testis and resected lymph nodes revealed no residual tumor cells, and we could not identify the original histology. Additionally, two courses of chemotherapy were performed after surgery. The patient is well without evidence of disease one year and ten months after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Visuo-postural control of schizophrenics--variations of sway area during horizontal eye movement].

In the present study, we investigated the neurological mechanism of commonly known specific or unnatural postures in schizophrenic patients. Using a gravimeter, body sway studied in 26 chronic schizophrenic patients, 10 schizoaffective disorder patients and 21 normal subjects. During eye fixation at a target while keeping an upright posture, schizophrenic patients presented a larger gravimetric area than the normal subjects and the patients with schizoaffective disorder. There was a negative correlation (r = -0.509) between the standard deviation of the sway gravimetric area during fixation and the dose of neuroleptics in schizophrenic patients, but no correlation was found in patients with schizoaffective disorder (r = -0.01), although they took neuroleptics in a similar regimen to that for the schizophrenics. There was no correlation between the standard deviation of the sway gravimetric area during fixation and the duration of illness. There was also no correlation between the former and the amplitude ratio of saccades during smooth pursuit eye movements. When horizontal eye movements pursuing the target were loaded in this experiment, both the normal subjects and the patients with schizoaffective disorder showed a decrease in a loaded gravimetric area and a tendency towards postural stabilization. However, schizophrenic patients having higher SANS scores (Andreasen) presented an increase in gravimetric area. This suggests that schizophrenic patients with higher SANS score may have organic cerebellar changes related to impairment of the mechanism of visual and postural coordinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The evaluation of the effects of bunazosin hydrochloride in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia].

Thirty-five patients with prostatic hyperplasia were entered into a randomized controlled study using bunazosin hydrochloride(alpha 1-adrenergic blocker). Eighteen patients were allocated to be treated with an initial dose of 1.5 mg/day (group 1) and 17 patients received an initial dose of 3.0 mg/day (group 2). Subjective symptoms and parameters of urodynamic studies were evaluated after 4 weeks and 12 weeks. There were 5 withdrawals or exclusions within 4 weeks and 6 within 12 weeks. Therefore, 15 patients in group 1 and 15 patients in group 2 were eligible for evaluation at 4 weeks, 12 patients in group 1 and 11 patients in group 2 were eligible for evaluation at 12 weeks. The rates of the improvement in subjective symptoms such as retarded urination, protracted urination, weakened urinary stream, abdominal straining on voiding, and sense of residual urine were 40%, 25% in group 1 and 46.7%, 36.4% in group 2, at 4 weeks and at 12 weeks, respectively. The rate of improvement in objective parameters of the urodynamic study such as voiding volume, residual volume, maximum flow rate and average flow rate were 26.7%, 16.7% in group 1 and 26.7%, 20.0% in group 2, at 4 weeks and at 12 weeks, respectively. Thus, these improvements were not correlated with the dosage of drug. Adverse effects such as diarrhea, mild headache, palpitation and gastric disturbance were observed in 2 patients in group 1, and 3 patients in group 2. In the 24 patients treated with the drug over 12 weeks, there were no specific adverse effects due to prolonged administration. These findings showed that bunazosin hydrochloride is beneficial for the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia, and could be safety administered for a prolonged period of time up to 12 weeks.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

[Malignancies in patients with sarcoidosis].

We evaluated the occurrence and type of malignant tumors in 148 patients with sarcoidosis followed at the Okayama University Hospital. Nine patients had malignancies; in 2 of 9 patients the development of malignancy preceded that of sarcoidosis, and one patient presented with sarcoidosis and malignancy at the same time. Six patients developed six types of malignancy following the development sarcoidosis; one case each of stomach cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, testicular tumor, laryngeal cancer, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. There was no significant difference between sexes (3 males and 3 females). The mean age of the cancer group at the onset of sarcoidosis was 56 years, which was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than that of the control group. In these 6 patients, the mean interval from onset of sarcoidosis to detection of cancer was 11.7 years (range 1.5 to 30.2 years). The relative risk of malignancy was calculated based on the data for 148 patients with sarcoidosis with a total of 1371 person-years. The expected incidences of cancer for all sites and specific sites were estimated by applying age- and sex-adjusted person-years. The observed incidence of cancer was significantly (p less than 0.05) greater than the expected incidence for thyroid cancer, laryngeal cancer, and leukemia. No significant difference in incidence was found for all sites or for the other sites of cancer. The increased cancer incidence in sarcoidosis may be secondary to immunological abnormalities associated with this disease.

Adult↗