State-specific mobility of excited cadmium and calcium ions in a discharge plasma measured by a tunable diode laser.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Ono
Publications and source records attributed to Y Ono.
Evaluation of opsonophagocytic dysfunctions in severely burned patients by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence.
We compared the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) response of peripheral blood from severely burned patients with that from normal controls to evaluate the primary defense level against bacterial infection in the patients. The CL was measured upon addition to diluted whole blood of a soluble stimulus, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or particulate stimuli such as bacteria or zymosan without special opsonization. In the early post-burn days, the initial rate of whole blood CL induced with the particulate stimulus was much lower than that in the normal controls, whereas the rate was higher when PMA was used as a stimulus. The number of granulocytes in the patients' blood had increased and isolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from the patients exhibited higher CL responses to the particulate or soluble stimulus as compared with those of normal controls. The results suggest that the PMNs in burn patients were activated and normally mobilized in the early post-burn period but the opsonizing capacity in the blood decreased. In fact, the serum levels of complement, immunoglobulins and fibronectin were found to be lower in the blood from the patients than those from normal controls and a supplement of freshly frozen plasma of human immunoglobulin preparations restored the initial rate of the whole blood CL upon phagocytosis. The prognosis is still poor when severe infection occurs in the patients with decreased CL response of whole blood. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rh G-CSF) enhanced the CL response of PMNs from burn patients. The administration of rhG-CSF may be useful for decreasing the morbidity of severe infection following burn injury in the near future.
Adolescent↗
EEG changes with aging in adults with Down syndrome.
The EEGs of 40 subjects with Down syndrome (DS) aged 15 to 54 were investigated and compared with those of 42 mentally retarded subjects without DS (MR) and 47 healthy volunteers. The frequencies of the occipital alpha rhythms decreased with age in the DS subjects, and were significantly slower than the MR subjects over 35 years old. The slowing of alpha rhythm in the older DS subjects accompanied an increase of slow activity of 6-8 Hz, but did not relate to the deterioration of activities of daily life (ADL) as estimated by the GBS score. Twenty-one subjects with DS were examined by a CT scan as well, and showed no age-related morphometric changes.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Radionuclide assessment of left ventricular performance on exercise after external conduit operation.
Only limited information is available concerning left ventricular (LV) response to exercise after an external conduit operation for cyanotic congenital heart disease. Sixteen patients who had undergone external conduit repair (EC group) were studied with multi-gated cardiac pool imaging using a supine bicycle ergometer on 20 occasions. Six patients with a history of Kawasaki disease without coronary artery stenosis served as controls (control group). Myocardial imaging and cardiac catheterization were also performed in the EC group. There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest between the groups. However, on exercise, LVEF of the EC group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Nine patients in the EC group showed a perfusion defect (PD) on 12 occasions. LVEF on exercise of the patients with PD was significantly lower than that of the patients without PD. Furthermore, only the patients with PD showed a LVEF decrease of 5% or more in response to exercise. In the EC group, a significant inverse relationship was demonstrated between right ventricular systolic pressure (RVP) and LVEF response to exercise. However, two out of four patients who underwent external conduit replacement improved their LVEF response to exercise with successful reduction of RVP. These findings indicate that an impaired left ventricular response to exercise was common in patients after external conduit operations. Myocardial damage and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction could be the causes of this left ventricular dysfunction.
Adolescent↗
Assessment of obesity of children with spina bifida.
Percentage body fat of 35 children with spina bifida and 129 age-matched normal children was measured by underwater weighing and skinfold thickness to assess obesity. Percentage body fat of patients below five years was similar to that of controls; however, 58 per cent of patients above six years had an increased percentage of body fat. The neurological level and ambulatory ability were associated with percentage body fat. A significant correlation between percentage body fat and hydrocephalus suggests that the metabolic and nutritional maladaptation is caused not only by these patients' physical inactivity but also by the condition itself. Appropriate nutritional and mobility programmes should be started early to prevent the development of obesity.
Adipose Tissue↗
Esthetic provisional restorations for porcelain veneer preparations.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acrylic Resins↗
Low opsonic activity in sera from HIV-infected patients against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 on the chemotaxis and chemiluminescence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Recently, unusual frequency of bacteremia and neutrophil dysfunction during interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy for advanced cancer has been reported. To determine the cause of this dysfunction, we investigated the effects of recombinant human IL-2 on the chemotaxis and chemiluminescence (CL) response of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which is elevated after IL-2 administration, on the chemotaxis of human PMNs in vitro. After incubation of various concentrations of IL-2 or TNF-alpha with PMNs obtained from healthy adults, the chemotactic response to stimulation with N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine was measured by a modified Boyden chamber method. The CL response of PMNs and whole blood was measured by stimulation with non-opsonized zymosan, Staphylococcus aureus or phorbol myristate acetate after 10-minute incubation with IL-2. PMN chemotaxis (IL-2 concentration: 1, 10, 100, 1000 U/ml) and the CL response of PMNs and whole blood (IL-2 concentration: 1, 10, 100 U/ml) were unchanged when compared with the responses of untreated cells. However, PMN chemotaxis was significantly inhibited after incubation with TNF-alpha at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 U/ml. These results demonstrate that IL-2 has no direct effect on PMN function; however, TNF-alpha which increases in concentration following IL-2 therapy inhibits PMN chemotaxis, indicating that this factor may be a cause of chemotactic defects in PMNs during IL-2 therapy.
Adult↗
[A case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with ascites caused by hypoproteinemia after a massive bleeding from a gastric ulcer].
A case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) developed in an old man whose ascitic fluid was related neither to portal hypertension nor nephrotic syndrome, but with severe hypoalbuminemia emerged after a massive bleeding from a gastric ulcer in a malnutrition state. Ascitic fluid, increasing day by day, yielded Enterobacter cloacae and Bacteroides fragilis. Though autopsy was not carried out because of refusal of his family, neither liver necropsy, nor abdominal CT scan nor repeated abdominal ultrasonography showed findings suggesting existence of liver cirrhosis. In the presence of his ascites, the extent of a chemiluminescence (CL) response of polymorphonuclear cells from volunteers was significantly lower than that of his serum. This report shows that SBP can develop in a patient with ascites unrelated to portal hypertension when ascitic fluid induces little CL response.
Aged↗
[Anxiolytic activities of pentanthrene type heterocyclic compounds].
A series of pentanthrene type heterocyclic compounds were synthesized and evaluated for anxiolytic activities by three kinds of behavioral pharmacological tests. Several compounds showed anxiolytic activities. In particular, s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine (Tri-P) and 3-propyl derivatives of Tri-P(PTP) showed remarkable activities, although the activities were slightly lower than those of diazepam. The results suggested that Tri-P or PTP is a useful lead compound for the development of the antianxietic agents. The relationship between the structure and anxiolytic activity, and the inducing mechanism of the activity was discussed.
Animals↗
Atlas hypoplasia as a cause of high cervical myelopathy. Case report.
A high cervical myelopathy due to atlas hypoplasia is described in a 56-year-old man; the condition caused marked segmental compression of the spinal cord. A remarkable neurological recovery followed decompressive laminectomy of the atlas and adjacent regions. The authors discuss the embryology and etiology of this anomaly.
Cervical Atlas↗
The relationship between muscle growth and the growth of different fiber types in the chicken.
A relationship of muscle growth to fiber growth was investigated histochemically and allometrically in the chicken from 1 to 35 wk of age. Muscle fibers were classified into three types (I, IIA, and IIB) based on the reactivities for myosin adenosine triphosphatase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase. Fiber type composition widely varied in the four muscles examined in this study. Longus colli dorsalis contained all three types. The Pectoralis was composed only of IIB fibers. The caudal portion of Femorotibialis medius was made up of Type I and IIA fibers. The caudal Iliotibialis lateralis and the cranial portion of Femorotibialis medius were composed of two types, IIA and IIB. These latter two muscles showed a progressive increase of Type IIA fibers and decrease of Type IIB fibers with advancing age. Two processes controlling muscle growth were elongation and enlargement of muscle fibers. The elongation of muscle fibers stops by 15 wk of age, coincident with the cessation of bone growth. However, the enlargement of muscle fibers, the increase in diameter of muscle fibers, continued until 35 wk of age. The rate of enlargement of muscle fibers varied by muscle and fiber type. In general, greatest growth occurred in Type IIB fibers of hindlimb muscles.
Aging↗
[Epidemiological study on distribution of plaque, calculus and gingivitis among Nigerian people].
In 1991, dental health examination was carried out in Nigeria: ILE-IFE (urban) and Ashipa (rural) located in the southwest of Nigeria. The number of the subjects was 205 (aged 8, 10, 12) in ILE-IFE and 511 (aged 8, 10, 12, 15 to 75) in Ashipa. The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution of plaque, calculus and gingivitis and to reveal the correlation between the plaque score (DI-S, OHI-S), calculus score (CI-S, OHI-S) and gingivitis score (GI) among the Nigerian by age. Results were as follows: 1. In the comparison between urban and rural schoolchildren, CI-S was higher in the rural children statistically but DI-S was not. This evidence is to be expected as a consequence of using PACO (traditional twig) for tooth brushing, because 73.1% of rural children were using the PACO whilst 92.1% of urban children were using the tooth-brush. 2. Because of the poor oral cleanliness using PACO, the changing pattern of DI-S, CI-S and GI by age could be natural and physiological. 3. DI-S and CI-S among the rural people were of a high level in the children 8 and 10 years of age and decreased to the bottom level in the 20's. After the lowest scores in the 20's, these increased with age. 4. The correlations between DI-S and GI were higher in the young people than in the elder people.
Adolescent↗
[Transrectal hyperthermia for chronic prostatitis].
Transrectal hyperthermia was performed on 13 patients with chronic non-bacterial prostatitis which failed to respond to the conventional treatments. We used "Prostathermer" (Biodan-Medical system, Israel) for heating the prostate gland. The prostate was heated at 42 degrees C-43 degrees C, for 60 minutes in 1 session. Treatment consisted of 6 sessions, and was performed during a period of three weeks on an outpatient basis. Of 11 patients re-evaluated after 3 months, 6 (55%) achieved improvement of subjective symptoms. Of 9 patients, 4 (44%) showed reduction of the number of white blood cells (> or = 10 leukocytes count per high-power field) in their expressed prostatic secretion (EPS), which however was not always correlate with improvement of subjective symptoms. No complications were encountered in our series. Our result indicates that local hyperthermia is safe, and would become new modality in the treatment for chronic prostatitis.
Adult↗
[Transurethral ureterolithotripsy with rigid ureteroscope--efficacy of balloon dilation of ureteral orifice and intramural ureter].
In order to minimize the late complications of transurethral ureterolithotripsy with a rigid ureteroscope such as distal ureteral stricture or vesicoureteral reflux, we have performed a balloon dilation of the ureteral orifice and the intramural ureter prior to insertion of a rigid ureteroscope in 62 cases with ureteral calculi between October 1986 and December 1991. A 7F balloon dilator (Bard Co. USA) was cystoscopically inserted into the ureter over a 0.038 inches Radifocus guide wire (Terumo Co., Japan) and then, a balloon was inflated to 15F size with saline using a 10 ml disposal syringe. Thereafter, an 11.5F rigid ureteroscope (Wolf Co., Germany) was inserted instead of a balloon dilator. The stone was disintegrated and removed by ultrasonic lithotripter, electrohydraulic lithotripter and/or basket forceps. The stone was removed completely in 45 cases (72.6%) and incompletely in 10 (16.1%). In 7 cases (11.3%), the stone removal was failed. Long-term follow up with an excretory urography obtained at 6 months or later in 31 cases showed no distal ureteral stricture. Voiding cystography was performed in 33 cases at a mean 2.8 months postoperatively and no vesicoureteral reflux was observed. In control group, 309 cases were treated with transurethral ureterolithotripsy without dilation of the ureteral orifice and the intramural ureter between the same period. A complete removal was achieved in 262 cases (84.8%) and an incomplete removal in 16 (5.2%). 31 (10%) was failed. Distal ureteral stricture due to this procedure was found in 3 cases (2.1%) in 141 long term followed up cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Laparoscopic nephrectomy; results of initial 14 cases and procedure for renal cell carcinoma].
Since July 1991, we have performed laparoscopic nephrectomy for removal of damaged kidneys in thirteen patients. In addition, we recently developed a new procedure of laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma and successfully removed the kidney with renal cell carcinoma. Patients' age ranged from 18 to 80 years with the average being 50 years. There were 8 male and 6 female patients. Original disease was calculous disease in 5 patients, vesicoureteral reflux in 4, renovascular disease in 2, ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 1, ectopic ureter in 1 and renal cell carcinoma in 1. The mean size of the diseased kidney was 9 x 5 x 4 cm in the initial 13 cases and 13 x 7 x 6 cm in the case with renal cell carcinoma. The size of the tumor was 2.5 x 2 x 2 cm. In the first 13 patients, nephrectomy was performed as described previously. In the patient with renal cell carcinoma, a new procedure was applied. In the new procedure, five trocars were introduced into the abdominal cavity through the lateral abdominal wall. The kidney was removed en bloc together with the adrenal gland, perirenal fat and Gerota's fascia in the same fashion as traditional radical nephrectomy. Thirteen kidneys were successfully removed, but one failed because of dense adhesion to the surrounding tissue. Three of the 13 patients required additional laparotomies to control bleeding or to remove missed stone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[Clinical studies of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors: an analysis of 611 registered cases and progress of treatment].
A review of 611 cases of renal pelvic or ureter tumor registered in Tokai Urological Tumor Registry for the past 10 years from 1980 and comparison of results between the first and latter half was made. The number of renal pelvis tumor was 347 and that of ureter tumors was 264. Clinical stages and pathological grades of the tumor were as follows; Ta, 11.9; T1, 31.8; T2, 14.4; T3, 24.3; T4, 17.6% and G1, 10.5; G2, 49.3; G3, 33.0%. Higher stages and grades were observed in the recent 5 years. Of 409 cases (66.9% in total cases) treated by total nephroureterectomy, 28.3% of the first and 49.0% of the latter half were treated adjunctively by chemotherapy. Five years relative survival rates of these two groups were 49.4 and 47.3%, respectively, suggesting no improved results. A new treatment strategy such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy or lymphadenectomy is expected to improve the prognosis.
Adult↗
[The effects of the treatment for acute rejection with OKT3 monoclonal antibody treatment on the long-term results of cadaveric kidney transplantation].
Although the efficacy of OKT3 monoclonal antibody (OKT3) upon the steroid resistant rejection is well known, its beneficial effect on long-term result of kidney transplantation has not yet been well examined in Japan. A retrospective group study was performed to analyze the effect of OKT3 on the cadaver kidney allograft. Between September 1987 and October 1990, a total of 77 patients from four different hospitals were classified into 2 groups. Thirty-four patients from 2 hospitals were entered OKT3 therapy group and 43 patients from the other hospitals were entered steroid therapy group. Initial immunosuppression comprised low-dose cyclosporine (6 mg/kg), steroid and antilymphocyte globulin in both groups. In OKT3 therapy group, acute rejection episodes those were considered steroid resistant were observed in 7 patients. They were treated with OKT3 monoclonal antibody. Of the seven patients, six recovered normal renal function. The mild rejection in OKT3 therapy group was treated with high-dose steroid. Minimal follow-up was 2 years. The 2-year graft survival was 82.4% in OKT3 therapy group and 74.4% in steroid therapy group. Although the improvement on the 2 year graft survival with OKT3 treatment was 8%, the difference between two groups was not statistically significant.
Adolescent↗